Invariant kappa distribution in space plasmas out of equilibrium

Astrophysical Journal

Volumn 741, Issue 2, 2011, Pages

  Livadiotis, G ^a   McComas, D J ^a,b  

^a SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT SAN ANTONIO   (United States)

Author keywords

interplanetary medium; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; methods: analytical; plasmas; solar wind; Sun: heliosphere

Indexed keywords

EID: 80155147308     PISSN: 0004637X     EISSN: 15384357     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/88     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Abe, S. 1999, Physica A, 269, 403
2. Abe, S. 2001, Physica A, 300, 417
3. Abe, S. 2002, Phys. Rev. E, 66, 046134
4. Abe, S., Martínez, S., Pennini, F., & Plastino, A. 2001, Phys. Lett. A, 281, 126
5. Abramowitz, M. & Stegun, I. A., eds. 1972, Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables (New York: Dover), 946, 9th printing
6. Aschwanden, M. J., Tarbell, T. D., & Nightingale, R. W. et al. 2000, ApJ, 535, 1047
7. Bazarghan, M., Safari, H., Innes, D. E., Karami, E., & Solanki, S. K. 2008, A&A, 492, L13
8. Beck, C. & Schlogl, F. 1993, Thermodynamics of Chaotic Systems (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press)
9. Benz, A. O. 2004, Stars as Suns: Activity, Evolution, and Planets (IAU Symp. 219), ed. A. K. Dupree & A. O. Benz (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press), 461
10. Borges, E. P., Tsallis, C., Anns, G. F. J., & de Oliveira, P. M. C. 2002, Phys. Rev. Lett., 89, 254103
11. Charbonneau, P., McIntosh, S. W., Liu, H. L., & Bogdan, T. J. 2001, Sol. Phys., 203, 321
12. Chotoo, K., Schwadron, N. A., & Mason, G. M. et al. 2000, J. Geophys. Res A, 105, 23107
13. Christon, S. P. 1987, Icarus, 71, 448
14. Collier, M. R., Hamilton, D. C., Gloeckler, G., Bochsler, P., & Sheldon, R. B. 1996, J. Geophys. Res A, 23, 1191
15. Dayeh, M. A., Desai, M. I., & Dwyer, J. R. et al. 2009, ApJ, 693, 1588
16. Decker, R. B. & Krimigis, S. M. 2003, Adv. Space Res., 32, 597
17. Decker, R. B., Krimigis, S. M., & Roelof, E. C. et al. 2005, Science, 309, 2020
18. Desai, M. I., Mason, G. M., & Wiedenbeck, M. E. et al. 2004, ApJ, 611, 1156
19. Dialynas, K., Krimigis, S. M., & Mitchell, D. G. et al. 2009, J. Geophys. Res. A, 114, A01212
20. Funsten, H. O., Allegrini, F., & Crew, G.B. et al. 2009, Science, 326, 964
21. Gell-Mann, M. & Tsallis, C. 2004, Nonextensive Entropy: Interdisciplinary Applications (New York: Oxford Univ. Press)
22. Hawkins, S. E., III, Cheng, A. F., & Lanzerotti, L. J. 1998, J. Geophys. Res A, 103, 20031
23. Hellberg, M. A., Mace, R. L., Baluku, T. K., Kourakis, I., & Saini, N. S. 2009, Phys. Plasmas, 16, 094701
24. le Roux, J. A., Webb, G. M., Shalchi, A., & Zank, G. P. 2010, ApJ, 716, 671
25. Leubner, M. P. & Vörös, Z. 2005, ApJ, 618, 547
26. Leubner, M. P. 2002, Ap&SS, 282, 573
