Effects of a catalytic volatile particle remover (VPR) on the particulate matter emissions from a direct injection spark ignition engine

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 45, Issue 20, 2011, Pages 9036-9043

  Xu, Fan ^a   Chen, Longfei ^a   Stone, Richard ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT; DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTERS; DIRECT INJECTION SPARK IGNITION ENGINES; EU LEGISLATION; EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES; FINE PARTICLES; GASOLINE ENGINES; HUMAN HEALTH; NUCLEATION MODES; OXIDATION CATALYSTS; PARTICLE EMISSIONS; PARTICLE NUMBER EMISSION; PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSIONS; RESIDENCE TIME; SIZE-RESOLVED PARTICLES; SMALL SIZE PARTICLES; THREE WAY CATALYSTS;

CATALYSTS; CATALYTIC OXIDATION; DIESEL ENGINES; DIRECT INJECTION; ELECTRIC SPARKS; ENGINES; OXIDATION; PARTICULATE EMISSIONS;

PARTICLES (PARTICULATE MATTER);

ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; CATALYSIS; CATALYST; DIESEL ENGINE; ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION; EUROPEAN UNION; EXHAUST EMISSION; EXPERIMENTAL STUDY; OXIDATION; PARTICLE SIZE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PUBLIC HEALTH; RESEARCH WORK; RESIDENCE TIME;

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL; ARTICLE; EUROPEAN UNION; MACHINE; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; OXIDATION; PARTICLE SIZE; PARTICULATE MATTER; VOLATILE PARTICLE REMOVER;

CATALYSIS; PARTICULATE MATTER; VEHICLE EMISSIONS; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS;

