Risk for cardiovascular events in an Italian population of patients with type 2 diabetes

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Volumn 21, Issue 11, 2011, Pages 885-892

  Pellegrini, E ^a   Maurantonio, M ^a   Giannico, I M ^a   Simonini, M S ^a   Ganazzi, D ^a   Carulli, L ^a   D'Amico, R ^a   Baldini, A ^a   Loria, P ^a   Bertolotti, M ^a   Carulli, N ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MODENA AND REGGIO EMILIA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular risk; Coronary heart disease; Diabetes mellitus; Epidemiology; Risk algorithms; Risk stratification

Indexed keywords

GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL;

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; BLOOD; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; FEMALE; HUMAN; ITALY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE; SMOKING;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; ALGORITHMS; BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHOLESTEROL, HDL; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; FEMALE; HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED; HUMANS; ITALY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SEX FACTORS; SMOKING;

EID: 80053977979     PISSN: 09394753     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.02.022     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Smith S.C., Jackson R., Pearson T.A., Fuster V., Yusuf S., Faergeman O., et al. Principles for National and Regional guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention. A scientific statement from the World Heart and Stroke Forum. Circulation 2004, 109:3112-3121.
2. Menotti A., Lanti M., Puddu P.E., Kromhout D. Coronary heart disease incidence in northern and southern European populations: a reanalysis of the Seven Countries Study for a European coronary risk chart. Heart 2000, 84:238-244.
3. Vaccaro O., Eberly L.E., Neaton J.D., Yang L., Riccardi G., Stamler J. Impact of diabetes and previous myocardial infarction on long-term survival: 25-year mortality follow-up of primary screenees of the multiple risk factor intervention trial. Arch Intern Med 2004, 164:1438-1443. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) Research Group.
4. Wilson P.W.F., Castelli W.P., Kannel W.B. Coronary risk prediction in adults (The Framingham Heart Study). Am J Cardiol 1987, 59:916-946.
5. Yudkin J.S., Chaturvedi N. Developing risk stratification charts for diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Diabet Med 1999, 16:219-227.
6. Gaede P., Lund-Andersen H., Parving H.H., Pedersen O. Effect of a multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008, 358:580-591.
7. Wilson W.F., D'Agostino R.B., Levy D., Belanger A.M., Silbershatz H., Kannel W.B. Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories. Circulation 1998, 97:1837-1847.
8. UKPDS Group The UKPDS risk engine: a model for the risk of coronary heart disease in type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 56). Clin Sci 2001, 101:671-679.
9. Menotti A., Lanti M., Puddu P.E., Carratelli L., Mancini M., Motolese M., et al. The risk functions incorporated in Riskard 2002: a software for the prediction of cardiovascular risk in the general population based on Italian data. Ital Heart J 2002, 3:114-121.
10. Giampaoli S., Palmieri L., Chiodini P., Cesana G., Ferrario M., Panico S., et al. The global cardiovascular risk chart. Ital Heart J Suppl 2004, 5:177-185.
11. Palmieri L., Panico S., Vanuzzo D., Ferrario M., Pilotto L., Sega R., et al. Evaluation of the global cardiovascular absolute risk: the Progetto Cuore individual score. Ann Ist Super Sanita 2004, 40:393-399. Gruppo di Ricerca del Progetto CUORE.
12. Haffner S.M., Lehto S., Ronnemaa T., Pyorala K., Laakso M. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1998, 339:229-234.
13. Natarajan S., Liao Y., Cao G., Lipsitz S.R., McGee D.L. Sex differences in risk for coronary heart disease mortality associated with diabetes and established coronary heart disease. Arch Intern Med 2003, 163:1735-1740.
14. Selvin E., Coresh J., Golden S.H., Boland L.L., Brancati F.L., Steffes M.W. Glycemic control, atherosclerosis, and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in individuals with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2005, 28:1965-1973.
15. UKPDS Group Effect of intense blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet 1998, 352:854-865.
