Embryonic staging table for a direct-developing salamander, Plethodon cinereus (Plethodontidae)

Anatomical Record

Volumn 294, Issue 11, 2011, Pages 1796-1808

  Kerney, Ryan ^a  

^a DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Direct development; Embryology; Lungless salamanders; Plethodon cinereus; Plethodontidae; Staging table

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BLASTULA; CELL DIVISION; CHROMATOPHORE; CLOACA; DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE; EMBRYO; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; EVOLUTION; EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY; EYELID; FOREBRAIN; FORELIMB; GASTRULA; GILL; HINDLIMB; LARVA; LEYDIG CELL; LIFE HISTORY; MANDIBLE; METAMORPHOSIS; MUSCLE; NEURAL TUBE; NEURULATION; NONHUMAN; NORTH AMERICA; PLETHODON CINEREUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RHOMBENCEPHALON; SALAMANDER; TAIL; YOLK SAC;

ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; EMBRYO, NONMAMMALIAN; EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT; LARVA; METAMORPHOSIS, BIOLOGICAL; MICROSCOPY, ATOMIC FORCE; MORPHOGENESIS; STAINING AND LABELING; URODELA;

PLETHODON; PLETHODON CINEREUS; PLETHODONTIDAE; SALAMANDROIDEA;

EID: 80054095945     PISSN: 19328486     EISSN: 19328494     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ar.21480     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Alberch P. 1989. Development and the evolution of amphibian metamorphosis. In: Splechtna H, Hilgers H, editors. Trends in Vertebrate Morphology (Fortschritte der Zoologie, Vol. 35). Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag. p 163-173.
2. Anderson PL. 1943. The normal development of Triturus pyrrhogaster. Anat Rec 86: 59-73.
3. Bininda-Emonds OR, Jeffery JE, Sánchez-Villagra MR, Hanken J, Colbert M, Pieau C, Selwood L, Ten Cate C, Raynaud A, Osabutey CK, Richardson MK. 2007. Forelimb-hind limb developmental timing changes across tetrapod phylogeny. BMC Evol Biol 7: 182-199.
4. Blackburn D. 2004. Preliminary analysis of cranial skeletal development in Nectophrynoides vivipara. J Morphol 260: 279.
5. Bordzilovskaya NP, Dettlaff TA, Duhon ST, Malacinski GM. 1989. Developmental-stage series of axolotl embryos. In: Armstrong JB, Malacinski GM, editors. Developmental Biology of the Axolotl. New York: Oxford University Press. p 201-219.
6. Braekevelt CR. 1992a. Retinal photoreceptor fine structure in the red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus). Histol Histopathol 7: 463-470.
7. Braekevelt CR. 1992b. Retinal pigment epithelial fine structure in the red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus). Histol Histopathol 7: 471-477.
8. Chippindale PT, Bonett RM, Baldwin AS, Wiens JJ. 2004. Phylogenetic evidence for a major reversal of life-history evolution in plethodontid salamanders. Evolution 58: 2809-2822.
9. Collazo A, Keller R. 2010. Early development of Ensatina eschscholtzii an amphibian with a large, yolky egg. Evo Devo 1: 6.
10. Collazo A, Marks SB. 1994. Development of Gyrinophilus porphyriticus: identification of the ancestral developmental pattern in the salamander family Plethodontidae. J Exp Zool 268: 239-258.
11. Crespi E, Lessig H. 2004. Mothers influence offspring body size through post-oviposition maternal effects in the redbacked salamander, Plethodon cinereus. Oecologia 138: 306-311.
12. Dawley EM, Bass AH. 1988. Organization of the vomeronasal organ in a plethodontid salamander. J Morphol 198: 243-255.
13. Dawley EM, Bass AH. 1989. Chemical access to the vomeronasal organ of a plethodontid salamander. J Morphol 200: 163-174.
14. Dempster WT. 1930. The morphology of the amphibian endolymphatic organ. J Morphol Physiol 50: 71-126.
15. Dent J. 1942. The embryonic development of Plethodon cinereus as correlated with the differentiation and functioning of the thyroid gland. J Morphol 71: 577-601.
16. Duellman WE, Trueb L. 1994. The Biology of Amphibians. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
17. Fox H. 1984. Amphibian Morphogenesis. New Jersey: Humana Press.
18. Franssen RA, Marks S, Wake D, Shubin N. 2005. Limb chondrogenesis of the seepage salamander, Desmognathus aeneus (Amphibia: Plethodontidae). J Morphol 265: 87-101.
19. Fritzsch B. 1989. Diversity and regression in the amphibian lateral line and electrosensory system. In: Coombs H, Gorner P, Munz H, editors. The Mechanosensory Lateral Line: Neurobiology and Evolution. Berlin: Springer. p 99-114.
20. Gilhen J. 1984. Amphibians and Reptiles of Nova Scotia. Halifax, NS: Nova Scotia Museum.
