Dynamics of blood electrolytes in repeated hyper-and/or hypoglycaemic events in patients with type 1 diabetes

Diabetologia

Volumn 54, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 2678-2689

  Caduff, A ^a   Lutz, H U ^b   Heinemann, L ^c   Di Benedetto, G ^a,d   Talary, M S ^a   Theander, S ^a  

^a Solianis Monitoring AG   (Switzerland)

^b ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^c Profil Institut fuer Stoffwechselforschung   (Germany)

^d POLITECNICO DI TORINO   (Italy)

Author keywords

Blood; Cardiac arrhythmia; Dead in bed syndrome; Diabetes; Electrolytes; Glucose monitoring; Hyperglycaemia; Hypoglycaemia; Hypokalaemia; Insulin therapy

Indexed keywords

BICARBONATE; CALCIUM ION; CHLORIDE ION; GLUCOSE; POTASSIUM ION; SODIUM ION;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD OSMOLARITY; BLOOD PH; CLINICAL ARTICLE; ELECTROLYTE BLOOD LEVEL; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPOGLYCEMIA; HYPOKALEMIA; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ADULT; BLOOD GLUCOSE; CALCIUM; CHLORIDES; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPOGLYCEMIA; MALE; POTASSIUM; SODIUM; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 80054099658     PISSN: 0012186X     EISSN: 14320428     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2210-9     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. DM Nathan 1993 Long-term complications of diabetes mellitus N Engl J Med 328 1676 1685 8487827 10.1056/NEJM199306103282306 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3lsVGgsA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 23157351)
2. PE Cryer 2005 Mechanisms of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure and its component syndromes in diabetes Diabetes 54 3592 3601 16306382 10.2337/diabetes.54.12.3592 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht12gsLzN (Pubitemid 43334356)
3. Kitabchi AE, Umpierrez GE, Murphy MB (2004) Diabetic ketoacidocis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. In: Defronzo RA, Ferrannini E, Keen H, Zimmet P (eds) International textbook of diabetes mellitus, 3rd edn. Wiley, Chichester, pp 1101-1119
4. AE Kitabchi GE Umpierrez JM Miles JN Fisher 2009 Hyperglycemic crises in adult patients with diabetes Diabetes Care 32 1335 1343 19564476 10.2337/dc09-9032 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXps1Kqt70%3D
5. AP Briggs I Koechig EA Doisy CJ Weber 1924 Some changes in the composition of blood due to the injection of insulin J Biol Chem 58 721 730 1:CAS:528:DyaB2cXhtlOjtQ%3D%3D
6. SR Heller RT Robinson 2000 Hypoglycaemia and associated hypokalaemia in diabetes: mechanisms, clinical implications and prevention Diabetes Obes Metab 2 75 82 11220527 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2000.00050.x 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjsFCqsLk%3D (Pubitemid 33072161)
7. KG Petersen KJ Schluter L Kerp 1982 Regulation of serum potassium during insulin-induced hypoglycemia Diabetes 31 615 617 6761199 10.2337/diabetes.31.7. 615 1:CAS:528:DyaL38Xks1Kqsrc%3D (Pubitemid 12075512)
8. T Clausen PG Kohn 1977 The effect of insulin on the transport of sodium and potassium in rat soleus muscle J Physiol 265 19 42 850160 1:CAS:528:DyaE2sXhvVelsL8%3D (Pubitemid 8045386)
9. + pump regulation and skeletal muscle contractility Physiol Rev 83 1269 1324 14506306 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD3sXoslyjsbc%3D (Pubitemid 37222273)
10. PS Hansen KA Buhagiar DF Gray HH Rasmussen 2000 Voltage-dependent stimulation of the Na(+)-K(+) pump by insulin in rabbit cardiac myocytes Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 278 C546 C553 10712243 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXhvV2qt7o%3D
11. RA Defronzo RS Sherwin M Dillingham R Hendler WV Tamborlane P Felig 1978 Influence of basal insulin and glucagon secretion on potassium and sodium metabolism. Studies with somatostatin in normal dogs and in normal and diabetic human beings J Clin Invest 61 472 479 621284 10.1172/JCI108958 1:CAS:528:DyaE1cXhtFGksb0%3D (Pubitemid 8280418)
