메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 485-510

Question answering

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NATURAL LANGUAGES; QUESTION ANSWERING;

EID: 80054711883     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (4)

References (91)
  • 2
    • 2942745408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PIQASso 2002
    • November, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards Technology
    • Attardi, G., A. Cisternino, F. Formica, M. Simi, and A. Tommasi (2002, November). PIQASso 2002.Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards Technology.
    • (2002) Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference
    • Attardi, G.1    Cisternino, A.2    Formica, F.3    Simi, M.4    Tommasi, A.5
  • 7
    • 1642280435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A sys called quanda
    • November, Volume 500-246 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD, National Institutes of Standards and Technology
    • Breck, E., J. Burger, L. Ferro, D. House, M. Light, and I. Mani (1999, November). A sys called quanda.Eighth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-246 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD, pp. 369-377. National Institutes of Standards and Technology.
    • (1999) Eighth Text REtrieval Conference , pp. 369-377
    • Breck, E.1    Burger, J.2    Ferro, L.3    House, D.4    Light, M.5    Mani, I.6
  • 8
    • 0038105095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data-intensive question answering
    • November, Volume 500-250 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Brill, E., J. Lin, M. Banko, and S. Dumais (2001, November). Data-intensive question answering. Tenth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-250 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2001) Tenth Text REtrieval Conference
    • Brill, E.1    Lin, J.2    Banko, M.3    Dumais, S.4
  • 9
    • 8644242841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SHAPAQA: Shallow Parsing for Question Answering in the World Wide Web
    • September, (RANLP), Tzigov Chark, Bulgary
    • Buchholz, S. and W. Daelemans (2001, September). SHAPAQA: Shallow Parsing for Question Answering in the World Wide Web. In Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing (RANLP), Tzigov Chark, Bulgary.
    • (2001) Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing
    • Buchholz, S.1    Daelemans, W.2
  • 14
    • 35048837306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multi-strategy and multi-source approach to question answering
    • November, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Chu-Carroll, J., J. Prager, C. Welty, K. Czuba, and D. Ferrucci (2002, November). A multi-strategy and multi-source approach to question answering. Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2002) Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference
    • Chu-Carroll, J.1    Prager, J.2    Welty, C.3    Czuba, K.4    Ferrucci, D.5
  • 15
    • 8644256859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical selection of exact answers (MultiText Experiments for TREC 2002)
    • November, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Clarke, C. L., G. V. Cormack, G. Kemkes, M. Laszlo, T. R. Lynam, E. L. Terra, and P. L. Tilker (2002, November). Statistical selection of exact answers (MultiText Experiments for TREC 2002). Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2002) Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference
    • Clarke, C.L.1    Cormack, G.V.2    Kemkes, G.3    Laszlo, M.4    Lynam, T.R.5    Terra, E.L.6    Tilker, P.L.7
  • 18
    • 85100159481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DUC 2005: Evaluation of question-focused summarization systems
    • Sydney, Australia, Association for Computational Linguistics
    • Dang, H. T. (2006). DUC 2005: Evaluation of question-focused summarization systems. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Task-Focused Summarization and Question Answering, Sydney, Australia, pp. 48-55. Association for Computational Linguistics.
    • (2006) Proceedings of the Workshop on Task-Focused Summarization and Question Answering , pp. 48-55
    • Dang, H.T.1
  • 19
    • 84859918212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Searching questions by identifying question topic and question focus
    • June, Columbus, OH, Association for Computational Linguistics
    • Duan, H., Y. Cao, C.-Y. Lin, and Y. Yu (2008, June). Searching questions by identifying question topic and question focus. In Proceedings of ACL-08: HLT, Columbus, OH, pp. 156-164. Association for Computational Linguistics.
    • (2008) Proceedings of ACL-08: HLT , pp. 156-164
    • Duan, H.1    Cao, Y.2    Lin, C.-Y.3    Yu, Y.4
  • 20
    • 37249023069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The negative effect of machine translation on cross-lingual question answering
    • Ferrández, S. and A. Ferrández (2007). The negative effect of machine translation on cross-lingual question answering. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4394, 494.
