Does N ratio affect survival in D1 and D2 lymph node dissection for gastric cancer?

World Journal of Gastroenterology

Volumn 17, Issue 35, 2011, Pages 4007-4012

  Sakcak, Ibrahim ^a   Yildiz, Bariş Doǧu ^a   Avşar, Fatih Mehmet ^a,b   Akturan, Saadet ^c   Kilic, Kemal ^b   Cosgun, Erdal ^d   Hamamci, Enver O ^a  

^a Numune Teaching and Research Hospital   (Turkey)

^b KAFKAS UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^c Etlik Teaching and Research Hospital ^*  (Turkey)

^d HACETTEPE UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

Gastric cancer; Lymph node dissection; Node ratio; Tumor nodule metastasis

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURGERY; CANCER SURVIVAL; FEMALE; HUMAN; KAPLAN MEIER METHOD; LYMPH NODE DISSECTION; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PROGNOSIS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; STOMACH CANCER; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 80054853870     PISSN: 10079327     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i35.4007     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Greene FL. TNM staging for malignancies of the digestive tract: 2003 changes and beyond. Semin Surg Oncol 2003; 21: 23-29
2. Sayegh ME, Sano T, Dexter S, Katai H, Fukagawa T, Sasako M. TNM and Japanese staging systems for gastric cancer: how do they coexist? Gastric Cancer 2004; 7: 140-148
3. Bouvier AM, Haas O, Piard F, Roignot P, Bonithon-Kopp C, Faivre J. How many nodes must be examined to accurately stage gastric carcinomas? Results from a population based study. Cancer 2002; 94: 2862-2866
4. Coburn NG, Swallow CJ, Kiss A, Law C. Significant regional variation in adequacy of lymph node assessment and survival in gastric cancer. Cancer 2006; 107: 2143-2151
5. Mullaney PJ, Wadley MS, Hyde C, Wyatt J, Lawrence G, Hallissey MT, Fielding JW. Appraisal of compliance with the UICC/AJCC staging system in the staging of gastric cancer. Union Internacional Contra la Cancrum/American Joint Committee on Cancer. Br J Surg 2002; 89: 1405-1408
6. Bonenkamp JJ, Hermans J, Sasako M, van de Velde CJ, Welvaart K, Songun I, Meyer S, Plukker JT, Van Elk P, Obertop H, Gouma DJ, van Lanschot JJ, Taat CW, de Graaf PW, von Meyenfeldt MF, Tilanus H. Extended lymph-node dissection for gastric cancer. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 908-914
7. Cuschieri A, Fayers P, Fielding J, Craven J, Bancewicz J, Joypaul V, Cook P. Postoperative morbidity and mortality after D1 and D2 resections for gastric cancer: preliminary results of the MRC randomised controlled surgical trial. The Surgical Cooperative Group. Lancet 1996; 347: 995-999
8. Wanebo HJ, Kennedy BJ, Chmiel J, Steele G, Winchester D, Osteen R. Cancer of the stomach: a patient care evaluation study by the American College of Surgeons. Ann Surg 1993; 218: 583-592
9. Hundahl SA, Macdonald JS, Benedetti J, Fitzsimmons T. Surgical treatment variation in a prospective, randomized trial of chemoradiotherapy in gastric cancer: the effect of undertreatment. Ann Surg Oncol 2002; 9: 278-286
10. Huang CM, Lin JX, Zheng CH, Li P, Xie JW, Lin BJ, Wang JB. Prognostic impact of metastatic lymph node ratio on gastric cancer after curative distal gastrectomy. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16: 2055-2060
11. Nitti D, Marchet A, Olivieri M, Ambrosi A, Mencarelli R, Belluco C, Lise M. Ratio between metastatic and examined lymph nodes is an independent prognostic factor after D2 resection for gastric cancer: analysis of a large European monoinstitutional experience. Ann Surg Oncol 2003; 10: 1077-108512