12. R Andres MA Baltzan G Cader KL Zierler 1962 Effect of insulin on carbohydrate metabolism and on potassium in the forearm of man J Clin Invest 41 108 115 13861460 10.1172/JCI104452 1:CAS:528:DyaF38Xns1arug%3D%3D
13. + exchange by insulin in the human forearm Am J Physiol 255 E953 E958 2849310 1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXltFKgtA%3D%3D
14. JJ Body PE Cryer KP Offord H Heath III 1983 Epinephrine is a hypophosphatemic hormone in man. Physiological effects of circulating epinephrine on plasma calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and calcitonin J Clin Invest 71 572 578 6402521 10.1172/JCI110802 1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXhsleks74%3D (Pubitemid 13160803)
15. TA Hillier RD Abbott EJ Barrett 1999 Hyponatremia: evaluating the correction factor for hyperglycemia Am J Med 106 399 403 10225241 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00055-8 1:STN:280:DyaK1M3jvFOntQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 29190591)
16. Rose BD, Post T (2001) Clinical physiology of acid-base and electrolyte disorders. McGraw-Hill, New York
17. T Clausen JA Flatman 1980 Beta 2-adrenoceptors mediate the stimulating effect of adrenaline on active electrogenic Na-K-transport in rat soleus muscle Br J Pharmacol 68 749 755 6247002 1:CAS:528:DyaL3cXks1Wrurg%3D (Pubitemid 10065208)
18. + and glucose transport in soleus muscle Am J Physiol 252 E492 E499 3031991 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXktFyiu7k%3D
19. NS Schwartz WE Clutter SD Shah PE Cryer 1987 Glycemic thresholds for activation of glucose counterregulatory systems are higher than the threshold for symptoms J Clin Invest 79 777 781 3546378 10.1172/JCI112884 1:CAS:528:DyaL2sXhsFCitb0%3D (Pubitemid 17050902)
20. P De Feo V Gallai G Mazzotta, et al. 1988 Modest decrements in plasma glucose concentration cause early impairment in cognitive function and later activation of glucose counterregulation in the absence of hypoglycemic symptoms in normal man J Clin Invest 82 436 444 3403713 10.1172/JCI113616
21. RA DeFronzo CR Cooke R Andres GR Faloona PJ Davis 1975 The effect of insulin on renal handling of sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphate in man J Clin Invest 55 845 855 1120786 10.1172/JCI107996 1:CAS:528:DyaE2MXktVWgsrg%3D
22. ML Halperin AL Fields 1985 Lactic acidosis-emphasis on the carbon precursors and buffering of the acid load Am J Med Sci 289 154 159 3985048 10.1097/00000441-198504000-00005 1:STN:280:DyaL2M7nt1Sjuw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 16016499)
23. CR Cooke JS Horvath MA Moore T Bledsoe WG Walker 1973 Modulation of plasma aldosterone concentration by plasma potassium in anephric man in the absence of a change in potassium balance J Clin Invest 52 3028 3032 4750439 10.1172/JCI107501 1:STN:280:DyaE2c%2FisFGntA%3D%3D
24. T Himathongkam RG Dluhy GH Williams 1975 Potassium-aldosterone-renin interrelationships J Clin Endocrinol Metab 41 153 159 1167307 10.1210/jcem-41-1-153 1:CAS:528:DyaE2MXlt12ntLw%3D
25. WH Wang G Giebisch 2009 Regulation of potassium (K) handling in the renal collecting duct Pflugers Arch 458 157 168 18839206 10.1007/s00424-008-0593-3 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXktVGks7Y%3D
26. S Hata H Kunita M Okamoto 1976 Aldosterone response to hypoglycemia: evidence of ACTH mediation J Clin Endocrinol Metab 43 173 177 181391 10.1210/jcem-43-1-173 1:CAS:528:DyaE28XltVCnu7c%3D
27. Z Hochberg Z Dickerman H Kaufman Z Laron 1980 Evaluation of the renin-aldosterone system during hypo- and hyperglycemia in children and adolescents Horm Res 12 16 21 6988319 10.1159/000179101 1:CAS:528: DyaL3cXls1ejtQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 10174589)
28. E Ferrannini AQ Galvan D Santoro A Natali 1992 Potassium as a link between insulin and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system J Hypertens Suppl 10 S5 S10 1619503 10.1097/00004872-199204001-00002 1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xmt1Kgtr4%3D
