A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical poison frog genus Ranitomeya (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae)

Zootaxa

Volumn , Issue 3083, 2011, Pages 1-120

  Brown, Jason L ^a   Twomey, Evan ^b   Amézquita, Adolfo ^c   De Souza, Moisés Barbosa ^d   Caldwell, Janalee P ^e   Lötters, Stefan ^f   Von May, Rudolf ^g   Melo Sampaio, Paulo Roberto ^d   Mejía Vargas, Daniel ^c   Perez Peña, Pedro ^h   Pepper, Mark ⁱ   Poelman, Erik H ^j   Sanchez Rodriguez, Manuel ^k   Summers, Kyle ^b  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES   (Colombia)

^d UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ACRE   (Brazil)

^e UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF TRIER   (Germany)

^g FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^h Wildlife Conservation Society   (Peru)

ⁱ Understory Enterprises Inc   (Canada)

^j WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^k Understory Enterprises Inc   (Peru)

more..

Author keywords

Andinobates gen. nov.; Dendrobates; M llerian mimicry; Phylogenetics; Ranitomeya toraro sp. nov.; Systematics

Indexed keywords

AMPHIBIA; ANIMALIA; ANURA; DENDROBATES; DENDROBATES DUELLMANI; DENDROBATES VENTRIMACULATUS; DENDROBATIDAE; MELO; RANA MACULATA;

EID: 80155138557     PISSN: 11755326     EISSN: 11755334     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3083.1.1     Document Type: Article

References (147)

