Underestimation of cardiac vagal control in regular exercisers by 24-hour heart rate variability recordings

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Volumn 81, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 169-176

  van Lien, René ^a   Goedhart, Annebet ^a   Kupper, Nina ^a,b   Boomsma, Dorret ^a   Willemsen, Gonneke ^a   de Geus, Eco J C ^a  

^a VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b TILBURG UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Ambulatory monitoring; Exercise; Parasympathetic nervous system; Physical activity; RSA

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AEROBIC EXERCISE; ARTICLE; BREATHING RATE; CARDIAC VAGAL CONTROL; CARDIOVASCULAR AUTOREGULATION; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; FEMALE; HEART RATE VARIABILITY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; RESPIRATORY SINUS ARRHYTHMIA; SLEEP; VAGUS REFLEX; WALKING;

ADULT; ALGORITHMS; CARDIOGRAPHY, IMPEDANCE; DATA INTERPRETATION, STATISTICAL; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY, AMBULATORY; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HEART; HEART RATE; HUMANS; MALE; MONITORING, AMBULATORY; SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE; VAGUS NERVE;

EID: 80054022125     PISSN: 01678760     EISSN: 18727697     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.06.007     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. An P., Perusse L., Rankinen T., Borecki I.B., Gagnon J., Leon A.S., Skinner J.S., Wilmore J.H., Bouchard C., Rao D.C. Familial aggregation of exercise heart rate and blood pressure in response to 20weeks of endurance training: the HERITAGE Family Study. Int. J. Sports. Med. 2003, 24:57-62.
2. Baudiere B., Monferini E., Giraldo E., Ladinsky H., Bali J.P. Characterization of the muscarinic receptor subtype in isolated gastric fundic cells of the rabbit. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1987, 36:2957-2961.
3. Berntson G.G., Bigger J.T., Eckberg D.L., Grossman P., Kaufmann P.G., Malik M., Nagaraja H.N., Porges S.W., Saul J.P., Stone P.H., van der Molen M.W. Heart rate variability: origins, methods, and interpretive caveats. Psychophysiology 1997, 34:623-648.
4. Billman G.E. Aerobic exercise conditioning: a nonpharmacological antiarrhythmic intervention. J. Appl. Physiol. 2002, 92:446-454.
5. Bouchard C., Rankinen T. Individual differences in response to regular physical activity. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2001, 33:S446-S451.
6. Bouchard C., Boulay M.R., Simoneau J., Lortie G., Perusse L. Hereditary and trainability of aerobic and anaerobic performances. An update. Sports Med. 1988, 5:69-73.
7. Bouchard C., An P., Rice T., Skinner J.S., Wilmore J.H., Gagnon J., Perusse L., Leon A.S., Rao D.C. Familial aggregation of VO2 max response to exercise training: results from the HERITAGE Family Study. J. Appl. Physiol. 1999, 87:1003-1008.
8. Boutcher S.H., Stein P. Association between heart rate variability and training response in sedentary middle-aged men. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol. 1995, 70:75-80.
9. Boutcher S.H., Nugent F.W., McLaren P.F., Weltman A.L. Heart period variability of trained and untrained men at rest and during mental challenge. Psychophysiology 1998, 35:16-22.
10. Buchheit M., Simon C., Piquard F., Ehrhart J., Brandenberger G. Effects of increased training load on vagal-related indexes of heart rate variability: a novel sleep approach. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2004, 287:H2813-H2818.
11. Buchheit M., Simon C., Charloux A., Doutreleau S., Piquard F., Brandenberger G. Heart rate variability and intensity of habitual physical activity in middle-aged persons. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2005, 37:1530-1534.
12. Buchheit M., Simon C., Charloux A., Doutreleau S., Piquard F., Brandenberger G. Relationship between very high physical activity energy expenditure, heart rate variability and self-estimate of health status in middle-aged individuals. Int. J. Sports Med. 2006, 27:697-701.
13. de Geus E.J., van Doornen L.J., de Visser D.C., Orlebeke J.F. Existing and training induced differences in aerobic fitness: their relationship to physiological response patterns during different types of stress. Psychophysiology 1990, 27:457-478.
14. de Geus E.J.C., van Doornen L.J.P., Orlebeke J.F. Aerobic fitness and regular exercise: influences on the psychological make-up and the physiological stress response. Psychosom. Med. 1993, 55:347-363.
15. de Geus E.J., Willemsen G.H., Klaver C.H., van Doornen L.J. Ambulatory measurement of respiratory sinus arrhythmia and respiration rate. Biol. Psychol. 1995, 41:205-227.
