Two styles of reasoning in scientific practices: Experimental and mathematical traditions

International Studies in the Philosophy of Science

Volumn 25, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 255-278

  Boon, Mieke ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 80053651549     PISSN: 02698595     EISSN: 14699281     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02698595.2011.605248     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Ackermann, R. J. 1985. Data, instruments and theory: A dialectical approach to understanding science. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
2. -. 1989. The new experimentalism. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 40: 185-190.
3. Bailer-Jones, D. M. 2009. Scientific models in philosophy of science. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
4. Baird, D. F., and T. Faust. 1990. Scientific instruments, scientific progress and the Cyclotron. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 41: 147-175.
5. Bogen, J., and J. Woodward. 1988. Saving the phenomena. Philosophical Review 97: 303-352.
6. Boon, M. 2006. How science is applied in technology. International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 20: 27-47.
7. -. 2008. Diagrammatic models in the engineering sciences. Foundations of Science 13: 127-142.
8. -. 2009. Understanding in the engineering sciences: Interpretative structures. In Scientific understanding: Philosophical perspectives, edited by H. W. de Regt, S. Leonelli, and K. Eigner, 249-270. Pittsburgh, PA: Pittsburgh University Press.
9. -. Forthcoming-a. In defence of the engineering sciences: On the epistemological relations between science and technology. Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology.
10. -. Forthcoming-b. Understanding scientific practices: The role of robustness notions. In Characterizing the robustness of science after the practical turn of the philosophy of science, edited by L. Soler, E. Trizio, T. Nickles, and W. Wimsatt. Dordrecht: Springer.
11. -. Forthcoming-c. Scientific concepts in the engineering sciences: Epistemic tools as designs. In Scientific concepts and investigative practice, edited by U. Feest and F. Steinle. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
12. Boon, M., and T. T. Knuuttila. 2009. Models as epistemic tools in the engineering sciences: A pragmatic approach. In Handbook of the philosophy of technological sciences, edited by A. Meijers, 687-719. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
13. Boumans, M. 1999. Built-in justification. In Models as mediators: Perspectives on natural and social science, edited by M. S. Morgan and M. Morrison, 66-96. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
14. Cartwright, N. 1983. How the laws of physics lie. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
15. -. 1989. Nature's capacities and their measurement. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
16. -. 1999. The dappled world: A study of the boundaries of science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
17. Chang, H. 2004. Inventing temperature: Measurement and scientific progress. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
18. -. 2009. Ontological principles and the intelligibility of epistemic activities. In Scientific understanding: Philosophical perspectives, edited by H. W. de Regt, S. Leonelli, and K. Eigner, 64-82. Pittsburgh, PA: Pittsburgh University Press.
19. Crombie, A. C. 1995. Styles of scientific thinking in the European tradition: The history of argument and explanation especially in the mathematical and biomedical sciences and arts. 3 vols. London: Duckworth.
20. Dear, P. 2006. The intelligibility of nature: How science makes sense of the world. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
21. Ducheyne, S. 2007. Mathematical models in Newton's Principia: A new view of the 'Newtonian style'. International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 19: 1-19.
22. Feest, U. 2008. Concepts as tools in the experimental generation of knowledge in psychology. In Generating experimental knowledge, edited by U. Feest, G. Hon, H. J. Rheinberger, J. Schickore, and F. Steinle, 19-26. Berlin: MPI Preprint.
23. Franklin, A. 1986. The neglect of experiment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
24. -. 2009. Experiment in physics. In Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy, edited by E. N. Zalta [cited 29 June 2011]. Available from http://plato. stanford.edu/entries/physics-experiment; INTERNET.
25. Friedman, M. 1974. Explanation and scientific understanding. Journal of Philosophy 71: 5-19.
26. Frigg, R. 2002. Models and representation: Why structures are not enough. Measurement in Physics and Economics Discussion Paper Series. London: London School of Economics.
27. Galison, P. 1987. How experiments end. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
28. Giere, R. N. 1988. Explaining science: A cognitive approach. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
29. -. 1999. Science without laws. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
30. -. 2004. How models are used to represent reality. Philosophy of Science 71 (Proceedings): S742-S752.
31. -. 2006. Scientific perspectivism. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
32. Glymour, B. 2000. Data and phenomena: A distinction reconsidered. Erkenntnis 52: 29-37.
33. Gooding, D., T. Pinch, and S. Schaffer, eds. 1989. The uses of experiment: Studies in the natural sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
34. Hacking, I. 1983. Representing and intervening: Introductory topics in the philosophy of natural science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
35. -. 1992. The self-vindication of the laboratory sciences. In Science as practice and culture, edited by A. Pickering, 29-64. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
36. Harré, R. 1998. Recovering the experiment. Philosophy 73: 353-377.
37. -. 2003. The materiality of instruments in a metaphysics for experiments. In The philosophy of scientific experimentation, edited by H. Radder, 19-38. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