    • (2007) Lecture Notes in Computer Science , vol.4394 , pp. 494
    • Ferrández, S.1    Ferrández, A.2
  • 23
    • 38149059524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QALC-The question answering system of LIMSI-CNRS
    • November, Volume 500-249 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD, National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Ferret, O., B. Grau, M. Hurault-Plantet, G. Illouz, C. Jacquemin, and N. Masson (2000, November). QALC-The question answering system of LIMSI-CNRS. Ninth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-249 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD, pp. 325-334. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2000) Ninth Text REtrieval Conference , pp. 325-334
    • Ferret, O.1    Grau, B.2    Hurault-Plantet, M.3    Illouz, G.4    Jacquemin, C.5    Masson, N.6
  • 24
    • 0009461011 scopus 로고
    • Theorem-proving by resolution as a basis for question-answering systems
    • B. Meltzer and D. Michie (Eds.), Volume 4, Chapter 11, Edinburgh University Press, Scotland, U.K
    • Green, C. (1969). Theorem-proving by resolution as a basis for question-answering systems. In B. Meltzer and D. Michie (Eds.), Machine Intelligence, Volume 4, Chapter 11, pp. 183-205. Edinburgh University Press, Scotland, U.K.
    • (1969) Machine Intelligence , pp. 183-205
    • Green, C.1
  • 26
    • 35048813228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The University of Sheffield TREC 2002 Q&A System
    • November, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Greenwood, M., I. Roberts, and R. Gaizauskas (2002, November). The University of Sheffield TREC 2002 Q&A System. Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2002) Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference
    • Greenwood, M.1    Roberts, I.2    Gaizauskas, R.3
  • 29
    • 0038758566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FALCON: Boosting knowledge for answer engines
    • November, Volume 500-249 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD, National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Harabagiu, S., D. Moldovan, M. Pasca, R. Mihalcea, M. Surdeanu, R. Bunescu, R. Gîrju, V. Rus, and P. Morarescu (2000, November). FALCON: Boosting knowledge for answer engines. Ninth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-249 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. pp. 479-488. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2000) Ninth Text REtrieval Conference , pp. 479-488
    • Harabagiu, S.1    Moldovan, D.2    Pasca, M.3    Mihalcea, R.4    Surdeanu, M.5    Bunescu, R.6    Gîrju, R.7    Rus, V.8    Morarescu, P.9
  • 30
    • 33645963554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural language based reformulation resource and wide exploitation for question answering
    • November, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Hermjacob, U., A. Echihabi, and D. Marcu (2002, November). Natural language based reformulation resource and wide exploitation for question answering. Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2002) Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference
    • Hermjacob, U.1    Echihabi, A.2    Marcu, D.3
  • 33
    • 1642342167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Question answering in webclopedia
    • November, Volume 500-249 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD, National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Hovy, E., L. Gerber, U. Hermjacob, M. Junk, and C. Lin (2000, November). Question answering in webclopedia. Ninth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-249 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD, pp. 655-664. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2000) Ninth Text REtrieval Conference , pp. 655-664
    • Hovy, E.1    Gerber, L.2    Hermjacob, U.3    Junk, M.4    Lin, C.5
  • 37
    • 0004286770 scopus 로고
    • From Discourse to Logic: Introduction to Model-Theoretic Semantics of Natural Language, Formal Logic and Discourse Representation Theory
    • New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Kamp, H. and U. Reyle (1993). From Discourse to Logic: Introduction to Model-Theoretic Semantics of Natural Language, Formal Logic and Discourse Representation Theory, Volume 42 of Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy. New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1993) Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy. , vol.42
    • Kamp, H.1    Reyle, U.2
  • 38
    • 70349245905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of the fifth NTCIR workshop
    • 2005, Tokyo, Japan
    • Kando, N. (2005). Overview of the fifth NTCIR workshop. In Proceedings NTCIR 2005, Tokyo, Japan.
    • (2005) Proceedings NTCIR
    • Kando, N.1
  • 41
    • 0038222257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SiteQ: Engineering high performance QA system using lexico-semantic pattern matching and shallow NLP
    • November, Volume 500-250 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Lee, G., J. Seo, S. Lee, H. Jung, B. Cho, C. Lee, B. Kwak, J. Cha, D. Kim, J. An, H. Kim, and K. Kim (2001, November). SiteQ: Engineering high performance QA system using lexico-semantic pattern matching and shallow NLP. Tenth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-250 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2001) Tenth Text REtrieval Conference
    • Lee, G.1    Seo, J.2    Lee, S.3    Jung, H.4    Cho, B.5    Lee, C.6    Kwak, B.7    Cha, J.8    Kim, D.9    An, J.10    Kim, H.11    Kim, K.12
  • 43
    • 85054455558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QED: The Edinburgh TREC-2003 question answering system
    • E. M. Voorhees and L. P. Buckland (Eds.), 2003, Gaitersburg, MD, Number 500-255 in NIST Special Publication. NIST
    • Leidner, J. L., J. Bos, T. Dalmas, J. R. Curran, S. Clark, C. J. Bannard, B. Webber, and M. Steedman (2003). QED: The Edinburgh TREC-2003 question answering system. In E. M. Voorhees and L. P. Buckland (Eds.), Proceedings of the TREC 2003, Gaitersburg, MD, Number 500-255 in NIST Special Publication. NIST.
