Severe soil frost reduces losses of carbon and nitrogen from the forest floor during simulated snowmelt: A laboratory experiment

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

Volumn 44, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 65-74

  Reinmann, Andrew B ^a   Templer, Pamela H ^a   Campbell, John L ^b  

^a USA   (United States)

^b US Forest Service   (United States)

Author keywords

Forest floor; Greenhouse gas; Leachate; Snowmelt; Winter climate change

Indexed keywords

ABIES BALSAMEA; ACER SACCHARUM; BALSAM FIR; C AND N CYCLING; CARBON AND NITROGEN; DISSOLVED ORGANIC C; DISSOLVED ORGANIC N; FOREST FLOOR SOILS; FOREST FLOORS; FOREST TYPE; GASEOUS FLUX; HUBBARD BROOK EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS; LEACHATES; NET LOSS; NEW HAMPSHIRE; RED SPRUCE; SIGNIFICANT IMPACTS; SNOWMELT; SOIL CORES; SOIL FROST; SUGAR MAPLE; THREE TEMPERATURE; TOTAL FLUX;

CARBON DIOXIDE; CLIMATE CHANGE; DISSOLUTION; EXPERIMENTS; FLOORS; FORESTRY; FROST EFFECTS; GREENHOUSE GASES; LEACHATE TREATMENT; LEACHING; SNOW MELTING SYSTEMS; SUGARS; WASTE DISPOSAL;

SOILS;

CARBON CYCLE; CLIMATE CHANGE; CONIFEROUS TREE; DECIDUOUS TREE; DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON; DISSOLVED ORGANIC NITROGEN; EVERGREEN TREE; FOREST FLOOR; FROST; GREENHOUSE GAS; LABORATORY METHOD; LEACHATE; MIXED FOREST; NITROGEN; NITROGEN CYCLE; SNOWMELT; SOIL CARBON; SOIL TEMPERATURE;

CLIMATES; DISSOLVING; EXPERIMENTATION; FLOORS; FORESTS; FROST; GREENHOUSE GASES; LABORATORIES; MELTING; SNOW; WASTE DISPOSAL;

HUBBARD BROOK EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; NEW HAMPSHIRE; UNITED STATES;

ABIES; ABIES BALSAMEA; ACER; ACER SACCHARUM; FAGUS; FAGUS GRANDIFOLIA; PICEA; PICEA RUBENS;