16. de Geus E.J.C., Karsdorp R., Boer B., de Regt G., Orlebeke J.F., van Doornen L.J.P. Effect of aerobic fitness training on heart rate variability and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity. Homeostasis 1996, 37:28-51.
17. Dixon E.M., Kamath M.V., Mccartney N., Fallen E.L. Neural regulation of heart-rate-variability in endurance athletes and sedentary controls. Cardiovasc. Res. 1992, 26:713-719.
18. Ekblom B., Kilbom A., Soltysiak J. Physical training, bradycardia, and autonomic nervous system. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 1973, 32:251-252.
19. Frick M.H., Elovainio R.O., Somer T. The mechanism of bradycardia evoked by physical training. Cardiologia 1967, 51:46-54.
20. Goedhart A.D., van der S.S., Houtveen J.H., Willemsen G., de Geus E.J. Comparison of time and frequency domain measures of RSA in ambulatory recordings. Psychophysiology 2007, 44:203-215.
21. Goedhart A.D., de Vries M., Kreft J., Bakkker F., de Geus E.J.C. No effect of training state on ambulatory measures of cardiac autonomic control. J. Psychophysiol. 2008, 22:1-11.
22. Goldberger J.J., Ahmed M.W., Parker M.A., Kadish A.H. Dissociation of heart rate variability from parasympathetic tone. Am. J. Physiol. 1994, 266:H2152-H2157.
23. Goldberger J.J., Challapalli S., Tung R., Parker M.A., Kadish A.H. Relationship of heart rate variability to parasympathetic effect. Circulation 2001, 103:1977-1983.
24. Goldsmith R.L., Bigger J.T., Steinman R.C., Fleiss J.L. Comparison of 24-hour parasympathetic activity in endurance-trained and untrained young men. JACC 1992, 20:552-558.
25. Goldsmith R.L., Bloomfield D.M., Rosenwinkel E.T. Exercise and autonomic function. Coron. Artery Dis. 2000, 11:129-135.
26. Grossman P. Respiration, stress and cardiovascular function. Psychophysiology 1983, 20:284-300.
27. Grossman P., Wientjes C.J.E. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia and parasympathetic cardiac control: some basic issues concerning quantification, applications and implications. Cardiorespiratory and Cardiosomatic Psychophysiology 1986, 284-300. Plenum Press, New York. P. Grossman, K.H. Janssen, D. Vaitl (Eds.).
28. Grossman P., van Beek J., Wientjes C. A comparison of three quantification methods for estimation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Psychophysiology 1990, 27:702-714.
29. Gutin B., Howe C., Johnson M.H., Humphries M.C., Snieder H., Barbeau P. Heart rate variability in adolescents: relations to physical activity, fitness, and adiposity. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2005, 37:1856-1863.
30. Hatfield B.D., Spalding T.W., Santa Maria D.L., Porges S.W., Potts J.T., Byrne E.A., Brody E.B., Mahon A.D. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia during exercise in aerobically trained and untrained men. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 1998, 30:206-214.
31. Houtveen J.H., Molenaar P.C. Comparison between the Fourier and Wavelet methods of spectral analysis applied to stationary and nonstationary heart period data. Psychophysiology 2001, 38:729-735.
32. Houtveen J.H., Groot P.F., de Geus E.J. Validation of the thoracic impedance derived respiratory signal using multilevel analysis. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 2006, 59:97-106.
33. Katona P.G., Jih R. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: a non-invasive measure of parasympathetic cardiac control. J. Appl. Physiol. 1975, 39:801-805.
34. Katona P.G., McLean M., Dighton D.H., Guz A. Sympathetic and parasympathetic cardiac control in athletes and nonathletes at rest. J. Appl. Physiol. 1982, 52:1652-1657.
35. Kingwell B.A., Dart A.M., Jennings G.L., Korner P.I. Exercise training reduces the sympathetic component of the blood pressure-heart rate baroreflex in man. Clin. Sci. (Lond.) 1992, 82:357-362.
36. Kupper N., Willemsen G., Posthuma D., de Boer B.D., Boomsma D.I., de Geus E.J. A genetic analysis of ambulatory cardiorespiratory coupling. Psychophysiology 2005, 42:202-212.
37. Levy W.C., Cerqueira M.D., Harp G.D., Johannessen K.A., Abrass I.B., Schwartz R.S., Stratton J.R. Effect of endurance exercise training on heart rate variability at rest in healthy young and older men. Am. J. Cardiol. 1998, 82:1236-1241.
38. Lewis S.F., Nylander E., Gad P., Areskog N.H. Non-autonomic component in bradycardia of endurance trained men at rest and during exercise. Acta Physiol. Scand. 1980, 109:297-305.
39. Lin Y.C., Horvath S.M. Autonomic nervous control of cardiac frequency in exercise-trained rat. J. Appl. Physiol. 1972, 33:796-800.