    • (2003) Proceedings of the TREC
    • Leidner, J.L.1    Bos, J.2    Dalmas, T.3    Curran, J.R.4    Clark, S.5    Bannard, C.J.6    Webber, B.7    Steedman, M.8
  • 44
    • 1542370072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning question classifiers
    • Taipei, Taiwan
    • Li, X. and D. Roth (2002). Learning question classifiers. Proceedings of the COLING 02, Taipei, Taiwan, pp. 556-562.
    • (2002) Proceedings of the COLING , vol.2 , pp. 556-562
    • Li, X.1    Roth, D.2
  • 45
    • 33746393719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning question classifiers: The role of semantic information
    • Li, X. and D. Roth (2006). Learning question classifiers: The role of semantic information. Journal of Natural Language Engineering 12(3), 229-249.
    • (2006) Journal of Natural Language Engineering , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 229-249
    • Li, X.1    Roth, D.2
  • 46
    • 85028560436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The web as a resource for question answering: Perspectives and challenges
    • 2002, Las Palmas, Spain
    • Lin, J. (2002). The web as a resource for question answering: Perspectives and challenges. In Proceedings of the LREC 2002, Las Palmas, Spain, pp. 2120-2127
    • (2002) Proceedings of the LREC , pp. 2120-2127
    • Lin, J.1
  • 47
    • 84992162860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of inference rules for question-answering
    • Lin, D. and P. Pantel (2001). Discovery of inference rules for question-answering. Natural Language Engineering 7(4), 343-360.
    • (2001) Natural Language Engineering , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 343-360
    • Lin, D.1    Pantel, P.2
  • 48
    • 2942704826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracting answers from the web using data annotation and knowledge mining techniques
    • November, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Lin, J., A. Fernandes, B. Katz, G. Marton, and S. Tellex (2002, November). Extracting answers from the web using data annotation and knowledge mining techniques. Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2002) Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference
    • Lin, J.1    Fernandes, A.2    Katz, B.3    Marton, G.4    Tellex, S.5
  • 49
    • 26444505896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Syntactic clues and lexical resources in question answering
    • November, Gaitherburg, MD
    • Litkowski, K. (2000, November). Syntactic clues and lexical resources in question answering. Ninth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500, Gaitherburg, MD, pp. 157-168.
    • (2000) Ninth Text REtrieval Conference , vol.500 , pp. 157-168
    • Litkowski, K.1
  • 50
    • 2942702887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Question answering using XML-tagged documents
    • November, Gaitherburg, MD, (TREC-11 (2002))
    • Litkowski, K. (2002, November). Question answering using XML-tagged documents. See The Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, Gaitherburg, MD, (TREC-11 (2002)).
    • (2002) See The Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference
    • Litkowski, K.1
  • 53
    • 84976702763 scopus 로고
    • Wordnet: A lexical database for english
    • 38(11)
    • Miller, G. (1995). Wordnet: A lexical database for english. In Communications of the ACM 38(11), pp. 39-41
    • (1995) Communications of the ACM , pp. 39-41
    • Miller, G.1
  • 55
    • 85118726934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COGEX: A logic prover for question answering
    • 2003, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
    • Moldovan, D., C. Clark, S. Harabagiu, and S. Maiorano (2003). COGEX: A logic prover for question answering. In Proceedings of the HLT-NAACL 2003, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, pp. 166-172
    • (2003) Proceedings of the HLT-NAACL , pp. 166-172
    • Moldovan, D.1    Clark, C.2    Harabagiu, S.3    Maiorano, S.4
  • 56
    • 0344583344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LASSO: A tool for surfing the answer net
    • November, Volume 500-246 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD, National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Moldovan, D., S. Harabagiu, M. Pasca, R. Mihalcea, R. Goodrum, R. Gîrju, and V. Rus (1999, November). LASSO: A tool for surfing the answer net. Eighth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-246 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD, pp. 175-184. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (1999) Eighth Text REtrieval Conference , pp. 175-184
    • Moldovan, D.1    Harabagiu, S.2    Pasca, M.3    Mihalcea, R.4    Goodrum, R.5    Gîrju, R.6    Rus, V.7
  • 57
    • 2442589044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance issues and error analysis in an open-domain question answering system
    • April
    • Moldovan, D., M. Pasca, S. Harabagiu, and M. Surdeanu (2003, April). Performance issues and error analysis in an open-domain question answering system. ACM Transactions on Information Systems 21(2), 133-154.
