Diagnosis and management of central-line-associated thrombosis in newborns and infants

Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine

Volumn 16, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 340-344

  Revel Vilk, Shoshana ^a   Ergaz, Zivanit ^a  

^a HADASSAH HEBREW UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Israel)

Author keywords

Central arterial lines; Central venous lines; Infants; Neonates; Thrombosis

Indexed keywords

ENOXAPARIN; HEPARIN; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN; PLASMINOGEN; TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR;

ARM SWELLING; AUTOPSY; BLEEDING; CATHETER OCCLUSION; CATHETER THROMBOSIS; CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; DRUG MEGADOSE; EDEMA; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INFANT; INTRAOCULAR HEMORRHAGE; LIMB ISCHEMIA; NEWBORN; OSTEOPENIA; PAIN; PERFUSION; PERIPHERALLY INSERTED CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER; PHLEBITIS; PHLEBOGRAPHY; REVIEW; SKIN DISCOLORATION; THROMBOPHILIA; ULTRASOUND; UMBILICAL ARTERY CATHETERIZATION;

CATHETERIZATION, CENTRAL VENOUS; DISEASE MANAGEMENT; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; THROMBOPHILIA; THROMBOSIS; UMBILICAL ARTERIES; UMBILICAL VEINS;

EID: 80053616201     PISSN: 1744165X     EISSN: 18780946     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2011.07.003     Document Type: Review

References (63)