40. Loimaala A., Huikuri H., Oja P., Pasanen M., Vuori I. Controlled 5-mo aerobic training improves heart rate but not heart rate variability or baroreflex sensitivity. J. Appl. Physiol. 2000, 89:1825-1829.
41. Malik M., Camm A.J. Components of heart-rate-variability - what they really mean and what we really measure. Am. J. Cardiol. 1993, 72:821-822.
42. Martinmaki K., Rusko H., Kooistra L., Kettunen J., Saalasti S. Intraindividual validation of heart rate variability indexes to measure vagal effects on hearts. Am. J. Physiol. Heart. Circ. Physiol. 2006, 290:H640-H647.
43. Melanson E.L. Resting heart rate variability in men varying in habitual physical activity. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2000, 32:1894-1901.
44. Melanson E.L., Freedson P.S. The effect of endurance training on resting heart rate variability in sedentary adult males. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2001, 85:442-449.
45. Mueller P.J. Exercise training and sympathetic nervous system activity: evidence for physical activity dependent neural plasticity. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 2007, 34:377-384.
46. Negrao C.E., Moreira E.D., Brum P.C., Denadai M.L.D.R., Krieger E.M. Vagal and sympathetic control of heart-rate during exercise by sedentary and exercise-trained rats. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 1992, 25:1045-1052.
47. Nunan D., Jakovljevic D.G., Donovan G., Singleton L.D., Sandercock G.R., Brodie D.A. Resting autonomic modulations and the heart rate response to exercise. Clin. Auton. Res. 2010, 20:213-221.
48. Powell K.E., Thompson P.D., Caspersen C.J., Kendrick J.S. Physical activity and the incidence of coronary heart disease. Annu. Rev. Public Health 1987, 8:253-287.
49. Pyetan E., Toledo E., Zoran O., Akselrod S. Parametric description of cardiac vagal control. Auton. Neurosci. 2003, 109:42-52.
50. Rice T., An P., Gagnon J., Leon A.S., Skinner J.S., Wilmore J.H., Bouchard C., Rao D.C. Heritability of HR and BP response to exercise training in the HERITAGE Family Study. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2002, 34:972-979.
51. Sacknoff D.M., Gleim G.W., Stachenfeld N., Coplan N.L. Effect of athletic training on heart rate variability. Am. Heart J. 1994, 127:1275-1278.
52. Sandercock G.R., Bromley P.D., Brodie D.A. Effects of exercise on heart rate variability: inferences from meta-analysis. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2005, 37:433-439.
53. Scheuer J., Tipton C.M. Cardiovascular adaptation to physical training. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1977, 39:221-251.
54. Schuit A.J., van Amelsvoort L.G., Verheij T.C., Rijneke R.D., Maan A.C., Swenne C.A., Schouten E.G. Exercise training and heart rate variability in older people. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 1999, 31:816-821.
55. Scott A.S., Eberhard A., Ofir D., Benchetrit G., Dinh T.P., Calabrese P., Lesiuk V., Perrault H. Enhanced cardiac vagal efferent activity does not explain training-induced bradycardia. Auton. Neurosci. 2004, 112:60-68.
56. Shin K., Minamitani H., Onishi S., Yamazaki H., Lee M. Autonomic differences between athletes and nonathletes: spectral analysis approach. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 1997, 29:1482-1490.
57. Smith M.L., Hudson D.L., Graitzer H.M., Raven P.B. Exercise training bradycardia - the role of autonomic balance. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 1989, 21:40-44.
58. Stein P.K., Ehsani A.A., Domitrovich P.P., Kleiger R.E., Rottman J.N. Effect of exercise training on heart rate variability in healthy older adults. Am. Heart J. 1999, 138:567-576.
59. Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Circulation 1996, 93:1043-1065. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology the North American Society of Pacing.
60. Uusitalo A.L.T., Tahvanainen K.U.O., Uusitalo A.J., Rusko H.K. Non-invasive evaluation of sympathovagal balance in athletes by time and frequency domain analyses of heart rate and blood pressure variability. Clin. Physiol. 1996, 16:575-588.
61. Uusitalo A.L.T., Laitinen T., Vaisanen S.B., Lansimies E., Rauramaa R. Effects of endurance training on heart rate and blood pressure variability. Clin. Physiol. Funct. Imaging 2002, 22:173-179.
62. Uusitalo A.L., Laitinen T., Vaisanen S.B., Lansimies E., Rauramaa R. Physical training and heart rate and blood pressure variability: a 5-yr randomized trial. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 2004, 286:H1821-H1826.
63. Williams P.T. Physical fitness and activity as separate heart disease risk factors: a meta-analysis. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2001, 33:754-761.