    • (2003) ACM Transactions on Information Systems , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 133-154
    • Moldovan, D.1    Pasca, M.2    Harabagiu, S.3    Surdeanu, M.4
  • 58
    • 84906977577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Answerfinder in TREC 2003
    • November, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Mollá, D. (2004, November). Answerfinder in TREC 2003. Twelth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2004) Twelth Text REtrieval Conference
    • Mollá, D.1
  • 60
    • 84870549549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Answerfinder-Question answering by combining lexical, syntactic and semantic information
    • A. Asudeh, C. Paris, and S. Wan (Eds.), 2004, Sydney, Australia, Macquarie University
    • Mollá, D. and M. Gardiner (2004). Answerfinder-Question answering by combining lexical, syntactic and semantic information. In A. Asudeh, C. Paris, and S. Wan (Eds.), Proceedings of the ALTW 2004, Sydney, Australia, pp. 9-16. Macquarie University.
    • (2004) Proceedings of the ALTW , pp. 9-16
    • Mollá, D.1    Gardiner, M.2
  • 61
    • 34047153313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Question answering in restricted domains: An overview
    • Mollá, D. and J. L. Vicedo (2007). Question answering in restricted domains: An overview. Computational Linguistics 33(1), 41-61.
    • (2007) Computational Linguistics , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-61
    • Mollá, D.1    Vicedo, J.L.2
  • 62
    • 85054457744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macquarie university at duc 2006: Question answering for summarisation
    • Sydney, Australia
    • Mollá, D. and S. Wan (2006). Macquarie university at duc 2006: Question answering for summarisation. In Proceedings DUC, Sydney, Australia.
    • (2006) Proceedings DUC
    • Mollá, D.1    Wan, S.2
  • 65
    • 2942749168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TREC-8 experiments at Maryland: CLIR, QA and routing
    • November, Volume 500-246 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD, National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Oard, D. W., J. Wang, D. Lin, and I. Soboroff (1999, November). TREC-8 experiments at Maryland: CLIR, QA and routing. Eighth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-246 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD, pp. 623-636. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (1999) Eighth Text REtrieval Conference , pp. 623-636
    • Oard, D.W.1    Wang, J.2    Lin, D.3    Soboroff, I.4
  • 69
    • 85054437494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Workshop of Cross -Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF - 2008), Aarhus, Denmark
    • Sacaleanu, B., G. Neumann, and C. Spurk (2008). DFKI at QA@CLEF 2008. Workshop of Cross -Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF - 2008), Aarhus, Denmark.
    • (2008) DFKI at QA@CLEF 2008
    • Sacaleanu, B.1    Neumann, G.2    Spurk, C.3
  • 70
    • 33645963733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring syntactic relation patterns for question answering
    • R. Dale, K. -F. Wong, J. Su, and O. Y. Kwong (Eds.), Jeju Island, Korea, October 11-13, 2005. Proceedings. Springer-Verlag
    • Shen, D., G.-J. M. Kruijff, and D. Klakow (2005). Exploring syntactic relation patterns for question answering. In R. Dale, K. -F. Wong, J. Su, and O. Y. Kwong (Eds.), Natural Language Processing IJCNLP 2005: Second International Joint Conference, Jeju Island, Korea, October 11-13, 2005. Proceedings. Springer-Verlag.
    • (2005) Natural Language Processing IJCNLP 2005: Second International Joint Conference
    • Shen, D.1    Kruijff, G.-J.M.2    Klakow, D.3
  • 71
    • 22344442025 scopus 로고
    • Answering english questions: A Survey
    • Simmons, R. F. (1965). Answering english questions: A Survey. Communications of the ACM 1(8), 53-70.