27. Leubner, M. P. 2004a, ApJ, 604, 469
28. Leubner, M. P. 2004b, Phys. Plasmas, 11, 1308
29. Livadiotis, G. & McComas, D. J. 2009, J. Geophys. Res. A, 114, 11105
30. Livadiotis, G. & McComas, D. J. 2010a, ApJ, 714, 971
31. Livadiotis, G. & McComas, D. J. 2010b, Phys. Scr., 82, 035003
32. Livadiotis, G. & McComas, D. J. 2010c, Pickup Ions Throughout the Heliosphere and Beyond (AIP Conf. Proc. 1302), ed. J. LeRoux et al. (Melville, NY: AIP), 70
33. Livadiotis, G. & McComas, D. J. 2011, ApJ, 738, 64
34. Livadiotis, G., McComas, D. J., Dayeh, M. A., Funsten, H. O., & Schwadron, N. A. 2011, ApJ, 734, 1
35. Mann, G., Classen, H. T., Keppler, E., & Roelof, E. C. 2002, A&A, 391, 749
36. Marsch, E. 2006, Living Rev. Solar Phys., 3, 1
37. Mason, G. M., Leske, R. A., & Desai, M. I. et al. 2008, ApJ, 678, 1458
38. Mauk, B. H., Krimigis, S. M., & Keath, E. P. et al. 1987, J. Geophys. Res. A, 92, 15283
39. Mauk, B. H., Mitchell, D. G., & McEntire, R. W. et al. 2004, J. Geophys. Res. A, 109, A09S12
40. McComas, D. J., Allegrini, F., & Bochsler, P. et al. 2009, Science, 326, 959
41. Milovanov, A. V. & Zelenyi, L. M. 2000, Nonlinear Process. Geophys., 7, 211
42. Naudts, J. 2011, Generalised Thermostatistics (New York: Springer)
43. Nieves-Chinchilla, T. & Vĩas, A. F. 2008a, J. Geophys. Res. A, 113, A02105
44. Nieves-Chinchilla, T. & Vĩas, A. F. 2008b, Geofis. Int., 47, 245
45. Norman, J. P., Charbonneau, P., McIntosh, S. W., & Liu, H. L. 2001, ApJ, 557, 891
46. Pauluhn, A. & Solanki, S. K. 2007, A&A, 462, 311
47. Pierrard, V. & Lazar, M. 2010, Sol. Phys., 267, 153
48. Prato, D. & Tsallis, C. 1999, Phys. Rev. E, 60, 2398
49. Raadu, M. A. & Shafiq, M. 2007, Phys. Plasmas, 14, 012105
50. Rama, S. K. 2000, Phys. Lett. A, 276, 103
51. Saito, S., Forme, F. R. E., Buchert, S. C., Nozawa, S., & Fujii, R. 2000, Ann. Geophys., 18, 1216
52. Schippers, P., Blanc, M., & André, N. et al. 2008, J. Geophys. Res. A, 113, A07208
53. Schreier, E., Gursky, H., Kellogg, E., Tananbaum, H., & Giacconi, R. 1971, ApJ, 170, L21
54. Shizgal, B. D. 2007, Ap&SS, 312, 227
55. Silva, R., Plastino, A. R., & Lima, J. A. S. 1998, Phys. Lett. A, 249, 401
56. Tsallis, C. 1988, J. Stat. Phys., 52, 479
57. Tsallis, C. 1999, Braz. J. Phys., 29, 1
58. Tsallis, C. 2009a, J. Comput. Appl. Math., 227, 51
59. Tsallis, C. 2009b, Introduction to Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics (New York: Springer)
60. Tsallis, C., Mendes, R. S., & Plastino, A. R. 1998, Physica A, 261, 534
61. Vasyliũnas, V. M. 1968, J. Geophys. Res. A, 73, 2839
62. Venters, T. M. & Pavlidou, V. 2007, ApJ, 666, 128
63. Von Montigny, C., Bertsch, D. L., & Chiang, J. et al. 1995, ApJ, 440, 525
64. Yamano, T. 2002, Physica A, 305, 486
65. Yoon, P. H., Rhee, T., & Ryu, C.-M. 2006, J. Geophys. Res. A, 111, A09106
66. Zouganelis, I., Maksimovic, M., Meyer-Vernet, N., Lamy, H., & Issautier, K. 2004, ApJ, 606, 542