Seasonal and interannual variability of physical and biological dynamics at the shelfbreak front of the Middle Atlantic Bight: Nutrient supply mechanisms

Biogeosciences

Volumn 8, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 2935-2946

  He, R ^a   Chen, K ^a   Fennel, K ^b   Gawarkiewicz, G G ^c   McGillicuddy Jr , D J ^c  

^a NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADVECTION; ANNUAL VARIATION; BIOPHYSICS; NUMERICAL MODEL; NUTRIENT CYCLING; OCEANIC CIRCULATION; PHYTOPLANKTON; SATELLITE IMAGERY; SEASONAL VARIATION; SHELF BREAK; TRANSECT; WATER COLUMN; ZOOPLANKTON;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; MASSACHUSETTS; MIDDLE ATLANTIC BIGHT; NANTUCKET; UNITED STATES;

EID: 80054965170     PISSN: 17264170     EISSN: 17264189     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/bg-8-2935-2011     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Barth, J. A., Bogucki, D., Pierce, S. D., and Kosro, P. M.: Secondary circulation associated with a shelfbreak front, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2761-2764, 1998. (Pubitemid 29120593)
2. Bandstra, L., Hales, B., and Takahashi, T.: High-frequency measurements of total CO2: Method development and first oceano-graphic observations, Mar. Chem., 100, 24-38, 2006. (Pubitemid 43670516)
3. Beardsley, R. C. and Flagg, C. N.: The water structure, mean currents, and shelf/slope water front on the New England continental shelf, Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Liege 6, 209-225, 1976.
4. Chapman, D. C.: A Simple Model of the Formation and Maintenance of the Shelf/Slope Front in the Middle Atlantic Bight, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 16, 1273-1279, 1986.
5. Chapman, D. C.: Boundary Layer Control of Buoyant Coastal Currents and the Establishment of a Shelfbreak Front, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 2941-2955, 2000. (Pubitemid 32106629)
6. Chapman, D. C. and Beardsley, R. C.: On the origin of shelf water in the Middle Atlantic Bight, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 19, 384-391, 1989.
7. Chapman, D. C. and Lentz, S. J.: Trapping of a coastal density front by the bottom boundary layer, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 1464-1479, 1994.
8. Chen, K. and He, R.: Numerical Investigation of the Middle Atlantic Bight Shelfbreak Frontal Circulation Using a Highresolution Ocean Hindcast Model, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 40, 949-964, 2010.
9. Fairall, C. W., Bradley, E. F., Hare, J. E., Garchev, A. A., and Edson, J.: Bulk parameterization of air-sea fluxes: Updates and verification for the COARE algorithm, J. Clim., 16, 571-591, 2003. (Pubitemid 37164410)
10. Fennel, K., Wilkin, J., Levin, J., Moisan, J., O'Reilly, J., and Haid-vogel, D.: Nitrogen cycling in the Middle Atlantic Bight: Results from a three-dimensional model and implications for the North Atlantic nitrogen budget, J. Geophys. Res., 111 (C06003), doi:10.1029/2005JC003116, 2006. (Pubitemid 44768113)
11. 2 flux in the coastal ocean: Simulations for the Northwest North Atlantic, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L24608, doi:10.1029/ 2008GL036147, 2008.
12. Flather, R. A.: A tidal model of the northwest European continental shelf, Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Liege, 6(10), 141-164, 1976.
13. Gawarkiewicz, G. G. and Chapman, D. C.: The Role of Stratification in the Formation and Maintenance of Shelf-Break Fronts, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22(7), 753-772, 1992.
14. Gawarkiewicz, G., Bahr, F., Beardsley, R. C., and Brink, K. H.: Interaction of a slope eddy with the shelfbreak front in the Middle Atlantic Bight, J. Phys. Oceangr., 31(9), 2783-2796, 2001. (Pubitemid 32978677)
15. Gawarkiewicz, G., Shcherbina, A., Charette, M., and Graziano, L.: Frontal Upwelling and Nutrient Transport in the Shelfbreak Front of the Middle Atlantic Bight, in review, 2010.
16. Geider, R., MacIntyre, H., and Kana, T.: A dynamic regulatory model of phytoplanktonic acclimation to light, nutrients, and temperature, Limnol. Oceanogr., 43, 679-694, 1998. (Pubitemid 28382177)