EID: 80053902316     PISSN: 00380717     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.08.018     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Årgen A., Buffam I., Berggren M., Bishop K., Jansson M. Dissolved organic carbon characteristics in boreal streams in a forest-wetland gradient during the transition between winter and summer. Journal of Geophysical Research 2008, 113:G03031.
2. Austnes K., Vestgarden L.S. Prolonged frost increases release of C and N from a montaine heathland soil in southern Norway. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 2008, 40:2540-2546.
3. Austnes K., Kaste Ø, Vestgarden L.S., Mulder J. Manipulation of snow in small headwater catchments at Storgama, Norway: effects on leaching of total organic carbon and total organic nitrogen. Ambio 2008, 37:38-47.
4. Boutin R., Robitaille G. Increased soil nitrate losses under mature sugar maple trees affected by experimentally induced deep frost. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 1994, 25:588-602.
5. 2O from alpine tundra: environmental controls and relationship to inter-system C and N fluxes. Oecologia 1997, 110:403-413.
6. Brooks P.D., Williams M.W., Schmidt K. Inorganic nitrogen and microbial biomass dynamics before and during spring snowmelt. Biogeochemistry 1998, 43:1-15.
7. Buchman N. Biotic and abiotic factors regulating soil respiration rates in Picea abies stands. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 2000, 32:1625-1635.
8. Callesen I., Borken W., Kalbitz K., Matzner E. Long-term development of nitrogen fluxes in a coniferous ecosystem: does soil freezing trigger nitrate leaching?. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 2007, 170:189-196.
9. Campbell J.L., Hornbeck J.W., McDowell W.H., Buso D.C., Shanley J.B., Likens G.E. Dissolved organic nitrogen budgets for upland, forested ecosystems in New England. Biogeochemistry 2000, 49:123-142.
10. Campbell J.L., Mitchell M.J., Groffman P.M., Christenson L.M., Hardy J.P. Winter in northeastern North America: a critical period for ecological processes. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 2005, 3:314-322.
11. Campbell J.L., Ollinger S.V., Flerchinger G.N., Wicklein H., Hayhoe K., Bailey A.S. Past and projected future changes in snowpack and soil frost at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA. Hydrological Processes 2010, 24:2465-2480.
12. Chirstopher S.H., Shibata H., Ozawa M., Nakagawa Y., Mitchell M.J. The effect of soil freezing on N cycling: comparison of two headwater subcatchments with different vegetation and snowpack conditions in the northern Hokkaido Island of Japan. Biogeochemistry 2008, 88:15-30.
13. Clein J.S., Schimel J.P. Microbial activity of tundra and taiga soils at subzero temperatures. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 1995, 27:1231-1234.
14. Coxson D.S., Parkinson D. Winter respiratory activity in aspen woodland forest floor litter and soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 1987, 19:49-59.
15. Crill P.M. Seasonal patterns of methane uptake and carbon dioxide release by a temperate woodland soil. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 1991, 5:319-334.
16. Decker K.L., Wang D., Waite C., Scherbatskoy T. Snow removal and ambient air temperature effects on forest soil temperatures in Northern Vermont. Soil Science Society of America Journal 2003, 67:1234-1242.
17. 2O emissions from agricultural lands. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 2010, 150:817-824.
18. Dittman J.A., Driscoll C.T., Groffman P.M., Fahey T.J. Dynamics of nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. Ecology 2007, 88:1153-1166.
19. Driscol C.T., Lawrence G.B., Bulger A.J., Butler T.J., Cronan C.S., Eagar C., Lambert K.F., Likens G.E., Stoddard J.L., Weathers K.C. Acidic deposition in the northeastern United States: sources and inputs, ecosystem effects, and management strategies. BioScience 2001, 51:180-198.
20. Dorland S., Beauchamp E.G. Denitrification and ammonification at low soil temperatures. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 1991, 71:293-303.
21. Fahey T.J., Siccama T.G., Driscoll C.T., Likens G.E., Campbell J., Johnson C.E., Battles J.J., Aber J.D., Cole J.J., Fisk M.C., Groffman P.M., Hamburg S.P., Holmes R.T., Schwarz P.A., Yanai R.D. The biogeochemistry of carbon at Hubbard Brook. Biogeochemistry 2005, 75:109-176.
22. Filippa G., Freppaz M., Williams M.W., Helmig D., Liptzin D., Seok B., Hall B., Chowanski K. Winter and summer nitrous oxide and nitrogen oxides fluxes from a seasonally snow-covered subalpine meadow at Niwot Ridge, Colorado. Biogeochemistry 2009, 95:131-149.