12. Sianesi M, Bezer L, Del Rio P, Dell'Abate P, Iapichino G, Soliani P, Tacci S. The node ratio as prognostic factor after curative resection for gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2010; 14: 614-619
13. de Manzoni G, Verlato G, Roviello F, Morgagni P, Di Leo A, Saragoni L, Marrelli D, Kurihara H, Pasini F. The new TNM classification of lymph node metastasis minimises stage migration problems in gastric cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2002; 87: 171-174
14. Bunt AM, Hermans J, Smit VT, van de Velde CJ, Fleuren GJ, Bruijn JA. Surgical/pathologic-stage migration confounds comparisons of gastric cancer survival rates between Japan and Western countries. J Clin Oncol 1995; 13: 19-25
15. Bando E, Yonemura Y, Taniguchi K, Fushida S, Fujimura T, Miwa K. Outcome of ratio of lymph node metastasis in gastric carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2002; 9: 775-784
16. Kajitani T. The general rules for the gastric cancer study in surgery and pathology. Part I. Clinical classification. Jpn J Surg 1981; 11: 127-139
17. Therneau TM, Grambsh, PM, Flemming TR. Martingale based residuals for survival models. Biometrika 1990; 77: 147-160
18. Sun Z, Zhu GL, Lu C, Guo PT, Huang BJ, Li K, Xu Y, Li DM, Wang ZN, Xu HM. The impact of N-ratio in minimizing stage migration phenomenon in gastric cancer patients with insufficient number or level of lymph node retrieved: results from a Chinese mono-institutional study in 2159 patients. Ann Oncol 2009; 20: 897-905
19. Okusa T, Nakane Y, Boku T, Takada H, Yamamura M, Hioki K, Yamamoto M. Quantitative analysis of nodal involvement with respect to survival rate after curative gastrectomy for carcinoma. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1990; 170: 488-494
20. Bilici A, Ustaalioglu BB, Gumus M, Seker M, Yilmaz B, Kefeli U, Yildirim E, Sonmez B, Salepci T, Kement M, Mayadagli A. Is metastatic lymph node ratio superior to the number of metastatic lymph nodes to assess outcome and survival of gastric cancer? Onkologie 2010; 33: 101-105
21. Pedrazzani C, Sivins A, Ancans G, Marrelli D, Corso G, Krumins V, Roviello F, Leja M. Ratio between metastatic and examined lymph nodes (N ratio) may have low clinical utility in gastric cancer patients treated by limited lymphadenectomy: results from a single-center experience of 526 patients. World J Surg 2010; 34: 85-91
22. Marchet A, Mocellin S, Ambrosi A, Morgagni P, Garcea D, Marrelli D, Roviello F, de Manzoni G, Minicozzi A, Natalini G, De Santis F, Baiocchi L, Coniglio A, Nitti D. The ratio between metastatic and examined lymph nodes (N ratio) is an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer regardless of the type of lymphadenectomy: results from an Italian multicentric study in 1853 patients. Ann Surg 2007; 245: 543-552
23. Estes NC, MacDonald JS, Touijer K, Benedetti J, Jacobson J. Inadequate documentation and resection for gastric cancer in the United States: a preliminary report. Am Surg 1998; 64: 680-685
24. Maduekwe UN, Lauwers GY, Fernandez-Del-Castillo C, Berger DL, Ferguson CM, Rattner DW, Yoon SS. New metastatic lymph node ratio system reduces stage migration in patients undergoing D1 lymphadenectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17: 1267-1277
25. Karpeh MS, Leon L, Klimstra D, Brennan MF. Lymph node staging in gastric cancer: is location more important than Number? An analysis of 1,038 patients. Ann Surg 2000; 232: 362-371
26. Bozzetti F, Marubini E, Bonfanti G, Miceli R, Piano C, Crose N, Gennari L. Total versus subtotal gastrectomy: surgical morbidity and mortality rates in a multicenter Italian randomized trial. The Italian Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group. Ann Surg 1997; 226: 613-620