1. Aichinger, M. (1991) A new species of poison-dart frog (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Serrania de Sira, Peru. Herpetologica, 47, 1-5. Almendáriz, L.A. (1987) Contribucion al conocimiento de la herpetofauna centroriental ecuatoriana. Politecnica, 12, 77-133.
2. Altig, R. & McDiarmid, R.W. (1999) Body plan: development and morphology. In: McDiarmid, R.W. & Altig, R. (Eds.) Tadpoles: The Biology of Anuran Larvae. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 24-51.
3. Applied Biosystems, Inc. (1995) Autoassembler v. 1.4.0. Foster City, CA, USA: AppliedBiosystems, Inc.
4. Ávila-Pires, T.C.S. & Hoogmoed, M.S. (1997) The Herpetofauna. In: Lisboa, P. (ed.), Caxiuanã, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, pp. 389-401.
5. Barnosky, A.D., Matzke, N., Tomiya, S., Wogan, G.O.U., Swartz, B., Quental, T.B., Marshall, C., McGuire, J.L., Lindsey, E.L., Maguire, K.C., Mersey, B., Ferrer, E.A. (2011). Has the Earth's sixth mass extinction already arrived? Nature, 471 (7336), 51-57.
6. Bauer, L. (1988) Pijlgifkikkers en verwanten: de familie Dendrobatidae. Het Paludarium, 1 Nov, 1988, 1-6.
7. Bechter R. & Lescure, J. (1982) Dendrobates quinquevittatus. Fortpflanzungsverhalten im Terrarium und Vielgestaltigkeit der Art (Teil 1). Herpetofauna, 4 (21), 26-30.
8. Bechter R. & Lescure, J. (1983) Dendrobates quinquevittatus. Fortpflanzungsverhalten im Terrarium und Vielgestaltigkeit der Art (Teil 1). Herpetofauna, 5 (22), 28-32.
9. Bernal-Bautista, M.H., Luna-Mora, V.F., Gallego, O. & Quevedo-Gil, A. (2007) A new species of poison frog (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) from the Andean mountains of Tolima, Colombia. Zootaxa, 1638, 59-68. (Pubitemid 350144420)
10. Boulenger, G.A. (1884 "1883") On a collection of frogs from Yurimaguas, Huallaga River, Northern Peru. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1883, 635-638, 1 colour pl, 1 B&W pl.
11. Boulenger, G.A. (1899) Descriptions of new batrachians in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 7, 3, 273-277, 2 plates.
12. Brandley, M.C., Schmitz, A. & Reeder, T.W. (2005) Partitioned Bayesian Analyses, Partition Choice, and the Phylogenetic Relationships of Scincid Lizards. Systematic Biology, 54, 373-390. (Pubitemid 41040438)
13. Brown, J.L., Chouteau, M., Glenn, T. & Summers, K. (2009a) The development and analysis of twenty-one microsatellite loci for three species of Amazonian poison frogs Conservation Genetics Resources, 1, 149-151.
14. Brown, J.L., Morales, V. & Summers, K. (2008a) Divergence in parental care, habitat selection and larval life history between two species of Peruvian poison frogs: an experimental analysis. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 21, 1534-1543.
15. Brown, J.L., Morales, V. & Summers, K. (2009b) Home range size and location in relation to reproductive resources in poison frogs (Dendrobatidae): a Monte Carlo approach using GIS data. Animal Behaviour, 77, 547-554.
16. Brown, J.L., Morales, V. & Summers, K. (2009c) Tactical reproductive parasitism via larval cannibalism in Peruvian poison frogs. Biology Letters, 5, 148-151.
17. Brown, J.L., Morales, V. & Summers, K. (2010) A Key Ecological Trait Drove the Evolution of Biparental Care and Monogamy in an Amphibian. The American Naturalist, 175, 436-446.
18. Brown, J.L., Schulte, R. & Summers, K. (2006) A new species of Dendrobates (Anura : Dendrobatidae) from the Amazonian lowlands in Peru. Zootaxa, 45-58. (Pubitemid 43926362)
19. Brown, J.L. & Twomey, E. (2009) Complicated histories: three new species of poison frogs of the genus Ameerega (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from north-central Peru. Zootaxa, 2049, 1-38.
20. Brown, J.L., Twomey, E., Morales, V. & Summers, K. (2008b) Phytotelm size in relation to parental care and mating strategies in two species of Peruvian poison frogs. Behaviour, 145, 1139-1165.
21. Brown, J.L., Twomey, E., Pepper, M. & Rodriguez, M.S. (2008c) Revision of the Ranitomeya fantastica species complex with description of two new species from Central Peru (Anura : Dendrobatidae). Zootaxa, 1823, 1-24.