16. Lucioni C., Garancini M.P., Massi-Benedetti M., Mazzi S., Serra G. The costs of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Italy: a CODE-2 sub-study. Treat Endocrinol 2003, 2:121-133. CODE-2 Italian Advisory Board.
17. Bruno G., Merletti F., Bargero G., Melis D., Masi I., Ianni A., et al. Changes over time in the prevalence and quality of care of type 2 diabetes in Italy: the Casale Monferrato surveys, 1988 and 2000. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2008, 18:39-45.
18. Gnavi R., Karaghiosoff L., Costa G., Merletti F., Bruno G. Socio-economic differences in the prevalence of diabetes in Italy: the population-based Turin study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2008, 18:678-682.
19. Noto D., Cefalù A.B., Barbagallo C.M., Sapienza M., Cavera G., Nardi I., et al. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are associated with cardiovascular events in the elderly without cardiovascular disease. Results of a 15-year follow-up in a Mediterranean population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2009, 19:321-326.
20. Brunzell J.D., Davidson M., Furberg C.D., Goldberg R.B., Howard B.V., Stein J.H., et al. Lipoprotein management in patients with cardiometabolic risk: consensus conference report from the American Diabetes Association and the American College of Cardiology Foundation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008, 51:1512-1524.
21. Holman R.R., Paul S.K., Bethel M.A., Neil H.A., Matthews D.R. Long term follow-up after tight control of blood pressure in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008, 359:1565-1576.
22. Holman R.R., Paul S.K., Bethel M.A., Matthews D.R., Neil H.A. 10-years follow up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008, 359:1577-1589.
23. Giesler P.D., Bjornsen S.S., Rahn D.A., Smith S.A., Montori V.M. Cardiovascular risk reduction and diabetes education: what are we telling our patients?. Diabetes Educ 2004, 30:994-999. EVIDENS Research Group.
24. Byrne C.D., Wild S.H. Diabetes care needs evidence based interventions to reduce risk of vascular disease. Br Med J 2000, 320:1554-1555.
25. Di Carli M.F., Hachamovitch R. Should we screen for occult coronary artery disease among asymptomatic patients with diabetes?. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 45:50-53.
26. Assmann G., Cullen P., Schulte H. Simple scoring scheme for calculating the risk of acute coronary events based on the 10-year follow up of the Prospective Cardiovascular Munster (PROCAM) Study. Circulation 2002, 105:310-315.
27. Giampaoli S., Palmieri L., Mattiello A., Panico S. Definition of high risk individuals to optimise strategies for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2005, 15:79-85.
28. Graham I., Atar D., Borch-Johnsen K., Boysen G., Burell G., Cifkova R., et al. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary. Atherosclerosis 2007, 194:1-45. ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines.
29. Empana J.P., Ducimetière P., Arveiler D., Ferrières J., Evans A., Ruidavets J.B., et al. Are the Framingham and PROCAM coronary heart disease risk functions applicable to different European populations? The PRIME Study. Eur Heart J 2003, 24:1903-1911. PRIME Study Group.
30. Jackson R. Cardiovascular risk prediction: are we there yet?. Heart 2008, 94:1-3.
31. Verschuren W.M., Jacobs D.R., Bloemberg B.P., Kromhout D., Menotti A., Aravanis C., et al. Serum total cholesterol and long-term coronary heart disease mortality in different cultures. Twenty-five-year follow up of the Seven Countries Study. JAMA 1995, 274:131-136.
32. Fang Z.Y., Marwick T.H. Vascular dysfunction and heart failure: epiphenomenon or etiologic agent?. Am Heart J 2002, 143:383-390.
33. Huiart L., Ernst P., Suissa S. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in COPD. Chest 2005, 128:2640-2646.
34. Coleman R.L., Stevens R.J., Retnakaran R., Holman R.R. Framingham, SCORE, and DECODE risk equations do not provide reliable cardiovascular risk estimates in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2007, 30:1292-1293.
35. Simmons R.K., Coleman R.L., Price H.C., Holman R.R., Khaw K.T., Wareham N.J., et al. Performance of the UK prospective diabetes study risk engine and the Framingham risk equations in estimating cardiovascular disease in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort. Diabetes Care 2009, 32:708-713.