    • (1965) Communications of the ACM , vol.1 , Issue.8 , pp. 53-70
    • Simmons, R.F.1
  • 72
    • 26444447952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of patterns for detection of likely answer strings: A systematic approach
    • November, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Soubbotin, M. and S. Soubbotin (2002, November). Use of patterns for detection of likely answer strings: A systematic approach. Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2002) Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference
    • Soubbotin, M.1    Soubbotin, S.2
  • 74
    • 33749619991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploiting linguistic indices and syntactic structures for multilingual question answering: ITC-irst at CLEF 2005
    • Toronto, Canada
    • Tanev, H., M. Kouylekov, B. Magnini, M. Negri, and K. Simov (2006). Exploiting linguistic indices and syntactic structures for multilingual question answering: ITC-irst at CLEF 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4022, Toronto, Canada 390.
    • (2006) Lecture Notes in Computer Science , vol.4022 , pp. 390
    • Tanev, H.1    Kouylekov, M.2    Magnini, B.3    Negri, M.4    Simov, K.5
  • 76
    • 0002541028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eighth Text REtrieval Conference
    • November, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • TREC-8 (1999, November). Eighth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-246 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (1999) Volume 500-246 of NIST Special Publication
  • 77
    • 0002541028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ninth Text REtrieval Conference
    • November, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • TREC-9(2000, November). Ninth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume500-249 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2000) Volume500-249 of NIST Special Publication
  • 78
    • 0002541028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tenth Text REtrieval Conference
    • November, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • TREC-10 (2001, November). Tenth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-250 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2001) Volume 500-250 of NIST Special Publication
  • 79
    • 0002541028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference
    • November, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • TREC-11 (2002, November). Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2002) Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication
  • 80
    • 0002541028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twelfth Text REtrieval Conference
    • November, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • TREC-12 (2004, November). Twelfth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-255 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2004) Volume 500-255 of NIST Special Publication
  • 83
    • 35048894944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • May, PhD thesis, Departament of Languages and Information Systems. University of Alicante, Ctra. de San Vicente s/n. 03080 Alicante. España
    • Vicedo, J. L. (2002, May). SEMQA: A semantic model applied to question answering systems. PhD thesis, Departament of Languages and Information Systems. University of Alicante, Ctra. de San Vicente s/n. 03080 Alicante. España.
    • (2002) SEMQA: A semantic model applied to question answering systems
    • Vicedo, J.L.1
  • 84
    • 0041024111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of the TREC 2001 question answering track
    • Volume 500-250 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Voorhees, E. M. (2001a, November). Overview of the TREC 2001 question answering track. Tenth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-250 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2001) Tenth Text REtrieval Conference
    • Voorhees, E.M.1
  • 85
    • 44649095044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The TREC question answering track
    • Voorhees, E. M. (2001b). The TREC question answering track. Natural Language Engineering 7(4), 361-378.
    • (2001) Natural Language Engineering , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 361-378
    • Voorhees, E.M.1
  • 86
    • 24644514267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of the TREC 2003 question answering Track
    • November, Volume 500-255 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Voorhees, E. M. (2004, November). Overview of the TREC 2003 question answering Track. Twelth Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-255 of NIST Special Publications, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2004) Twelth Text REtrieval Conference
    • Voorhees, E.M.1
  • 88
    • 84982470449 scopus 로고
    • Progress in natural language understanding-An application to lunar geology
    • New York
    • Woods, W. (1971). Progress in natural language understanding-An application to lunar geology. In AFIPS Conference, New York, pp. 441-450
    • (1971) AFIPS Conference , pp. 441-450
    • Woods, W.1
  • 90
    • 43749087956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The integration of lexical knowledge and external resources for question answering
    • November, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology
    • Yang, H. and T.-S. Chua (2002, November). The integration of lexical knowledge and external resources for question answering. Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, Volume 500-251 of NIST Special Publication, Gaithersburg, MD. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
    • (2002) Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference
    • Yang, H.1    Chua, T.-S.2
  • 91
    • 1542377488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Question classification using support vector machines
    • New York. ACM
    • Zhang, D. and S. S. Lee (2003). Question classification using support vector machines. In Proceedings of the SIGIR 03, New York. ACM.
    • (2003) Proceedings of the SIGIR , pp. 3
    • Zhang, D.1    Lee, S.S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.