22. Calderhead, B. & Girolami, M. (2009) Estimating Bayes factors via thermodynamic integration and population MCMC. Computer Statistics & Data Analysis, 53, 4028-4045.
23. Caldwell, J. & de Oliveira, V. (1999) Determinants of biparental care in the spotted poison frog, Dendrobates vanzolinii (Anura : Dendrobatidae). Copeia, 565-575. (Pubitemid 29402713)
24. Caldwell, J.P. (1997) Pair bonding in spotted poison frogs. Nature, 385, 211.
25. Caldwell, J.P. & Myers, C.W. (1990) A new poison frog from Amazonian Brazil, with further revision of the quinquevittatus group of Dendrobates American Museum Novitates, 2988, 1-21.
26. Caldwell, J.P., Lima, A.P., & Biavati, G.M. (2002) Descriptions of tadpoles of Colostethus marchesianus and Colostethus caeruleodactylus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from their type localities. Copeia, 2002, 166-172. (Pubitemid 34179369)
27. Charif, R.A., Waack, A.M. & Strickman, L.M. (2010) Raven Pro 1.4 User's Manual. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY.
28. Christmann, S.P. (2004) Dendrobatidae -Poison Frogs -A Fantastic Journey through Ecuador, Peru and Colombia (Volumes I, II & III).
29. Cisneros-Heredia, D.F. (2003) La herpetofauna de la Estacion de Biodiversidad Tiputini, Provincia de Orellana, Amazonia Ecuador. Mem.1er Congreso Ecuatatoriano de Ecologia and Ambeinte, Univ. San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador.
30. Clough, M. & Summers, K. (2000) Phylogenetic systematics and biogeography of the poison frogs: evidence from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 70, 515-540.
31. Crump, M.L. (1971) Quantitative analysis of the ecological distribution of a tropical herpetofauna.Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas, 3, 1-62.
32. Daly, J.W., Myers, C.W. & Whittaker, N. (1987) Further classification on skin alkaloids from neotropical posion frogs (Dendrobatidae), with a general survey of toxic/noxious substances in the amphibia. Toxicon, 25, 1023-1095. (Pubitemid 18041677)
33. Darst, C. & Cannatella, D. (2004) Novel relation-ships among hylold frogs inferred from 12S and 16S mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 31, 462-475. (Pubitemid 38504442)
34. De La Riva, I., Köhler, J., Lötters, S. & Reichle, S. (2000) Ten years of research on Bolivian amphibians: updated checklist, distribution, taxonomic problems, lityerature and iconography. Revista Española de Herpetología, 14, 19-164.
35. Divossen, H. (1999) Dendrobates fantasticus in the field and in the terrarium. Aquarium (Bornheim), 355, 58-60.
36. Divossen, H. (2000) Dendrobates reticulatus - a small jewel from the rainforest. Draco, 1, 58-61.
37. Divossen, H. (2002) Ein Frosch der so aussieht wie er heiβt: Dendrobates fantasticus. Faszination Pfeilgiftfrösche, 1, 20-25.
38. Doan, T.M. & Arriaga, W.A. (2002) Microgeographic variation in species composition of the herpetofaunal communities of Tambopata Region, Peru. Biotropica, 34, 101-117. (Pubitemid 34414134)
39. Dubois., A (1988) The genus in zoology: a contribution to the theory of evolutionary systematics. Mémoires du. Muséum de National d'Histoire Naturelle (A), 140, 1-123.
40. Duellman, W.E. & Thomas, R. (1996) Anuran amphibians from a seasonally dry forest in southeastern Peru and comparisons of the anurans among sites in the Upper Amazon Basin. Occasional Papers of the Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 1-34.
41. Duellman, W.E. (1978) The biology of an equatorial herpetofauna in Amazonian Ecuador. Miscellaneous Publications of the University of Kansas, Museum of Natural History, Lawrence, 1-352.
42. Edgar, R.C. (2004) MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research, 32(5), 1792-1797. (Pubitemid 38832724)
43. Estupinan-T, R.A., Bernardi, J.A.R. & Galatti, U. (2001) La fauna anura en la floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã. In: Lisboa, P. (ed.), Caxiuanã, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém.
