The arab "youth quake": Implications on democratization and stability

Middle East Law and Governance

Volumn 3, Issue 1-2, 2011, Pages 159-170

  Al Momani, Mohammad ^a  

^a YARMOUK UNIVERSITY   (Jordan)

Author keywords

Arab Spring; Corruption; Economy; Police state; Social media; Youth

Indexed keywords

EID: 80054910152     PISSN: 18763367     EISSN: 18763375     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/187633711X591521     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Pew Research Center, "The Future of the Global Muslim Population," The Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life, 27 January 2011, http://pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east. aspx (accessed 14 June 2011).
2. "Survey of Arab NGO Laws," Global Trends in NGO Law 1, no. 4 (2010), http://www.icnl .org/knowledge/globaltrends/GloTrends1-4.htm (accessed 14 June 2011).
3. Karin Deutsch Karlekar, "Press Freedom in 2010: Signs of Change Amid Repression," Free dom House, May 2011, http://freedomhouse.org/images/ File/fop/2011/FOTP2011Overview Essay.pdf (accessed 14 June 2011).
4. Sudarsan Raghavan, "In Tunisia, Luxurious Lifestyles of a Corrupt Government," The Washington Post, 28 January 2011, http://www. washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/28/AR2011012801921.html (accessed 14 June 2011).
5. Mark Almond, "How Revolutions Happen: Patterns from Iran to Egypt," BBC News, 14 February 2011, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle- east-12431231 (accessed 14 June 2011).
6. The World Factbook 2009 (Washington, DC: Central Intelligence Agency, 2009).
7. Dubai School of Government, "Mapping Facebook," Arab Social Media Report 2 (2011), http://www.dsg.ae/NEWSANDEVENTS/UpcomingEvents/ ASMRMappingFacebook Overview2.aspx (accessed 14 June 2011).
8. "A Secure Europe in a Better World," European Security Strategy, 12 December 2003, www .consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cmsUpload/78367.pdf (accessed 14 June 2011).
9. David Kirkpatrick, "Muslims and Coptic Christians Clash Again in Egypt," New York Times, 15 May 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/16/ world/middleeast/16egypt .htmlhpw (accessed 14 June 2011).
10. Kristin Diwan, "The Dire Consequences of Saudi Intervention in Bahrain," CNN World, 21 March 2011, http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn. com/2011/03/21/the-dire-consequences-of-the-saudi-intervention-in-bahrain/ (accessed 14 June 2011).
11. "Update No 24: Humanitarian Situation in Libya and the Neighbouring Countries," The UN Refugee Agency, 10 May 2011, http://www.unhcr.org/ 4dca43ff 9.html (accessed 14 June 2011).
12. "Libyan Fighters Stray Across Tunisian Border," Al Jazeera, 29 April 2011, http://english .aljazeera.net/news/africa/2011/04/ 201142913939803426.html (accessed 14 June 2011).
13. Kirkpatrick, "Muslims and Coptic Christians."
14. Joshua Landis, "What Will a Post Assad Syria Look Like" Syria Comment, 12 May 2011, http://www.joshualandis.com/blog/p=9752 (accessed 14 June 2011).
15. Paul Salem, "The Crisis in Syria Shakes the Levant," Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 13 May 2011, http://www.carnegieendowment. org/publications/fa=view&id=43972 (accessed 14 June 2011).
16. Marina Ottaway, "Bahrain: Between the United States and Saudi Arabia," Carnegie Middle East Center,4 April 2011, http://www.carnegie-mec. org/publications/fa=43416&lang=en&z oom-highlight=bahrain# (accessed 14 June 2011).
17. David Kirkpatrick and Dina Saleh Amer, "Egypt's Economy Slows to a Crawl, Revolt is Tested," New York Times, 9 June 2011, http://www.nytimes. com/2011/06/10/world/middleeast/10egypt.html-r=1 (accessed 14 June 2011).
18. "Arab Spring Divides Middle East Economies into Winners, Losers," gantdaily.com , 11 April 2011,http://gantdaily.com/2011/04/11/ arab-spring-divides-middle-east-economies-into-winners-losers/(accessed 14 June 2011).
19. Martina Fuchs, "Gulf States Boost Spending in Hope of Calming Unrest," Reuters Canada, 5 June 2011, http://ca.reuters.com/article/ topNews/idCATRE7541SX20110605sp=true (accessed 14 June 2011).
20. Peter Townson, "Doha Debates Backs People Power for Govt Reforms," Gulf Times, 31 May2011, http://www.gulf-times.com/site/topics/ article.aspcu-no=2&item-no=438047&version =1&template-id= 36&parent-id=16 (accessed 14 June 2011).
21. Javier Solana, "Push Ahead Now for a Solution in Palestine," Brookings Institute, 9 March 2011, http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0309- solution-palestine-solana.aspx (accessed 14 June 2011).
22. Jack Goldstone, "Understanding the Revolutions of 2011: Weakness and Resilience in Middle Eastern Autocracies," Foreign Affairs 90, no. 3 (2011), available online at Kajian Interna-sional Strategis, http://kainsa.wordpress.com/2011/06/08/understanding-the-revolutions-of-2011- weakness-and-resilience-in-middle-eastern-autocracies/(accessed 14 June 2011).
23. "Arabs Don't Believe Revolutions Will Spawn New Dictators," The Doha Debates, 22 February 2011, http://www.thedohadebates.com/news/item.aspn= 12222 (accessed 14 June 2011)