Digital Divide

International Encyclopedia of Human Geography

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 191-197

  Unwin, T ^a   de Bastion, G ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b Financial Systems Development Section   (Germany)

Author keywords

Communication; Digital divide; ICTs; Inequality; Information; Technology

Indexed keywords

EID: 80054081510     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-008044910-4.00090-0     Document Type: Chapter

References (18)

1. Castells M. The information age: Economy, society and culture 2000, Blackwell, Oxford. 2nd edn.
2. Gelbstein, E. and Kurbalija, J. (2005). Internet governance - Issues, actors and divides. Malta and Kuala Lumpur: DiploFoundation and Global Knowledge Partnership. http://textus.diplomacy.edu/textusbin/env/scripts/Pool/GetBin.asp?IDPool=641.
3. Grameen Technology Center (2005). Village phone replication manual - Creating sustainable access to affordable telecommunications for the rural poor. http://www.infodev.org/files/2868_file_VillagePhoneReplicationManual.pdf.
4. Greenberg A. ICTs for poverty alleviation: Basic tool and enabling sector 2005, Sida, Stockholm.
5. InfoDev (no date). Open source software - Perspectives for development. Washington DC: InfoDev. http://www.infodev.org/files/837_file_Open_Source:Software.pdf.
6. ITU (2005). World telecommunication/ICT development Report 2006: Measuring ICT for social and economic development. http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/.
7. Norris P. Digital divide: Civic engagement, information poverty, and the internet worldwide 2001, Cambridge University Press, New York and Cambridge.
8. OECD (2005). Financing ICTs for development - Efforts of DAC members, review of recent trends of ODA and its contribution Report to the UN Task Force on Financial Mechanisms for ICT for Development (TFFM). Paris: OECD, Development Assistance Committee (DAC). http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/41/45/34410597.pdf.
9. Paolillo J., Pimienta D., Prado D., et al. Measuring linguistic diversity on the internet 2005, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, UNESCO, Paris.
10. Point Topic (2005). Broadband, the internet and the election. http://www.point-topic.com/content/dslanalysis/UK%20election%20guide.htm.
11. e-Development: From excitement to effectiveness 2005, The World Bank Group, Washington DC. R. Schware (Ed.).
12. Unwin T. Partnerships in development practice: Evidence from multi-stakeholder ICT4D partnership practice in Africa 2005, UNESCO for the World Summit on the Information Society, Paris.
13. Weigel G., Waldburger D. ICT4D - Connecting people for a better world 2004, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation and Global Knowledge Partnership, Berne and Kuala Lumpur.
14. 2006 Information and communications for development (IC4D): Global trends and policies 2006, World Bank, World Bank, Washington DC.
15. WSIS Declaration of Principles (2003). Building the information society: A global challenge in the new millennium. Geneva: UN Summit of the Information Society (Paragraph 28, Paragraph 22 (C7, b).). http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-s/md/03/wsis/doc/S03-WSIS-DOC-0004!!PDF-E.pdf.
16. Creative Commons Developing Nations License. http://creativecommons.org.
17. ITU statistics. http://www.itu.int.
18. WSIS statistics. http://www.itu.int.