44. Erdtmann, L. & Amézquita, A. (2009) Differential Evolution of Advertisement Call Traits in Dart-Poison Frogs (Anura: Dendrobatidae). Ethology, 115, 801-811.
45. Frost, D.R., Grant, T., Faivovich, J., Bain, R.H., Haas, A., Haddad, C.F.B., De SÁ, R.O., Channing, A., Wilkinson, M., Donnellan, S.C., Raxworthy, C.J., Campbell, J.A., Blotto, B.L., Moler, P., Drewes, R.C., Nussbaum, R.A., Lynch, J.D., Green, D.M. & Wheeler, W.C. (2006) The Aphibian Tree of Life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 297, 1-291.
46. Frost, D.R. (2011) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.5 (31 January, 2011). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/American Museum of Natural, New York, USA.
47. Fujitani, T., Hashikawa, H. & Nishio, K. (1998) Breeding the Amazonian poison frog, Dendrobates ventrimaculatus. Animals and Zoos, 50, 74-77.
48. Goebel, A. M., Donnelly, J. M., & Atz., M.E. (1999) PCR primers and amplification methods for 12S ribosomal DNA, the control region, cytochrome oxidase I, and cytochrome b in bufonids and other frogs, and an overview of PCR primers which have amplified DNA in amphibians successfully. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 11, 163-199. (Pubitemid 129499260)
49. Gosner, K.L. (1960) A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on Identification. Herpetologica, 16, 183-190.
50. Graham, C., Ron, S., Santos, J., Schneider, C. & Moritz, C. (2004) Integrating phylogenetics and environmental niche models to explore speciation mechanisms in dendrobatid frogs. Evolution, 58, 1781-1793. (Pubitemid 39151508)
51. Grant, T., Frost, D.R., Caldwell, J.P., Gagliardo, R., Haddad, C.F.B., Kok, P.J.R., Means, D.B., Noonan, B.P., Schargel, W.E. & Wheeler, W. (2006) Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia, Athesphatanura, Dendrobatidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 299, 1-262.
52. Gorzula, S. (1996) The trade in dendrobatid frogs from 1987 to 1993. Herpetological Review, 27, 116-123. (Pubitemid 126420000)
53. Hauswaldt, J.S., Ludewig, A.-K., Vences, M. & Pröh L (2010) Widespread co-occurrence of divergent mitochondrial haplotype lineages in a Central American species of poison frog (Oophaga pumilio). Journal of Biogeography.
54. Herrmann, H.J. (1988) Der Netzbaumsteiger, Dendrobates reticulatus Boulenger, 1884 -eine Verhaltensskizze. Aquarien Terrarien, 78-79.
55. Huelsenbeck, J.P. & Ronquist, F. (2001) MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogeny. Bioinformatics, 17, 754-755.
56. IUCN (2010) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 8.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, 85 pp.
57. Jungfer, K.-H., Lötters, L. & Jörgens, D. (2000) Der kleinste Pfeilgiftfrosch -eine neueDendrobates-Art aus West-Panama. Herpetofauna, 22, 11-18.
58. Kass, R.E. & Raftery, A.E. (1995) Bayes Factors. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 90, 773-795.
59. Kneller, M. (1983) Beobachtungen anDendrobates fantasticus im natürlichen Lebensraum und im Terrarium. Das Aquarium, 16, 148-151.
60. Kocher, T.D., Thomas, W.K., Meyer, A., Edwards, S.V., Pääbo, S., Villablanca, F.X. & Wilson, A.C. (1989) Dynamics of mitochondrial DNA evolution in animals: amplification and sequencing with conserved primers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA, 86, 6196-6200. (Pubitemid 19210622)
61. Kok, P.J.R. (2000) A survey of the anuran fauna of Montagne Belvédère, county of Saül, French Guiana: field list with comments on taxonomy and ecology. The British Herpetological Society Bulletin, 71, 6-26
62. Lartillot, N. & Philippe, H. (2006) Computing Bayes Factors Using Thermodynamic Integration. Syst Biol, 55, 195-207. (Pubitemid 43355101)
63. Lima, A.P., Magnusson, W.E., Menin, M., Erdtmann, L.K., Rodrigues, D.J., Keller, C. & Hödl, W. (2006) Guia de sapos da Reserva Adolpho Ducke -Amazônia Central (Guide to the frogs of Reserva Adolpho Ducke -Central Amazonia). Attema -Manaus. 168 pp