21. Glückson S. 1931. Aussere Entwicklung der Extremitäten und. Stadieneinteilung der Larvenperiode von Triton taeniatus Leyd. und Triton cristatus. Wilhelm Roux Arch Entw Mech Org 125: 341-405.
22. Goodale HB. 1911. The early development of Spelerpes bislineatus (Green). Am J Anat 12: 174-242.
23. Grant MP. 1930. Diagnostic stages of urodele metamorphosis; with references to Amblystoma punctatum and Triturus viridescens. Anat Rec 45: 1-25.
24. Grant MP. 1931. Diagnostic stages of metamorphosis in Amblystoma jeffersonianum and Amblystoma opacum. Anat Rec 51: 1-15.
25. Gunzburger M. 2003. Evaluation of the hatching trigger and larval ecology of the salamander Amphiuma means. Herpetologica 59: 459-468.
26. Hanken J. 1999. Larvae in amphibian development and evolution. In: Hall BK, Wake MH, editors. The Origin and Evolution of Larval Forms. San Diego: Academic Press. p 61-108.
27. Hanken J. 2003. Direct Development. In: Hall BK, Olson W, editors. Keywords and Concepts in Evolutionary Developmental Biology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p 97-102.
28. Hara K, Boterenbrood EC. 1977. Refinement of Harrison's normal table for the morula and blastula of the axolotl. Wilhelm Roux Arch Entw Mech Org 181: 89-93.
29. Harrison R. 1969. Harrison stages and description of normal development of the spotted salamander, Ambystoma punctatum (Linn). In: Wilens S, editor. Organization and Development of the Embryo. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. p 44-66.
30. Jarial MS. 1989. Fine structure of the epidermal Leydig cells in the axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum in relation to their function. J Anat 167: 95-102.
31. Jockusch E. 1996. Techniques for obtaining and raising plethodontid salamander eggs. Int J Dev Biol 40: 911-912.
32. Kelly DE. 1966. The Leydig cell in larval amphibian epidermis, fine structure and function. Anat Rec 154: 685-699.
33. Kerney R, Gross J, Hanken J. 2010. Early cranial patterning in the direct-developing frog Eleutherodactylus coqui revealed through gene expression. Evol Dev 12: 373-382.
34. Kerney R, Meegaskumbura M, Manamendra-Arachchi K, Hanken J. 2007. Cranial ontogeny in Philautus silus (Anura: Ranidae: Rhacophorinae) reveals few similarities with other direct-developing anurans. J Morphol 268: 715-725.
35. Kozak KH, Larson A, Bonett RM, Harmon LJ. 2005. Phylogenetic analysis of ecomorphological divergence, community structure, and diversification rates in dusky salamanders (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus). Evolution 59: 2000-2016.
36. Kozak KH, Mendyk RW, Wiens JJ. 2009. Can parallel diversification occur in sympatry? Repeated patterns of body-size evolution in coexisting clades of North American salamanders. Evolution 63: 1769-1784.
37. Linke R, Roth G, Rottluff B. 1986. Comparative studies on the eye morphology of lungless salamanders, family Plethodontidae, and the effect of miniaturization. J Morphol 189: 131-143.
38. Lynn G. 1947. Effects of thiourea and phenylthiourea upon the development of Plethodon cinereus. Biol Bull 93: 199.
39. Marks SB. 2000. Skull development in two plethodontid salamanders with different life histories. In: Bruce R, Jaeger R, Houck L, editors. The Biology of Plethodontid Salamanders. New York, NY: Kluwer Academic. p 261-276.
40. Marks SB, Collazo A. 1998. Direct development in Desmognathus aeneus (Caudata: Plethodontidae): a staging table. Copeia 1998: 637-648.
41. Miller L. 1944. Notes on the eggs and larvae of Aneides lugubris. Copeia 1944: 224-230.
42. Montgomery TH. 1901. Peculiarities of the terrestrial larva of the urodelous batrachian, Plethodon cinereus (Green). Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia 53: 503-508.
43. Mueller RL, Macey JR, Jaekel M, Wake DB, Boore JL. 2004. Morphological homoplasy, life history evolution, and historical biogeography of plethodontid salamanders inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 13820-13825.
44. Müller G, Wagner G. 1991. Novelty in evolution: restructuring the concept. Ann Rev Ecol Syst 22: 229-256.
45. Müller H, Oomen O, Bartsch P. 2005. Skeletal development of the direct-developing caecilian Gegeneophis ramaswamii (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae). Zoomorphology 124: 171-1888.
46. Nakashima K, Zhou X, Kunkel G, Zhang Z, Deng J, Behringer R, de Crombrugghe B. 2002. The novel zinc finger-containing transcription factor Osterix is required for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Cell 108: 17-29.