38. Heidelberger, M. 2003. Theory-ladenness and scientific instruments. In The philosophy of scientific experimentation, edited by H. Radder, 138-151. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
39. Hesse, M. B. 1966. Models and analogies in science. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
40. Janiak, A. 2007. Newton and the reality of force. Journal of the History of Philosophy 45: 127-147.
41. Kant, I. [1787] 1998. Critique of pure reason. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
42. Kellert, S. H., H. E. Longino, and C. K. Waters, eds. 2006. Scientific pluralism. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
43. Kitcher, P. 1976. Explanation, conjunction, and unification. Journal of Philosophy 73: 207-212.
44. -. 1981. Explanatory unification. Philosophy of Science 48: 507-531.
45. Knuuttila, T. T. 2005. Models, representation, and mediation. Philosophy of Science 72: 1260-1271.
46. Knuuttila, T. T., and M. Boon. Forthcoming. How do models give us knowledge? The case of Carnot's ideal heat engine. European Journal of Philosophy of Science.
47. Kuhn, T. S. 1970. The structure of scientific revolutions. 2nd ed. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
48. -. 1977. Mathematical versus experimental traditions in the development of physical science. Reprinted in T. S. Kuhn, The essential tension. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
49. Kwa, C. 2011. Styles of knowing: A new history of science from ancient times to the present. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
50. Ladyman, J. 2008. Structural realism. In Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy, edited by E. N. Zalta [cited 29 June 2011]. http://plato.stanford. edu/archives/spr2008/entries/structural-realism; INTERNET.
51. Lynch, M. P. 1998. Truth in context: An essay on pluralism and objectivity. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
52. Massimi, M. 2008. Why there are no ready-made phenomena: What philosophers of science should learn from Kant. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 83: 1-35.
53. Mayo, D. G. 1996. Error and the growth of experimental knowledge. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
54. McAllister, J. W. 1997. Phenomena and patterns in data sets. Erkenntnis 47: 217-228.
55. Mitchell, S. D. 2009. Unsimple truths: Science, complexity, and policy. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
56. Morrison, M. 1999. Models as autonomous agents. In Models as mediators: Perspectives on natural and social science, edited by M. S. Morgan and M. Morrison, 38-65. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
57. Morrison, M., and M. S. Morgan, eds. 1999. Models as mediators: Perspectives on natural and social science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
58. Neiman, S. 1994. The unity of reason: Rereading Kant. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
59. Nersessian, N. J. 2008. Creating scientific concepts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
60. Pickstone, J. V. 2000. Ways of knowing: A new history of science, technology, and medicine. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
61. Psillos, S. 2000. The present state of the scientific realism debate. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 51: 705-728.
62. Putnam, H. 1981. Reason, truth and history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
63. Radder, H. 1996. In and about the world: Philosophical studies of science and technology. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
64. -, ed. 2003. The philosophy of scientific experimentation. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
65. Roels, J. A. 1983. Energetics and kinetics in biotechnology. Amsterdam: Elsevier Biomedical Press.
66. Rouse, J. 2009. Articulating the world: Toward a new scientific image. Paper presented at the workshop The Role of Experiment in Modeling, San Francisco State University [cited 29 June 2011]. Available from https://wesfiles.wesleyan.edu/home/jrouse/Articulating%20the% 20World.pdf; INTERNET.
67. Salmon, W. C. 1985. Conflicting conceptions of scientific explanation. Journal of Philosophy 82: 651-654.
68. -. [1990] 2002. Scientific explanation: Causation and unification. Reprinted in Philosophy of science: Contemporary readings, edited by Y. Balashov and A. Rosenberg, 92-105. London: Routledge.
69. -. 1998. Causality and explanation. New York: Oxford University Press.
70. Scriven, M. 1975. Causation as explanation. Noûs 9: 3-16.
71. Simpson, T. K. 2006. Maxwell on the electromagnetic field. New Brunswick, New Jersey, and London: Rutgers University Press.
72. Smith, C. 1989. Energy. In Companion to the history of modern science, edited by R. C. Olby, G. N. Cantor, J. R. R. Christie, and M. J. S. Hodge, 326-341.
73. London: Routledge. SPSP (Society for the Philosophy of Science in Practice) 2006. Mission statement of the Society for the Philosophy of Science in Practice [cited 29 June 2011]. http://www.utwente.nl/gw/spsp/about/SPSP- purpose-051202.doc; INTERNET.
74. Steinle, F. 2002. Challenging established concepts: Ampère and exploratory experimentation. Theoria 17: 291-316.
75. -. 2006. Concept formation and the limits of justification: The two electricities. Archimedes 14: 183-195.
76. Suárez, M. 1999. Theories, models, and representations. In Model-based reasoning in scientific discovery, edited by L. Magnani, N. J. Nersessian, and P. Thagard, 75-83. New York: Kluwer.
77. -. 2003. Scientific representation: Against similarity and isomorphism. International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 17: 225-244.
78. Verschuur, G. L. 1993. Hidden attraction: The history and mystery of magnetism. New York: Oxford University Press.
79. Weisberg, M. 2007. Who is a modeler? British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 58: 207-233.
80. Woodward, J. 2003a. Making things happen: A theory of causal explanation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
81. -. 2003b. Experimentation, causal inference, and instrumental realism. In The philosophy of scientific experimentation, edited by H. Radder, 87-118. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press.
82. Worrall, J. 1989. Structural realism: The best of both worlds? Dialectica 43: 99-124.