64. Lescure, J. & Bechter, R. (1982) Le comportement de reproduction en captivite et lepolymorphisme de Dendrobates quinquevittatus Steindachner (Amphibia, Anura,Dendrobatidae). Revue Française d'Aquariologie, Herpétologie, 8,107-118.
65. Lescure, J. & Marty, C. (2001) Atlas des Amphibiens de Guyane. Patrimoines Naturels, Paris.
66. Lötters, S. (1987) Redefinition von Dendrobates quinquevittatus Steindachner, 1834. Salamandra, 24, 72-74.
67. Lötters, S., Reichle, S. & Jungfer, K.-H. (2003) Advertisement calls of neotropical poison frogs (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) of the genera Colostethus, Dendrobates and Epipedobates, with notes on dendrobatid call classification. Journal of Natural History, 37, 1899-1911 (Pubitemid 36933173)
68. Lötters, S., Jungfer, K.-H., Schmidt, W. & Henkel, F.W. (2007) Poison Frogs: Biology, Species and Captive Husbandry Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 668 pp.
69. Lötters, S., van der Meijden, A., Rödder, D., Köster, T.E, Kraus, T., La Marca, E., Haddad, C. F. B. & Veith, M (2010) Reinforcing and expanding the predictions of the distubrance vicariance hypothesis in Amazonian harlequin frogs: a molecular phylogenetic and climate envelope modelling approach. Biodiversity and Conservation, 19, 2125-2146.
70. Lötters, S. & Vences, M. (2000) Bemerkungen zur Nomenklatur und Taxonomie peruanischer Pfeilgiftfrösche (Anura: Dendrobatidae: Dendrobates, Epipedobates). Salamandra, 36, 247-260. (Pubitemid 33228348)
71. Maddison, D., & Maddison, W. (2001) MacClade 4: Analysis of Phylogeny and Character Evolution, Version 4.0. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
72. Maldonado, M. M. & Reichle, S. (2007) Primer registro de Ranitomeya biolat (Morales, 1992) (Anura: Dendrobatidae) para Bolivia, con apuntes sobre la nueve nomenclatura de Dendrobatidae. Kempffinan, 3 (1), 14-17.
73. Marty, C. & Gaucher, P. (1999) Guide sonore des Amphibiens de Guyane. Ceba (Centre Bioacoustique Alpin), France. Mayer, E. & Ashlock, P.D. (1991) Principles of Systematic Zoology, 2nd, McGraw-Hill, Inc. New York.
74. McClain, C. (2011) The mass extinction of scientists who study species.IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians, 18 (1), p 39-41.
75. Medina-Müller, M. (2006) Factores que Influyen en el Canibalismo entre Renacuajos de la Rana Venenosa Dendrobates biolat Morales 1998 (Anura: Dendrobatidae). Tesis, Licenciatura. Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Perú.
76. Meede, U. (1980) Beobachtungen an Dendrobates quinquevittatus und Phyllobates fermoralis. Salamandra, 16, 38-51.
77. Melin, D. E. (1941) Contributions to the knowledge of the Amphibia of South America. Göteborgs Kungl. Vetenskaps-och Vitterhetssamhälles. Handlingar. Serien B, Matematiska och Naturvetenskapliga Skrifter, 1, 1-71.
78. Melo-Sampaio, P. R. & Barbosa de Souza, M. (2009) Ranitomeya biolat. Herpetological Review, 40 (4), 447.
79. Morales, V. (1992) Dos especies nuevas de Dendrobates (Anura: Dendrobatidae) para Perú. Caribbean Journal of Science, 28, 191-199. (Pubitemid 24409855)
80. Moreira, G.R., Gordo, M., Martins, M., Galatti, U. & Oda, W.Y. (1997) Relatório Final da Área Temática Herpetofauna. Macrozoneamento Sócio-Econômico-Ecológico do Estado de Rondônia. Planafloro report, pp. 1-57. Planafloro, Porto Velho.
81. Myers, C., W. (1982) Spotted poison frogs: Description of Three new Dendrobates from Western Amazonia, and resurrection of a lost species from "Chiriqui". American Museum Novitates, 2721, 23.
82. Myers, C.W. & Daly, J.W. (1976) Preliminary evaluation of skin toxins and vocalizations in taxonomic and evolutionary studies of poison-dart frogs (Dendrobatidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 157, 173-262.
83. Myers, C.W. & Daly, J.W. (1980) Taxonomy and ecology of Dendrobates bombetes, a new Andean poison frog with new skin toxins. American Museum Novitates, 1-23.
84. Nijman, V. & Shepherd, C.R. (2010) The role of Asia in the global trade in CITES II-listed poison arrow frogs: hopping from Kazakhstan to Lebanon to Thailand and beyond. Biodiversity & Conservation, 19, 1963-1970.