17. Haidvogel, D. B., Arango, H., Budgell, W. P., Cornuelle, B. D., Cur-chitser, E., Di Lorenzo, E., Fennel, K., Geyer, W. R., Hermann, A. J., Lanerolle, L., Levin, J., McWilliams, J. C., Miller, A. J., Moore, A. M., Powell, T. M., Shchepetkin, A. F., Sherwood, C. R., Signell, R. P., Warner, J. C., and Wilkin, J.: Ocean forecasting in terrain-following coordinates: Formulation and skill assessment of the Regional Ocean Modeling System, J. Comput. Phys., 227, 7, 3595-3624, 2008.
18. Hales, B., Vaillancourt, R. D., Prieto, L., Marra, J., Houghton, R., and Hebert, D.: High-resolution surveys of the biogeochemistry of the New England shelfbreak front during summer, 2002, J. Marine Syst., 78, 426-441, 2009.
19. Harrison, W. G., Douglas, D., Falkowski, P., Rowe, G., and Vidal, J.: Summer nutrient dynamics of the Middle Atlantic Bight: nitrogen uptake and regeneration, J. Plankton Res., 5, 539-556, 1983.
20. He, R. and Wilkin, J. L.: Barotropic tides on the southeast New England shelf: A view from a hybrid data assimilative modeling approach, J. Geophys. Res., 111(C08002), doi:10.1029/2005JC003254, 2006.
21. He, R. and Chen, K.: Investigation of Northeastern North America Coastal Circulation Using a Regional Circulation Hindcast Model, Cont. Shelf Res., in review, 2008.
22. He, R., Chen, K., Moore, T., and Li, M.: Mesoscale variations of sea surface temperature and ocean color patterns at the Mid-Atlantic Bight shelfbreak, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L09607, doi:10.1029/2010GL042658, 2010.
23. Hopkinson, C. S.: Nutrient regeneration in shallow-water sediments of the estuarine plume region of the nearshore Georgia Bight, Mar. Biol., 94, 127-142, 1987.
24. Houghton, R. W.: Lagrangian flow at the foot of a shelfbreak front using a dye tracer injected into the bottom boundary layer, Geo-phys. Res. Lett., 24(16), 2305-2308, 1997.
25. Houghton, R. W. and Visbeck, M.: Upwelling and convergence in the Middle Atlantic Bight shelfbreak front, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25(15), 2765-2768, 1998. (Pubitemid 29120594)
26. Houghton, R. W., Schlitz, R., Beardsley, R. C., Butman, B., and Chamberlin, J. L.: The Middle Atlantic Bight cold pool: Evolution of the temperature structure during summer 1979, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 1019-1029, 1982.
27. Houghton, R. W., Vaillancourt, R. D., Marra, J., Hebert, D., and Hales, B.: Cross-shelf circulation and phytoplankton distribution at the summertime New England shelfbreak front, J. Mar. Syst., 78(3), 411-425, 2009.
28. Lehmann, M. K., Fennel, K., and He, R.: Statistical validation of a 3-D bio-physical model of the western North Atlantic, Biogeo-sciences, 6, 1961-1974, doi:10.5194/bg-6-1961-2009, 2009.
29. Lentz, S.: Observations and a model of the mean circulation of the Middle Atlantic Bight Continental shelf, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 38, 1203-1221, 2008.
30. Lima, I. D. and Doney, S. C.: A three-dimensional, mult-inutrient, and size-structured ecosystem model for the North Atlantic, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 18(GB3019), doi:10.1029/2003GB002146, 2004. (Pubitemid 39621749)
31. Linder, C. A. and Gawarkiewicz, G.: A climatology of the shelf-break front in the Middle Atlantic Bight, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 103, 18405-18424, 1998.
32. Linder, C. A., Gawarkiewicz, G. G., and Pickart, R. S.: Seasonal characteristics of bottom boundary layer detachment at the shelfbreak front in the Middle Atlantic Bight, J. Geophys. Res., 109(C03049), doi:10.1029/ 2003JC002032, 2004.
33. Lorder, J. W., Petrie, B., and Gawarkiewicz, G.: The coastal ocean off northeastern North America: A large-scale view, in The Sea, 105-133, Wiley, New York, 1998.
34. Luettich, R. A., Westerink, J. J., and Scheffner, N. W.: ADCIRC: An advanced three-dimensional circulation model for shelves, coast, and estuaries, Report 1. Theory and Methodology of ADCIRC-2DDI and ADCIRC-3DL., US Army Corps of Engineers Tech. Rep., DPR-92-6, 137 pp, 1992.
35. Marchesiello, P., McWilliams, J. C., and Shchepetkin, A. F.: Open boundary conditions for long-term integration of regional oceanic models, Ocean Model., 3, 1-20, 2001. (Pubitemid 33634115)
36. Marra, J., Houghton, R. W., Boardman, D. C., and Neale, P. J.: Variability in surface chlorophyll at a shelfbreak front, J. Mar. Res., 40(3), 575-591, 1982.