47. Norman MF. 1985. A practical method for staging metamorphosis in the tiger salamander Ambystoma tigrinum. Anat Rec 211: 102-109.
48. Nye HL, Cameron JA, Chernoff EA, Stocum DL. 2003. Extending the table of stages of normal development of the axolotl: limb development. Dev Dyn 226: 555-560.
49. Ohmura H, Wakahara M. 1998. Transformation of skin from larval to adult types in normally metamorphosing and metamorphosis-arrested salamander, Hynobius retardatus. Differentiation 63: 237-246.
50. Olsson L, Hanken J. 1996. Cranial neural-crest migration and chondrogenic fate in the Oriental fire-bellied toad Bombina orientalis: defining the ancestral pattern of head development in anuran amphibians. J Morphol 229: 105-120.
51. Oyama J. 1930. Normal plates of the development of the newt, Diemictylus (Triturus) pyrrhogaster (Boie). Zool Mag (Tokyo) 42: 465-473. (In Japanese).
52. Packard M, Jennings D, Hanken J. 1996. Growth and uptake of mineral by embryos of the direct developing frog Eleutherodactylus coqui. Comp Biochem Physiol 113: 343-349.
53. Petranka JW. 1998. Salamanders of the United States and Canada. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
54. Piersol WH. 1910. The habits and larval state of Plethodon cinereus erythronotus. Trans Can Inst 8: 469-493.
55. Presnell J, Schreibman M. 1997. Humason's Animal Tissue Techniques. Baltimore, MD: John's Hopkins University Press.
56. Ringia AM, Lips K. 2007. Oviposition, early development and growth of the cave salamander, Eurycea lucifuga: surface and subterranean influences on a troglophilic species. Herpetologica 63: 258-268.
57. Roth G, Nishikawa K, Naujoks-Manteuffel C, Schmidt A, Wake D. 1993. Paedomorphosis and simplification in the nervous system of salamanders. Brain Behav Evol 42: 137-170.
58. Takaya H. 1972. Initiation of the vacuolation in Triturus notochord. Proc Japan Acad 48: 422-426.
59. Schlosser G, Kinter C, Northcutt G. 1999. Loss of ectodermal competence for lateral line placode formation in the direct developing frog, Eleutherodactylus coqui. Dev Biol 213: 354-369.
60. Sive HL, Grainger RM, Harland RM. 2000. Early Development of Xenopus laevis. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
61. Vieites DR, Karsen S, Min MS, Yang S, Wake DB. 2006. Karsenia koreana. IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4.
62. Vieites DR, Min MS, Wake DB. 2007. Rapid diversification and dispersal during periods of global warming by plethodontid salamanders. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104: 19903-19907.
63. Vieites DR, Román SN, Wake MH, Wake DB. 2011. A multigenic perspective on phylogenetic relationships in the largest family of salamanders, the Plethodontidae. Mol Phylogenet Evol 59: 623-635.
64. Wake DB. 1966. Comparative osteology and evolution of the lungless salamanders, family Plethodontidae. Mem South California Acad Sci 4: 1-111.
65. Wake DB. 2009. What salamanders have taught us about evolution. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 40: 333-352.
66. Wake DB, Hanken J. 1996. Direct development in the lungless salamanders: what are the consequences for developmental biology, evolution and phylogenesis? Int J Dev Biol 40: 859-869.
67. Wake DB, Marks SB. 1993. Development and evolution of plethodontid salamanders: a review of prior research studies and prospectus for future research. Herpetologica 49: 194-203.
68. Wake DB, Roth G, Nishikawa KC. 1987. The fate of the lateral line system in plethodontid salamanders. Am Zool 27: 166A.
69. Wake DB, Shubin N. 1998. Limb development in the Pacific giant salamanders, Dicamptodon (Amphibia, Caudata, Dicamptodontidae). Can J Zool 76: 2058-2066.
70. Wake DB, Wake MH, Specht CD. 2011. Homoplasy: from detecting pattern to determining process and mechanism of evolution. Science 331: 1032-1035.
71. Watson S, Russell A. 2000. A posthatching developmental staging table for the long-toed salamander, Ambystoma krausei. Amphibia-Reptilia 21: 143-154.
72. Welten M, Verbeek F, Meijer A, Richardson MK. 2005. Gene expression and digit homology in the chicken embryo wing. Evol Dev 7: 18-28.
73. Wilder IW. 1913. The life history of Desmognthus fusca. Biol Bull 24: 251-292; (5) 292-342.
74. Wilder IW. 1925. The Morphology of Amphibian Metamorphosis. Northampton, MA: Smith College.
75. Will U, Fritzsch B. 1988. The octavus nerve of amphibians. In: Fritzsch B, Ryan M, Wilczynski W, editors. The Evolution of the Amphibian Auditory System. New York, NY: Wiley. p 159-183.
76. Wong CJ, Liversage RA. 2005. Limb developmental stages of the newt Notophthalmus viridescens. Int J Dev Biol 49: 375-389.