85. Noonan, B.P. & Wray, K.P. (2006) Neotropical diversification: the effects of a complex history on diversity within the poison frog genus Dendrobates. Journal of Biogeography, 33, 1007-1020. (Pubitemid 43742634)
86. Nylander, J.A. (2004) MrModeltest. Program distributed by the author
87. Nylander, J.A.A., Ronquist, F., Huelsenbeck, J.P. & Nieves-Aldrey, J.L. (2004) Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of combined data. Systematic Biology, 53, 47-67. (Pubitemid 38370420)
88. Palumbi, S., Martin, A., Romano, S., McMillan, W. O., Stice, L., & Grabowski, G.(1991). The simple fools guide to PCR, Version 2.0. University of Hawaii.
89. Pepper, M.P., Twomey, E. & Brown, J.L. (2007) The smuggling crisis. Leaf Litter Magazine.Tree Walkers International, 1.1, 5-7
90. Perez-Peña, P., Chavez, G., Twomey, E. & Brown, J.L. (2010) Two new species of Ranitomeya (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from eastern Amazonian Peru. Zootaxa, 2439, 1-23.
91. Phillips, S.J., Anderson, R.P. & Schapire, R.E. (2006) Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecol Model, 190, 231-259. (Pubitemid 41680650)
92. Pistoni, J. & Felipe-Toledo L. (2010) Amphibian Illegal Trade In Brazil: What Do We Know? South American Journal of Herpetology, 5(1), 2010, 51-56.
93. Poelman, E.H. & Dicke, M. (2007) Offering offspring as food to cannibals: oviposition strategies of Amazonian poison frogs (Dendrobates ventrimaculatus). Evolutionary Ecology, 21, 215-227.
94. Poelman, E.H. & Dicke, M. (2008) Space use of Amazonian poison frogs: Testing the reproductive resource defense hypothesis. Journal of Herpetology, 42, 270-278. (Pubitemid 351786796)
95. Pröhl, H. (2005) Territorial behavior in Dendrobatid Frogs. Journal of Herpetology, 39, 354-365. (Pubitemid 41391729)
96. Quicke, D. L. (1993) Principles and Techniques of Contemporary Taxonomy. London, Blackie Academic and Professional.
97. Rambaut, A., Drummond, A. J., (2007) Tracer v1.4, Available from:http://beast.bio.ed.ac.uk/Tracer (6/1/2009)
98. Roberts, J.L., Brown, J.L., von May, R., Arizabal, W., Presar, A., Symula, R., Schulte, R. & Summers, K. (2006a) Phylogenetic relationships among poison frogs of the genus Dendrobates (Dendrobatidae): A molecular perspective from increased taxon sampling. Herpetological Journal, 16, 377-385. (Pubitemid 46867221)
99. Roberts, J.L., Brown, J.L., von May, R., Arizabal, W., Schulte, R. & Summers, K. (2006b) Genetic divergence and speciation in lowland and montane peruvian poison frogs. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 41, 149-164. (Pubitemid 44322053)
100. Rodríguez, L. O. & Duellman, W. E. (1994) Guide to the frogs of the Iquitos Region, Amazonian Peru. University of Kansas, Natural History Museum, Special Publication, 22,1-80.
101. Rodriguez, L.O. & Knell, G. (2003) Amphibians and reptiles. In: Pitman, N., Vriesendorp, C., Moskovits, D. (Eds), Rapid biological inventory: Peru: Yavari. The Field Museum, Chicago, U.S.A., pp. 167-170.
102. Ruiz-Carranza, P. M., & Ramírez-Pinilla, M. P. (1992) Una nueva especies de Minyobates (Anura: Dendrobatidae) de Colombia. Lozania, Bogotá 61, 1-16.
103. Ruxton, G., Sherratt, T. & Speed, M. (2004) Avoiding Attack -The Evolutionary Ecology of Crypsis, Warning Signals and Mimicry. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
104. Santos, J., Coloma, L. & Cannatella, D. (2003) Multiple, recurring origins of aposematism and diet specialization in poison frogs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100, 12792-12797. (Pubitemid 37339978)
105. Santos, J.C., Coloma, L.A., Summers, K., Caldwell, J.P., Ree, R. & Cannatella, D.C. (2009) Amazonian Amphibian Diversity Is Primarily Derived from Late Miocene Andean Lineages. PLoS Biol, 7, e1000056.
106. Schulte, L. M., Rödder, D., Schulte, R. & Lötters S. (2010) Preference and competition for breeding plants in coexisting Ranitomeya species (Dendrobatidae): does height play a role? Salamandra 46(3), 180-184.
107. Schulte, R. (1981) D. quinquevittatus: Ökologie, Haltung und Zucht. Herpetofauna, 3, 10, 24-28.
