The increasing chronicity of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: Re-thinking "HIV as a long-wave event" in the era of widespread access to ART

Globalization and Health

Volumn 7, Issue , 2011, Pages

  Nixon, Stephanie A ^a,b   Hanass Hancock, Jill ^b   Whiteside, Alan ^b   Barnett, Tony ^c,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL   (South Africa)

^c LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS   (United Kingdom)

^d LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; CHRONIC DISEASE; CHRONICITY; DISABILITY; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LIFESPAN; NOTE; PANDEMIC; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SOCIETY; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

EID: 80054678377     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17448603     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1744-8603-7-41     Document Type: Note

References (41)

1. Barnett AS, Blaikie P. AIDS in Africa: Its Present and Future Impact 1990, London: John Wiley and Co.
2. Barnett AS, Whiteside A. AIDS in the Twenty-First Century: Disease and Globalization 2002, Hampshire, UK: Palgrave MacMillan.
3. Barnett AS. A long-wave event. HIV/AIDS, politics, governance and 'security': sundering the intergenerational bond?. International Affairs 2006, 82(2):297-313.
4. Global Report: UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2010. , http://www.unaids.org/documents/20101123_GlobalReport_Foreword_em.pdf
5. Mahy M, Stover J, Stanecki K, Stoneburner R, Tassie JM. Estimating the impact of antiretroviral therapy: regional and global estimates of life-years gained among adults. Sex Transm Infect 2010, 86(Suppl 2):ii67-71. 10.1136/sti.2010.046060, 3173805, 21106518.
6. Sow PS, Otieno LF, Bissagnene E, Kityo C, Bennink R, Clevenbergh P, Wit FW, Waalberg E, Rinke de Wit TF, Lange JM. Implementation of an antiretroviral access program for HIV-1-infected individuals in resource-limited settings: clinical results from 4 African countries. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2007, 44(3):262-267. 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31802bf109, 17146376.
7. Fairall LR, Bachmann MO, Louwagie GM, van Vuuren C, Chikobvu P, Steyn D, Staniland GH, Timmerman V, Msimanga M, Seebregts CJ, Boulle A, Nhiwatiwa R, Bateman ED, Zwarenstein MF, Chapman RD. Effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment in a South African program: a cohort study. Arch Intern Med 2008, 168(1):86-93. 10.1001/archinternmed.2007.10, 18195200.
8. Akileswaran C, Lurie MN, Flanigan TP, Mayer KH. Lessons learned from use of highly active antiretroviral therapy in Africa. Clin Infect Dis 2005, 41(3):376-385. 10.1086/431482, 16007536.
9. Russell S, Seeley J. The transition to living with HIV as a chronic condition in rural Uganda: working to create order and control when on antiretroviral therapy. Soc Sci Med 2010, 70(3):375-382. 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.10.039, 19914756.
10. Russell S, Seeley J, Ezati E, Wamai N, Were W, Bunnell R. Coming back from the dead: living with HIV as a chronic condition in rural Africa. Health Policy Plan 2007, 22(5):344-347. 10.1093/heapol/czm023, 17646187.
11. United Nations General Assembly Political Declaration on HIV/AIDS: Intensifying our Efforts to Eliminate HIV/AIDS. United Nations 2011, A/65/L77 Article 33, United Nations General Assembly.
12. Rusch M, Nixon S, Schilder A, Braitstein P, Chan K, Hogg RS. Prevalence of activity limitation among persons living with HIV/AIDS in British Columbia. Can J Public Health 2004, 95(6):437-440.
13. Rusch M, Nixon SA, Schilder A, Braitstein P, Chan K, Hogg RS. Impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions: Prevalence and associations among persons living with HIV/AIDS in British Columbia. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2004, 2:46. 10.1186/1477-7525-2-46, 519026, 15350202.
14. O'Brien KK, Davis AM, Strike C, Young NL, Bayoumi AM. Putting episodic disability into context: a qualitative study exploring factors that influence disability experienced by adults living with HIV/AIDS. J Int AIDS Soc 2009, 12(1):5. 10.1186/1758-2652-12-5, 2788343, 19900284.
15. O'Brien KK, Bayoumi AM, Strike C, Young NL, Davis AM. Exploring disability from the perspective of adults living with HIV/AIDS: development of a conceptual framework. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2008, 6:76. 10.1186/1477-7525-6-76, 2572592, 18834538.
16. Anandan N, Braveman B, Kielhofner G, Forsyth K. Impairments and perceived competence in persons living with HIV/AIDS. Work 2006, 27(3):255-266.
17. Heaton RK, Franklin DR, Ellis RJ, McCutchan JA, Letendre SL, Leblanc S, Corkran SH, Duarte NA, Clifford DB, Woods SP, Collier AC, Marra CM, Morgello S, Mindt MR, Taylor MJ, Marcotte TD, Atkinson JH, Wolfson T, Gelman BB, McArthur JC, Simpson DM, Abramson I, Gamst A, Fennema-Notestine C, Jernigan TL, Wong J, Grant I, . CHARTER Group, HNRC Group HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders before and during the era of combination antiretroviral therapy: differences in rates, nature, and predictors. Journal of Neurovirology 2011, 17(1):3-16. 10.1007/s13365-010-0006-1, 3032197, 21174240, CHARTER Group, HNRC Group.