23. Fitzhugh R.D., Driscoll C.T., Groffman P.T., Tierney G.T., Fahey T.J., Hardy J.P. Effects of soil freezing disturbance on soil solution nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon chemistry in a northern hardwood ecosystem. Biogeochemistry 2001, 56:215-238.
24. Fitzhugh R.D., Likens G.E., Driscoll C.T., Mitchell M.J., Groffman P.M., Fahey T.J., Hardy J.P. Role of soil freezing events in interannual patterns of stream chemistry at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. Environmental Science and Technology 2003, 37:1575-1580.
25. Friedland A.J., Johnson A.H., Siccama T.G. Coniferous litter decomposition on Camels Hump, Vermont: a review. Canadian Journal of Botany 1986, 64:1349-1354.
26. 2O emission in a Norway spruce forest due to soil frost: concentration and isotope profiles shed a new light on an old story. Biogeochemistry 2010, 97:21-30.
27. Goodale C.L., Aber J.D., Vitousek P.M. An unexpected nitrate decline in New Hampshire Streams. Ecosystems 2003, 6:75-86.
28. Goodroad L.L., Keeney D.R. Nitrous oxide emissions from soils during thawing. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 1984, 64:187-194.
29. Groffman P.M., Driscoll C.T., Fahey T.J., Hardy J.P., Fitzhugh R.D., Tierney G.L. Effects of mild winter freezing on soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics in a northern hardwood forest. Biogeochemistry 2001, 56:191-213.
30. Groffman P.M., Hardy J.P., Driscoll C.T., Fahey T.J. Snow depth, soil freezing, and fluxes of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane in a northern hardwood forest. Global Change Biology 2006, 12:1748-1760.
31. Groffman P.M., Hardy J.P., Fashu-Kanu S., Driscoll C.T., Cleavitt N.L., Fahey T.J., Fisk M.C. Snow depth, soil freezing and nitrogen cycling in a northern hardwood forest landscape. Biogeochemistry 2010, 102:223-238.
32. Haei M., Oquist M.G., Buffam I., Agren A., Blomkvist P., Bishop K., Lofvenius M.O., Laudon H. Cold winter soils enhance dissolved organic carbon concentrations in soil and stream water. Geophysical Research Letters 2010, 37.
33. Hardy J.P., Groffman P.M., Fitzhugh R.D., Henry K.S., Welman A.T., Demers J.D., Fahey T.J., Driscoll C.T., Tierney G.L., Nolan S. Snow depth manipulation and its influence on soil frost and water dynamics in a northern hardwood forest. Biogeochemistry 2001, 56:151-174.
34. Hayhoe K., Wake C.P., Huntington T.G., Luo L.F., Schwartz M.D., Sheffield J., Wood E., Anderson B., Bradbury J., DeGaetano A., Troy T.J., Wolfe D. Past and future changes in climate and hydrological indicators in the US Northeast. Climate Dynamics 2007, 28:381-407.
35. Henry A.L. Soil freeze-thaw cycle experiments: trends, methodological weaknesses and suggested improvements. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2007, 39:977-986.
36. Henry H.A.L. Climate change and soil freezing dynamics: historical trends and projected changes. Climatic Change 2008, 87:421-434.
37. Hentschel K., Borken W., Matzner E. Repeated freeze-thaw events affect leaching losses of nitrogen and dissolved organic matter in a forest soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 2008, 171:699-706.
38. Hentschel K., Borken W., Zuber T., Bogner C., Huwe B., Matzner E. Effects of soil frost on nitrogen net mineralization, soil solution chemistry and seepage losses in a temperate forest soil. Global Change Biology 2009, 15:825-836.
39. Hutchinson G.L., Mosier A.R. Improved soil cover methods for field measurements of nitrous oxide fluxes. Soil Science Society of America Journal 1981, 45:311-316.
40. 2 efflux from a mixed forest: temporal and spatial integration. Forest Ecosystem Modelling, Upscaling and Remote Sensing 1999, 19-31. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague. R.J.M. Ceulemans, F. Veroustraete, V. Gond, J.B.H. VanRensbergen (Eds.).
41. Johnson C.E., Romanowicz R.B., Siccama T.G. Conservation of exchangeable cations after clear-cutting of a northern hardwood forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 1997, 27:859-868.
42. Johnson C.E., Driscoll C.T., Siccama T.G., Likens G.E. Element fluxes and landscape position in a northern hardwood forest watershed ecosystem. Ecosystems 2000, 3:159-184.
43. Judd K.E., Likens G.E., Groffman P.M. High nitrate retention during winter in soils of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. Ecosystems 2007, 10:217-225.
44. Likens G.E., Bormann F.H. Biogeochemistry of a Forested Ecosystem 1995, Springer Verlag, New York. second ed.