108. Schulte, R. (1986) Eine neue Dendrobates-Art aus Ostperu (Amphibia: Salentia: Dendrobatidae). Sauria, 8, 11-20.
109. Schulte, R. (1999) Pfeilgiftfrösche "Artenteil -Peru". INBICO, Wailblingen, Germany, 294 pp.
110. Shimada, T., Matsui, M., Yambun, P., Lakim, M., & Mohamed, M. (2008) Detection of two cryptic taxa in Meristogenys amoropalmatus (Amphibia, Ranidae) through nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analyses. Zootaxa, 1843,24-34.
111. Shreve, B. (1935) On a new Teiid and Amphibia from Panama, Ecuador, and Paraguay. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History, 8, 209-218.
112. Souza, M.B. (2009) Anfíbios: Reserva Extrativista Alto Juruá e Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor. Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza Universidade Federal do AcreCampus Universitário.
113. Suchard, M.A., Weiss, R.E. & Sinsheimer, J.S. (2005) Models for Estimating Bayes Factors with Applications to Phylogeny and Tests of Monophyly. Biometrics, 61, 665-673.
114. Summers, K. (1999) The effects of cannibalism on Amazonian poison frog egg and tadpole deposition and survivorship in Heliconia axil pools. Oecolgia, 119, 557-564. (Pubitemid 29300772)
115. Summers, K. & Amos, W. (1997) Behavioral, ecological, and molecular genetic analyses of reproductive strategies in the Amazonian dart-poison frog, Dendrobates ventrimaculatus. Behavioral Ecology, 8, 260-267.
116. Summers, K., Bermingham, E., Weigt, L. & McCafferty, S. (1997a) Phenotypic and genetic divergence in three species of dart-poison frogs with contrasting parental behavior. Journal of Heredity, 88, 8-13. (Pubitemid 27085752)
117. Summers, K., Bermingham, E., Weigt, L., McCafferty, S. & Dahlstrom, L. (1997b) Phenotypic and genetic divergence in three species of dart-poison frogs with contrasting parental behavior. Journal of Heredity, 88, 8-13. (Pubitemid 27085752)
118. Summers, K. & Earn, D.J. (1999) The cost of polygyny and the evolution of female care in poison frogs. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 66, 515-538. (Pubitemid 29216043)
119. Summers, K. & McKeon, C.S. (2004) The evolutionary ecology of phytotelmata use in poison frogs. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology of the University of Michigan, 55-73.
120. Summers, K. & Symula, R. (2001) Cannibalism and kin discrimination in tadpoles of the Amazonian poison frog, Dendrobates ventrimaculatus, in the field. Herpetological Journal, 11, 17-21. (Pubitemid 32442388)
121. Summers, K., Weight, L.A., Boag, P. & Bermingham, E. (1999) The evolution of female parental care in poison frogs of the genus Dendrobates: Evidence from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Herpetologica, 55, 254-270. (Pubitemid 29432568)
122. Swofford, D. L. (2004) PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (* and OtherMethods), Version 4.0b. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.
123. Symula, R., Schulte, R. & Summers, K. (2001) Molecular phylogenetic evidence for a mimetic radiation in Peruvian poison frogs supports a Mullerian mimicry hypothesis. Proccedings of the Royal Sociey of Lond Series B-Biological Science, 268, 2415-2421. (Pubitemid 33151449)
124. Symula, R., Schulte, R. & Summers, K. (2003) Molecular systematics and phylogeography of Amazonian poison frogs of the genus Dendrobates. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 26, 452-75. (Pubitemid 36386502)
125. Terborgh, J., & Weske, J.S. (1975) The role of competiion in the distribution of Andean birds. Ecology, 56, 562-576.
126. TRAFFIC (2011). TRAFFIC Bulletin Seizures and Prosecutions: Vol. 16 No. 3 (March 1997) to Vol. 23 No. 4 (April 2011)
127. Twomey, E. & Brown, J.L. (2008) Spotted poison frogs: rediscovery of a lost species and a new genus (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from northwestern Peru. Herpetologica, 64, 121-137. (Pubitemid 351503250)
128. Twomey, E. & Brown, J.L. (2009) Another species of Ranitomeya (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from Amazonian Colombia. Zootaxa, 1302, 48-60.
