Torsional carbon nanotube artificial muscles

Science

Volumn 334, Issue 6055, 2011, Pages 494-497

  Foroughi, Javad ^a   Spinks, Geoffrey M ^a   Wallace, Gordon G ^a   Oh, Jiyoung ^b   Kozlov, Mikhail E ^b   Fang, Shaoli ^b   Mirfakhrai, Tissaphern ^c   Madden, John D W ^c   Shin, Min Kyoon ^d   Kim, Seon Jeong ^d   Baughman, Ray H ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^d Hanyang University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON NANOTUBE; TETRABUTYLAMMONIUM;

BIOMECHANICS; CARBON; CONTRACTION; DESIGN METHOD; ELECTROCHEMICAL METHOD; ELECTROLYTE; FLUID MECHANICS; NANOTECHNOLOGY; ROTATION; TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT; TORSION;

ARTICLE; ELECTRODE; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; HAIR; INJECTION; MUSCLE; PIEZOELECTRICITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; ROTATION; TENSILE STRENGTH; TORSION; YARN;

EID: 80055088361     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1211220     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. D. Li et al., MRS Bull. 34, 671 (2009).
2. A. M. Fennimore et al., Nature 424, 408 (2003).
3. M. Zhang, K. R. Atkinson, R. H. Baughman, Science 306, 1358 (2004).
4. X. Zhang et al., Adv. Mater. 18, 1505 (2006).
5. Q. Li et al., Adv. Mater. 18, 3160 (2006).
6. L. Xiao et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 153108 (2008).
7. S. Zhang et al., J. Mater. Sci. 43, 4356 (2008).
8. Y. Nakayama, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 47, 8149 (2008).
9. See supporting material on Science Online.
10. J. N. Barisci, G. G. Wallace, D. Chattopadhyay, F. Papadimitrakopoulos, R. H. Baughman, J. Electrochem. Soc. 150, E409 (2003).
11. A. C. Keefe, G. P. Carman, Smart Mater. Struct. 9, 665 (2000).
12. J. Kim, B. Kang, Smart Mater. Struct. 10, 750 (2001).
13. Y. Fang, T. J. Pence, X. Tan, IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatron. 16, 656 (2011).
14. J. Hollerbach, I. W. Hunter, J. Ballantyne, in Robotics Review 2, O. Khatib, J. Craig, P. Lozano, Eds. (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991), pp. 301-345.
15. Y. Sowa, R. M. Berry, Q. Rev. Biophys. 41, 103 (2008).
16. J. D. W. Madden, Science 318, 1094 (2007).
17. B. E. Conway, Electrochemical Supercapacitors (Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York, 1999).
18. T. Mirfakhrai et al., Smart Mater. Struct. 16, S243 (2007).
19. Y. Yun et al., Nano Lett. 6, 689 (2006).
20. R. H. Baughman et al., Science 284, 1340 (1999).
21. M. Hughes, G. M. Spinks, Adv. Mater. 17, 443 (2005).
22. C. P. Chou, B. Hannaford, IEEE Trans. Robot. Autom. 12, 90 (1996).
23. K. K. Smith, W. M. Kier, Am. Sci. 77, 28 (1989).
24. R. H. Baughman, S. Stafström, C. Cui, S. O. Dantas, Science 279, 1522 (1998).
25. D. Trivedi, C. D. Rahn, W. M. Kier, I. D. Walker, Appl. Bionics Biomech. 5, 99 (2008).
26. M. D. Lima et al., Science 331, 51 (2011).
27. M. Miao, J. McDonnell, L. Vuckovic, S. C. Hawkins, Carbon 48, 2802 (2010).
28. P. W. Ruch, R. Kötz, A. Wokaun, Electrochim. Acta 54, 4451 (2009).
29. M. Ue, A. Murakami, S. Nakamura, J. Electrochem. Soc. 149, A1385 (2002).
30. H. Demirkoparan, T. J. Pence, J. Elast. 92, 61 (2008).