37. Marra, J., Houghton, R. W., and Christopher, G.: Phytoplankton growth at the shelf-break front in the Middle Atlantic Bight, J. Mar. Res., 48(4), 851-868, 1990.
38. Mellor, G. L. and Yamada, T.: Development of a Turbulence Closure Model for Geophysical Fluid Problems, Rev. Geophys. Space GE, 20, 851-875, 1982. (Pubitemid 13489369)
39. Miles, T. N., He, R., and Li, M.: Characterizing the South Atlantic Bight seasonal variability and cold water event in 2003 using a daily cloud free SST and chlorophyll analysis, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36(L02604), doi:10.1029/ 2008GL036396, 2009.
40. O'Reilly, J. E. and Zetlin, C.: Seasonal, horizontal, and vertical distribution of phytoplankton chlorophyll a in the northeast US continental shelf ecosystem, in NOAA Technical Report NMFS, 139 pp., US Department of Commerce, 1998.
41. Pickart, R. S.: Bottom boundary layer structure and detachment in the shelfbreak jet of the Middle Atlantic Bight, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 2668-2686, 2000. (Pubitemid 32106622)
42. Podestá, G. P., Browder, J. A., and Hoey, J. J.: Exploring the association between swordfish catch rates and thermal fronts on U.S. longline grounds in the western North Atlantic, Cont. Shelf Res., 13, 253-277, 1993. (Pubitemid 24407226)
43. Rowe, G. T., Clifford, C. H., Smith, K. L., and Hamilton, P. L.: Benthic nutrient regeneration and its coupling to primary productivity in coastal waters, Nature, 255, 215-217, 1975.
44. Rowe, G. T., Clifford, C. H., and Smith, K. L.: Nutrient regeneration in sediment off Cape Blanc, Spanish Sahara, Deep-Sea Res. Pt.I, 24, 57-63, 1977.
45. Ryan, J. P., Yorder, J. A., Barth, J. A., and Cornillon, P. C.: Chlorophyll enhancement and mixing associated with meanders of the shelf break front in the Mid-Atlantic Bight, J. Geophys. Res., 104(C10), 23479-23493, 1999a.
46. Ryan, J. P., Yorder, J. A., and Cornillon, P. C.: Enhanced chlorophyll at the shelfbreak of Mid-Atlantic Bight and Georges Bank during the spring transition, Limnol. Oceanogr., 44(1), 1-11, 1999b. (Pubitemid 29077764)
47. Ryan, J. P., Yorder, J. A., and Townsend, D. W.: Influence of a Gulf Stream warm-core ring on water mass and chlorophyll distributions along the southern flank of Georges Bank, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. 2, 48, 159-178, 2001. (Pubitemid 32039933)
48. Shchepetkin, A. F. and McWilliams, J. C.: The regional oceanic modeling system (ROMS): a split-explicit, free surface, topography-following-coordinate oceanic model, Ocean Model., 9, 347-404, 2005. (Pubitemid 40306754)
49. Sosik, H. M., Green,, R. E., Pegan, W. S., and Roesler, C. S.: Temporal and vertical variability in optical properties of New England shelf waters during late summer and spring, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 9455-9472, 2001.
50. Taylor, K. E.: Summarizing multiple aspects of model performance in a single diagram, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 106, 7183-7192, 2001.
51. Townsend, D. W. and Thomas, M.: Springtime nutrient and phyto-plankton dynamics on Georges Bank, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 228, 54-74, 2002.
52. Walsh, J. J., Whitledge, T. E., O'Reilly, J. E., Phoel, W. C., and Draxler, A. F.: Nitrogen cycling on Georges Bank and the New York Shelf: A comparison between well-mixed and seasonally stratified waters, in: Georges Bank, edited by: Backus, R. H. and Bourne, D. W., 234-246, The MIT Press, 1987.
53. Waring, G. T., Hamzaki, T., Sheehan, D., Wood, G., and Baker, S.: Characterization of Beaked Whale (Ziphiidae) and Sperm Whale (Physeter Macrocephalus) summer habitat in shelf-edge and deeper waters off the northeast U.S., Mar. Mammal Sci., 17, 703-717, 2001. (Pubitemid 33072569)
54. Yankovsky, A. E. and Chapman, D. C.: A Simple Theory for the Fate of Buoyant Coastal Discharges, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 1386-1401, 1997.
55. Yorder, J. A., Schollaert, S. E., and O'Reilly, J. E.: Climatological phytoplankton chlorophyll and sea surface temperature patterns in continental shelf and slope waters off the northeast U.S. coast, Limnol. Oceanogr., 47, 672-682, 2002. (Pubitemid 34527276)