EID: 80054690081     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: 15205851     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es2008209     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Kittelson, D. B. Engines and Nanoparticles: A Review J. Aerosol Sci. 1998, 29 (5/6) 575-588
2. Maricq, M. M.; Posdiadlik, D. H.; Chase, R. E. Gasoline Vehicle Particle Size Distribution: Comparison of Steady State, FTP and US06 Measurements Environ. Sci. Technol. 1999, 33, 2007-2015
3. Kasper, A.; Burtscher, H.; Johnson, J. P.; Kittelson, D. B.; Watts, W. F.; Baltensperger, U.;; Weingartner, E. Particle Emissions from SI-Engines During Steady State and Transient Operation Conditions; SAE paper 2005-01-3136.
4. Kittelson, D. B.; Watts, W. F.; Johnson, J. P.; Schauer, J. J.; Lawson, D. R. On-road and laboratory evaluation of combustion aerosols. Part 2: Summary of spark ignition engine results Aerosol Sci. 2006, 37, 931-949
5. Ericsson, P.; Holmström, M.; Amberntsson-Carlsson, A.; Ohlson, C.; Skoglundh, M.; Andersson, B.;; Carlsson, P. A. Characterization of Particulate Emissions and Methodology for Oxidation of Particulates from Non-Diesel Combustion Systems; SAE paper 2008-01-1746.
6. Braisher, M.; Stone, R.;; Price, P. Particle Number Emissions from a Range of European Vehicles; SAE paper 2010-01-0786.
7. Geller, M. D.; Ntziachristos, L.; Mamakos, A.; Samaras, Z.; Schmitz, D. A.; Froines, J. R.; Sioutas, C. Physicochemical and redox characteristics of particulate matter (PM) emitted from gasoline and diesel passenger cars Atmos. Environ. 2006, 40, 6988-7004
8. Zervas, E.; Dorlhène, P.; Forti, L.; Perrin, C.; Mornique, J. C.; Monier, R.; Ing, H.; Lopez., B. Interlaboratory Study of the Exhaust Gas Particle Number Measurement Using the Condensation Particle Counter (CPC) Energy Fuels 2006, 20, 2426-2431
9. Lee, H.; Kim, J.; Myung, C. L.; Park, S. Experimental investigation of nanoparticle formation characteristics from advanced gasoline and diesel fueled light duty vehicles under different certification driving modes J. Mech. Sci. Technol 2009, 23, 1591-1601
10. Andersson, J.; Giechaskiel, B.; Muñoz-Bueno, R.; Sandbach, E.;; Dilara, P. Particle Measurement Programme (PMP) Light-duty Inter-laboratory Correlation Exercise (ILCE-LD) Final Report; 54th GRPE, 4-8 June 2007, agenda item 3. GRPE-54-08-Rev.1.
11. Giechaskiel, B.; Dilara, P.; Sandbach, E.; Andersson, J. Particle measurement programme (PMP) light-duty inter-laboratory exercise: Comparison of different particle number measurement systems Meas. Sci. Technol. 2008, 19, 095401
12. Mathis, U.; Mohr, M.; Forss, A. M. Comprehensive particle characterization of modern gasoline and diesel passenger cars at low ambient temperatures Atmos. Environ. 2005, 39, 107-117
13. Ristimäki, J.; Keskinen, J.; Virtanen, A.; Maricq, M.; Aakko, P. Cold Temperature PM Emissions Measurement: Method Evaluation and Application to Light Duty Vehicles Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39, 9424-9430
14. Ntziachristos, L.; Mamakos, A.; Samaras, Z.; Mathis, U.; Mohr, M.; Thompson, N.; Stradling, R.; Forti, L.;; Serves, C. Overview of the European "Particulates" Project on the Characterization of Exhaust Particulate Emissions From Road Vehicles: Results for Light-Duty Vehicles; SAE paper 2004-01-1985.
15. Graskow, B. R.; Kittelson, D. B.; Ahmadi, M. R.;; Morris, J. E. Exhaust Particulate Emissions from a Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engine; SAE paper 1999-01-1145.
16. CONCAWE. Comparison of Particle Emissions from Advanced Vehicles Using DG TREN and PMP Measurement Protocols; Report 2/09; Brussels, 2009.
17. Drake, M. C.; Fansler, T. D.; Solomon, A. S.;; Szekely, G. A., Jr. Piston Fuel Films as a Source of Smoke and Hydrocarbon Emissions from a Wall-Controlled Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Engine; SAE paper 2003-01-0547.
18. Stojkovic, B. D.; Fansler, T. D.; Drake, M. C.; Sick, V. High-speed imaging of OH* and soot temperature and concentration in a stratified-charge direct-injection gasoline engine Proc. Combust. Inst. 2005, 30, 2657-2665
19. Drake, M. C.; Haworth, D. C. Advanced gasoline engine development using optical diagnostics and numerical modeling Proc. Combust. Inst. 2007, 31, 99-124
20. Schwarz, Ch.; Schünemann, E.; Durst, B.; Fischer, J.; Witt, A. Potential of the Spray-Guided BMW DI Combustion System; SAE paper 2006-01-1265.
21. Abdul-Khalek, I. S.; Kittelson, D. B. Real Time Measurement of Volatile and Solid Exhaust Particles Using a Catalytic Stripper; SAE paper 950236.
22. Kittelson, D. B.; Watts, W. F.; Savstrom, J. C.; Johnson, J. P. Influence of a catalytic stripper on the response of real time aerosol instruments to diesel exhaust aerosol J. Aerosol Sci. 2005, 36, 1089-1107
23. ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2008/page 62 Appendix 5. Particle Number Emissions Measurement Equipment.
24. Khalek, I. Sampling System for Solid and Volatile Exhaust Particle Size, Number, and Mass Emissions; SAE paper 2007-01-0307.
25. Khalek, I.;; Bougher, T. Development of a Solid Exhaust Particle Number Measurement System Using a Catalytic Stripper Technology; SAE paper 2011-01-0635.
26. Khalek, I.; Bougher, T.;; Jetter, J. Particle Emissions from a 2009 Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Using Different Commercially Available Fuels; SAE paper 2010-01-2117.
27. Sandford, M.; Page, G.;; Crawford, P. The All New AJV8; SAE paper 2009-01-1060.
28. Reavell, K.; Hands, T.; Collings, N. A Fast Response Particulate Spectrometer for Combustion Aerosols; SAE paper 2002-01-2714.
29. Symonds, J.; Reavell, K.; Olfert, J.; Campbell, B.; Swift, S. Diesel soot mass calculation in real-time with a differential mobility spectrometer Aerosol Sci. 2007, 38, 52-68
30. Symonds, J.; Price, P.; Williams, P.;; Stone, R. Density of particles emitted from a gasoline direct injection engine. 12th ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles, June 2008.