129. Vanzolini, P.E. (1986) Levantamento herpetologico da área do estado de Rondônia sob a influencia da rodovia BR 364. Relatorio de Pesquisa, 1, 1-50.
130. Vences, M., Kosuch, J., Boistel, R., Haddad, C.F.B., La Marca, E., Lötters, S. & Veith, M. (2003b) Convergent evolution of aposematic coloration in neotropical poison frogs: a molecular phylogenetic perspective. Organism Diversity & Evolution, 3, 215-226. (Pubitemid 37171959)
131. Vences, M., Kosuch, J., Lötters, S., Widmer, A., Jungfer, K.H., Kohler, J. & Veith, M. (2000) Phylogeny and classification of poison frogs (Amphibia: dendrobatidae), based on mitochondrial 16S and 12S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 15, 34-40. (Pubitemid 30308740)
132. Venegas, P.J. & von May, R. (2010) Apéndice/Appendix 4: Anfibios y Reptiles/Amphibians and Reptiles. Pp. 282-286, in Gilmore MP, Vriesendorp C, Alverson WS, del Campo A, von May R, Lopez Wong C, Rios Ochoa S (eds) Perú: Maijuna. Rapid Biological and Social Inventories Report 22. The Field Museum, Chicago.
133. Vitt, L.J. & Caldwell, J.P. (1996) Inventário e Ecologia da herpetofauna da Amazônia: Rio Juruá, Porto Walter, Acre, Brasil. Report Proj. NSF Project DEB-9505518
134. von May, R., Catenazzi, A., Angulo, A., Brown, J.L., Carrillo, J., Chávez, G., Córdova, J.H., Curo, A., Delgado, A., Enciso, M.A., Gutiérrez, R., Lehr, E., Martínez, J.L., Medina-Müller, M., Miranda, A., Neira, D.R., Ochoa, J.A., Quiroz, A.J., Rodríguez, D.A., Rodríguez, L.O., Salas, A.W., Seimon, T., Seimon, A., Siu-Ting, K., Suárez, J., Torres, J. & Twomey, E. (2008a) Current state of conservation knowledge of threatened amphibian species in Peru. Tropical Conservation Science, 1, 376-396.
135. von May, R., Medina-Müller, M., Donnelly, M.A., & Summers, K. (2008b) The tadpole of the bamboo-breeding poison frog Ranitomeya biolat (Anura: Dendrobatidae). Zootaxa, 1857, 66-68.
136. von May, R., Medina-Müller, M., Donnelly, M.A., & Summers, K. (2009a) Breeding-site selection by the poison frog Ranitomeya biolat in Amazonian bamboo forests: an experimental approach. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 87, 453-463.
137. von May, R., Reider, K.E., & Summers, K. (2009b) Effect of body size on intraguild predation between tadpoles of bamboo-breeding poison frogs and predaceous mosquito larvae. Journal of Freshwater Ecology, 24, 431-435.
138. von May, R. & Mueses-Cisneros (2011) Apéndice/Appendix 5: Anfibios y Reptiles/Amphibians and Reptiles. Pp. 306-311, in Pitman, N.C.A., Vriesendorp, C., del Campo, A., et al. (eds) Perú: Yaguas-Cotuhé. Rapid Biological and Social Inventories Report 23. The Field Museum, Chicago.
139. Waldram, M. (2008) Breeding biology of Ranitomeya biolat in the Tambopata region of Amazonian Peru. Journal of Herpetology, 42, 232-237. (Pubitemid 351786790)
140. Werner P., Elle, O., Schulte, L., & Lötters, S. (2011) Home range behaviour in male and female poison frogs in Amazonian Peru (Dendrobatidae: Ranitomeya reticulata). Journal of Natural History, 45 (1-2), 15-27
141. Werner P. (2010) Habitatnutzung bei Pfeilgiftfröschen im amazonischenTieflandregenwald in Peru. Elaphe, 4, 15-19.
142. Wiley, E. O. (1981) Phylogenetics: The Theory and Practice of Phylogenetic Systematics. New York, Wiley.
143. Wiltenmuth, E.B. & Nishikawa, K.C. (1994) Scaling of feeding kinematics across four species of dendrobatid frogs. American Zoologist, 34, 57A.
144. Winston, J. E. (1999) Describing species: Practical taxonomic procedure for biologists. New York: Columbia University Press.
145. Zimmermann, H. & Zimmermann, E. (1984) Durch Nachzucht erhalten: Baumsteigerfrosche. Dendrobates quinquevittatus und D. reticulatus. Aquarien Magazin, 18, 35-41.
146. Zimmermann, H. & Zimmermann, E. (1985) Care and rearing of Dendrobates quinquevittatus and Dendrobates reticulatus. Nordisk Herpetologisk Forening, 28, 76-90.
147. Zimmermann, H., & Zimmermann, E. (1988) Etho-Taxonomie und zoogeographische Artengruppenbildung bei Pfeilgiftfroschen (Anura: Dendrobatidae). Salamandra, 24, 125-160.