29. + transport regulation in distal kidney nephron cells Cell Physiol Biochem 13 21 28 12649599 10.1159/000070246 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXit1KmtLo%3D (Pubitemid 36359378)
30. J Loffing M Zecevic E Feraille, et al. 2001 Aldosterone induces rapid apical translocation of ENaC in early portion of renal collecting system: possible role of SGK Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 280 F675 F682 11249859 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjtV2gs78%3D
31. JT August DH Nelson GW Tthorn 1958 Response of normal subjects to large amounts of aldosterone J Clin Invest 37 1549 1555 13587664 10.1172/JCI103747 1:CAS:528:DyaG1MXjtVekug%3D%3D
32. DB Young AC Guyton 1977 Steady state aldosterone dose-response relationships Circ Res 40 138 142 844139 1:CAS:528:DyaE2sXhs1GltLw%3D (Pubitemid 8043433)
33. + channel-dependent and -independent mechanisms Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 297 F389 F396 19474187 10.1152/ajprenal.90528.2008 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1MXhtVaht7rK
34. RA DeFronzo P Felig E Ferrannini J Wahren 1980 Effect of graded doses of insulin on splanchnic and peripheral potassium metabolism in man Am J Physiol 238 E421 E427 6990783 1:CAS:528:DyaL3cXitV2nt7o%3D
35. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group 1993 The effect of intensive treatment on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus N Engl J Med 329 977 986 10.1056/NEJM199309303291401 (Pubitemid 23307905)
36. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Research Group 2000 Retinopathy and nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes N Engl J Med 342 381 389 10.1056/ NEJM200002103420603 (Pubitemid 30084536)
37. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group 1998 Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33) Lancet 352 837 853 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)07019-6 (Pubitemid 28416718)
38. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) Research Group Study Research Group 2005 Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes N Engl J Med 353 2643 2653 10.1056/NEJMoa052187 (Pubitemid 41817713)
39. G Van den Berghe P Wouters F Weekers, et al. 2001 Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients N Engl J Med 345 1359 1367 11794168 10.1056/NEJMoa011300
40. G Van den Berghe A Wilmer G Hermans, et al. 2006 Intensive insulin therapy in the medical ICU N Engl J Med 354 449 461 16452557 10.1056/NEJMoa052521 (Pubitemid 43200296)
41. The NICE-SUGAR Study Investigators 2009 Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients N Engl J Med 360 1283 1297 10.1056/NEJMoa0810625
42. A Caduff MS Talary M Mueller, et al. 2009 Non-invasive glucose monitoring in patients with type 1 diabetes: a multisensor system combining sensors for dielectric and optical characterisation of skin Biosens Bioelectron 24 2778 2784 19286364 10.1016/j.bios.2009.02.001 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXkvVWhurk%3D
43. RH Helfant 1986 Hypokalemia and arrhythmias Am J Med 80 13 22 3706349 10.1016/0002-9343(86)90336-0 1:STN:280:DyaL283ht1amtw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 16011306)
44. A Gastaldelli M Emdin F Conforti S Camastra E Ferrannini 2000 Insulin prolongs the QTc interval in humans J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 279 R2022 R2025 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M%2Flt1Cjug%3D%3D
45. RT Robinson ND Harris RH Ireland S Lee C Newman SR Heller 2003 Mechanisms of abnormal cardiac repolarization during insulin-induced hypoglycemia Diabetes 52 1469 1474 12765959 10.2337/diabetes.52.6.1469 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmt1SjsrY%3D (Pubitemid 36666203)
46. RB Tattersall GV Gill 1991 Unexplained deaths of type 1 diabetic patients Diabet Med 8 49 58 1826245 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1991.tb01516.x 1:STN:280:DyaK3M7otlyhuw%3D%3D
47. H Thordarson O Sovik 1995 Dead in bed syndrome in young diabetic patients in Norway Diabet Med 12 782 787 8542738 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1995.tb02080.x 1:STN:280:DyaK28%2FotFSnsg%3D%3D