45. Lindström G., Bishop K., Lofvenius M.O. Soil frost and runoff at Svartberget, northern Sweden - measurements and model analysis. Hydrological Processes 2002, 16:3379-3392.
46. Livingston G.P., Hutchinson G.L., Spartalian K. Trace gas emission in chambers: a non-steady-state diffusion model. Soil Science Society of America Journal 2006, 70:1459-1469.
47. Lovett G.M., Weathers K.C., Arthur M.A., Schultz J.C. Nitrogen cycling in a northern hardwood forest: do species matter?. Biogeochemistry 2004, 67:289-308.
48. Lundegårdh H. Carbon dioxide evolution of soil and crop growth. Soil Science 1927, 23:417-453.
49. 4 in boreal agricultural soil during winter as affected by snow cover. Tellus Series B-Chemical and Physical Meteorology 2007, 59:853-859.
50. Matzner E., Borken W. Do freeze-thaw events enhance C and N losses from soils of different ecosystems? A review. European Journal of Soil Science 2008, 59:274-284.
51. Mikan C.J., Schimel J.P., Doyle A.P. Temperature controls of microbial respiration in arctic tundra soils above and below freezing. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 2002, 34:1785-1795.
52. Monson R.K., Lipson D.L., Burns S.P., Turnipseed A.A., Delany A.C., Williams M.W., Schmidt S.K. Winter forest soil respiration controlled by climate and microbial community composition. Nature 2006, 439:711-714.
53. Muhr J., Borken W., Matzner E. Effects of soil frost on soil respiration and its radiocarbon signature in a Norway spruce forest soil. Global Change Biology 2009, 15:782-793.
54. Pacific V., McGlynn B., Riveros-Iregui D., Welsch D., Epstein H. Variability in soil respiration across riparian-hillslope transitions. Biogeochemistry 2008, 91:51-70.
55. Pastor J., Aber J.D., McClaugherty C.A., Melillo J.M. Above-ground production and N and P cycling along a nitrogen mineralization gradient on Blackhawk Island, Wisconsin. Ecology 1984, 65:256-268.
56. Rascher C.M., Driscoll C.T., Peters N.E. Concentration and flux of solutes from snow and forest floor during snowmelt in the west-central Adirondack region of New York. Biogeochemistry 1987, 3:209-224.
57. Schimel J.P., Clein J.S. Microbial response to freeze-thaw cycles in tundra and taiga soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 1996, 28:1061-1066.
58. Schmitt A., Glaser B., Borken W., Matzner E. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles changed organic matter quality in a temperate forest soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 2008, 171:707-718.
59. Sebestyen S.D., Boyer E.W., Shanley J.B., Kendall C., Doctor D.H., Aiken G.R., Ohte N. Sources, transformations, and hydrological processes that control stream nitrate and dissolved organic matter concentrations during snowmelt in an upland forest. Water Resources Research 2008, 44.
60. Sommerfeld R.A., Massman W.J., Musselman R.C., Mosier A.R. Diffusional flux of CO2 through snow: spatial and temporal variability among alpine-subalpine sites. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 1996, 10:473-482.
61. Steinweg J.M., Fisk M.C., McAlexander B., Groffman P.M., Hardy J.P. Experimental snowpack reduction alters organic matter and net N mineralization potential of soil macroaggregates in a northern hardwood forest. Biology and Fertility of Soils 2008, 45:1-10.
62. Templer P., Findlay S., Lovett G. Soil microbial biomass and nitrogen transformations among five tree species of the Catskill Mountains, New York, USA. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 2003, 35:607-613.
63. Templer P.H., Lovett G.M., Weathers K.C., Findlay S.E., Dawson T.E. Influence of tree species on forest nitrogen retention in the Catskill Mountains, New York, USA. Ecosystems 2005, 8:1-16.
64. Tierney G.L., Fahey T.J., Groffman P.M., Hardy J.P., Fitzhugh R.D., Driscoll C.T. Soil freezing alters fine root dynamics in a northern hardwood forest. Biogeochemistry 2001, 56:175-190.
65. Tierney G.L., Fahey T.J., Groffman P.M., Hardy J.P., Fitzhugh R.D., Driscoll C.T., Yavitt J.B. Environmental control of fine root dynamics in a northern hardwood forest. Global Change Biology 2003, 9:670-679.
66. Venäläinen A., Tuomenvirta H., Heikinheimo M., Kellomaki S., Peltola H., Strandman H., Vaisanen H. Impact of climate change on soil frost under snow cover in a forested landscape. Climate Research 2001, 17:63-72.
67. Zhao L., Ping C.L., Yang D.Q., Cheng G.D., Ding Y.J., Liu S.Y. Changes of climate and seasonally frozen ground over the past 30 years in Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau, China. Global and Planetary Change 2004, 43:19-31.