18. Wit SD, Sabin CA, Weber R, Westring Worm S, Reiss P, Cazanave C, El-Sadr W, D'Arminio Monforte A, Fontas E, Law MG, Friis-Moller N, Phillips A. Incidence and risk factors for new-onset diabetes in HIV-infected patients. Diabetes Care 2008, 31(6):1224-1229. 10.2337/dc07-2013, 2746200, 18268071.
19. UNAIDS Disability and HIV Policy Brief. 2009, Accessed online 15 January 2011 at: [http://data.unaids.org/pub/Manual/2009/jc1632_policy_brief_disability_en.pdf], UNAIDS.
20. Worthington C, O'Brien K, Myers T, Nixon S, Cockerill R. Expanding the lens of HIV services provision in Canada: results of a national survey of HIV health professionals. AIDS Care 2009, 21(11):1371-1380. 10.1080/09540120902883101, 20024713.
21. Wellesley Health Centre A Comprehensive Guide for People Living with HIV Disease, Module 7: Rehabilitation Services. 1998, Toronto: Health Canada, Wellesley Health Centre.
22. Canadian Working Group on HIV and Rehabilitation E-Module for Evidence-Informed HIV Rehabilitation. 2011, Canadian Working Group on HIV and Rehabilitation., http://www.hivandrehab.ca/EN/information/care_providers/documents/CWGHR_E-moduleEvidence-InformedHIVRehabilitationfinal.pdf
23. Worthington C, Myers T, O'Brien K, Nixon S, Cockerill R. Rehabilitation in HIV/AIDS: development of an expanded conceptual framework. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2005, 19(4):258-271. 10.1089/apc.2005.19.258, 15857198.
24. Hanass-Hancock J, Nixon SA. The fields of HIV and disability: past, present and future. J Int AIDS Soc 2009, 12:28.
25. Escovitz K, Donegan K. Providing effective employment supports for persons living with HIV: the KEEP project. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 2005, 22(2):105-114.
26. World Health Organization ICF: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health 2001, Geneva: WHO, World Health Organization.
27. . World Health Origination, World Bank World Report on Disability. 2011, Geneva: World Health Organization, World Health Origination, World Bank.
28. Rosenbaum P, Stewart D. The World Health Organization International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: a model to guide clinical thinking, practice and research in the field of cerebral palsy. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2004, 11(1):5-10. 10.1016/j.spen.2004.01.002, 15132248.
29. Eide AH, Jelsma J, Loeb M, Maart S, Toni MK. Exploring ICF components in a survey among Xhosa speakers in Eastern & Western Cape, South Africa. Disabil Rehabil 2008, 30(11):819-829. 10.1080/09638280701390998, 17852254.
30. Kaeloboga JJ. HIV-Associated neurocognitive disorders in Botswana: A pilot study. 9th AIDS Impact Conference 2009, Gaborone, Botswana.
31. World Health Organization HIV/AIDS and Mental Health. 2008, Geneva, WHO, World Health Organization.
32. Smart T. HIV/AIDS and mental health: A clinical review. HIV and AIDS Treatment in Practice 2009, 145:1-22.
33. Nixon S, Cott C. Shifting perspectives: reconceptualizing HIV disease in a rehabilitation framework. Physiotherapy Canada 2000, 52:189-197.
34. Canadian Working Group on HIV and Rehabilitation About Us. 2011, Canadian Working Group on HIV and Rehabilitation., http://www.hivandrehab.ca/EN/about_us/index.php
35. Myezwa H, Stewart A, Musenge E, Nesara P. Assessment of HIV-positive in-patients using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg. African Journal of AIDS Research 2009, 8(1):93-106.
36. Van As M, Myezwa H, Stewart A, Maleka D, Musenge E. The International Classification of Function Disability and Health (ICF) in adults visiting the HIV outpatient clinic at a regional hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa. AIDS Care 2009, 21(1):50-58. 10.1080/09540120802068829, 19085220.
37. Myezwa H, Buchalla CM, Jelsma J, Stewart A. HIV/AIDS: use of the ICF in Brazil and South Africa - comparative data from four cross-sectional studies. Physiotherapy 2011, 97:17-25. 10.1016/j.physio.2010.08.015, 21295234.
38. Gaidhane AM, Zahiruddin QS, Waghmare L, Zodpey S, Goyal RC, Johrapurkar SR. Assessing self-care component of activities and participation domain of the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF) among people living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS Care 2008, 20(9):1098-104. 10.1080/09540120701808820, 18608075.
39. Nixon SA, Forman L, Hanass-Hancock J, Mac-Seing M, Munyanukato N, Myezwa H, Retis C. Rehabilitation: A Crucial Component in the Future of HIV Care and Support. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 2011, 12(2):12-17.
40. Allotey P, Reidpath DD, Yasin S, Chan CK, de-Graft Aikins A. Rethinking health-care systems: a focus on chronicity. The Lancet 2011, 377(9764):450-451.
41. Hanass-Hancock J, Strode A, Grant C. Inclusion of disability within national strategic responses to HIV and AIDS in Eastern and Southern Africa. Disability and Rehabilitation 2011,