1. Hermansen M.C., Hermansen M.G. Intravascular catheter complications in the neonatal intensive care unit. Clin Perinatol 2005, 32:141-156. vii.
2. Schmidt B., Andrew M. Neonatal thrombosis: report of a prospective Canadian and international registry. Pediatrics 1995, 96:939-943.
3. van Ommen C.H., Heijboer H., Buller H.R., Hirasing R.A., Heijmans H.S., Peters M. Venous thromboembolism in childhood: a prospective two-year registry in The Netherlands. J Pediatr 2001, 139:676-681.
4. Seibert J.J., Northington F.J., Miers J.F., Taylor B.J. Aortic thrombosis after umbilical artery catheterization in neonates: prevalence of complications on long-term follow-up. Am J Roentgenol 1991, 156:567-569.
5. Massicotte M.P., Dix D., Monagle P., Adams M., Andrew M. Central venous catheter related thrombosis in children: analysis of the Canadian Registry of Venous Thromboembolic Complications. J Pediatr 1998, 133:770-776.
6. Kuhle S., Koloshuk B., Marzinotto V., et al. A cross-sectional study evaluating post-thrombotic syndrome in children. Thromb Res 2003, 111:227-233.
7. Morag I., Epelman M., Daneman A., et al. Portal vein thrombosis in the neonate: risk factors, course, and outcome. J Pediatr 2006, 148:735-739.
8. Narang S., Roy J., Stevens T.P., Butler-O'Hara M., Mullen C.A., D'Angio C.T. Risk factors for umbilical venous catheter-associated thrombosis in very low birth weight infants. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009, 52:75-79.
9. Alkalay A.L., Mazkereth R., Santulli T., Pomerance J.J. Central venous line thrombosis in premature infants: a case management and literature review. Am J Perinatol 1993, 10:323-326.
10. Kim J.H., Lee Y.S., Kim S.H., Lee S.K., Lim M.K., Kim H.S. Does umbilical vein catheterization lead to portal venous thrombosis? Prospective US evaluation in 100 neonates. Radiology 2001, 219:645-650.
11. Adelman R.D., Morrell R.E. Coarctation of the abdominal aorta and renal artery stenosis related to an umbilical artery catheter placement in a neonate. Pediatrics 2000, 106. E36.
12. Thornburg C.D., Smith P.B., Smithwick M.L., Cotten C.M., Benjamin D.K. Association between thrombosis and bloodstream infection in neonates with peripherally inserted catheters. Thromb Res 2008, 122:782-785.
13. Nadroo A.M., Lin J., Green R.S., Magid M.S., Holzman I.R. Death as a complication of peripherally inserted central catheters in neonates. J Pediatr 2001, 138:599-601.
14. Sridhar S., Thomas N., Kumar S.T., Jana A.K. Neonatal hydrothorax following migration of a central venous catheter. Indian J Pediatr 2005, 72:795-796.
15. Tyson J.E., deSa D.J., Moore S. Thromboatheromatous complications of umbilical arterial catheterization in the newborn period. Clinicopathological study. Arch Dis Child 1976, 51:744-754.
16. Olinsky A., Aitken F.G., Isdale J.M. Thrombus formation after umbilical arterial catheterisation. An angiographic study. S Afr Med J 1975, 49:1467-1470.
17. Wesstrom G., Finnstrom O., Stenport G. Umbilical artery catheterization in newborns. I. Thrombosis in relation to catheter type and position. Acta Paediatr Scand 1979, 68:575-581.
18. Goetzman B.W., Stadalnik R.C., Bogren H.G., Blankenship W.J., Ikeda R.M., Thayer J. Thrombotic complications of umbilical artery catheters: a clinical and radiographic study. Pediatrics 1975, 56:374-379.
19. Seibert J.J., Taylor B.J., Williamson S.L., Williams B.J., Szabo J.S., Corbitt S.L. Sonographic detection of neonatal umbilical-artery thrombosis: clinical correlation. Am J Roentgenol 1987, 148:965-968.
20. Oppenheimer D.A., Carroll B.A., Garth K.E. Ultrasonic detection of complications following umbilical arterial catheterization in the neonate. Radiology 1982, 145:667-672.
21. Boo N.Y., Wong N.C., Zulkifli S.S., Lye M.S. Risk factors associated with umbilical vascular catheter-associated thrombosis in newborn infants. J Paediatr Child Health 1999, 35:460-465.
22. Turebylu R., Salis R., Erbe R., Martin D., Lakshminrusimha S., Ryan R.M. Genetic prothrombotic mutations are common in neonates but are not associated with umbilical catheter-associated thrombosis. J Perinatol 2007, 27:490-495.
23. Joshi V.V., Draper D.A., Bates R.D. Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Occurrence secondary to thrombosis of abdominal aorta following umbilical arterial catheterization. Arch Pathol 1975, 99:540-543.
24. Greenberg R., Waldman D., Brooks C., et al. Endovascular treatment of renal artery thrombosis caused by umbilical artery catheterization. J Vasc Surg 1998, 28:949-953.
25. Coleman M.M., Spear M.L., Finkelstein M., et al. Short-term use of umbilical artery catheters may not be associated with increased risk for thrombosis. Pediatrics 2004, 113:770-774.
26. Schmidt B., Zipursky A. Thrombotic disease in newborn infants. Clin Perinatol 1984, 11:461-488.
27. Khilnani P., Goldstein B., Todres I.D. Double lumen umbilical venous catheters in critically ill neonates: a randomized prospective study. Crit Care Med 1991, 19:1348-1351.
28. Tanke R.B., van Megen R., Daniels O. Thrombus detection on central venous catheters in the neonatal intensive care unit. Angiology 1994, 45:477-480.
29. Roy M., Turner-Gomes S., Gill G., Way C., Mernagh J., Schmidt B. Accuracy of Doppler echocardiography for the diagnosis of thrombosis associated with umbilical venous catheters. J Pediatr 2002, 140:131-134.
30. Sakha S.H., Rafeey M., Tarzamani M.K. Portal venous thrombosis after umbilical vein catheterization. Indian J Gastroenterol 2007, 26:283-284.
31. Gharehbaghi M.M., Nemati M., Hosseinpour S.S., Taei R., Ghargharechi R. Umbilical vascular catheter associated portal vein thrombosis detected by ultrasound. Indian J Pediatr 2011, 78:161-164.
32. Raval N.C., Gonzalez E., Bhat A.M., Pearlman S.A., Stefano J.L. Umbilical venous catheters: evaluation of radiographs to determine position and associated complications of malpositioned umbilical venous catheters. Am J Perinatol 1995, 12:201-204.
33. Butler-O'Hara M., Buzzard C.J., Reubens L., McDermott M.P., DiGrazio W., D'Angio C.T. A randomized trial comparing long-term and short-term use of umbilical venous catheters in premature infants with birth weights of less than 1251 grams. Pediatrics 2006, 118:e25-e35.
34. Male C., Kuhle S., Mitchell L. Diagnosis of venous thromboembolism in children. Semin Thromb Hemost 2003, 29:377-390.
35. Shah P.S., Kalyn A., Satodia P., et al. A randomized, controlled trial of heparin versus placebo infusion to prolong the usability of peripherally placed percutaneous central venous catheters (PCVCs) in neonates: the HIP (Heparin Infusion for PCVC) study. Pediatrics 2007, 119:e284-e291.
36. Crowley J.J., Pereira J.K., Harris L.S., Becker C.J. Peripherally inserted central catheters: experience in 523 children. Radiology 1997, 204:617-621.
37. Tan L.H., Hess B., Diaz L.K., et al. Survey of the use of peripherally inserted central venous catheters in neonates with critical congenital cardiac disease. Cardiol Young 2007, 17:196-201.
38. Ohki Y., Yoshizawa Y., Watanabe M., Kuwashima M., Morikawa A. Complications of percutaneously inserted central venous catheters in Japanese neonates. Pediatr Int 2008, 50:636-639.
39. Arul G.S., Livingstone H., Bromley P., Bennett J. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous insertion of 2.7 Fr tunnelled Broviac lines in neonates and small infants. Pediatr Surg Int 2010, 26:815-818.
40. Revel-Vilk S. Central venous line-related thrombosis in children. Acta Haematol 2006, 115:201-206.
41. Saxonhouse M.A., Burchfield D.J. The evaluation and management of postnatal thromboses. J Perinatol 2009, 29:467-478.
42. Chaloette J.M., Rubenstein J.C., Alfieris G.M., et al. Elevated risk of thrombosis in neonates undergoing inital palliative cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2007, 84:1320-1325.
43. Schroeder A.R., Axelrod D.M., Silverman N.H., Rubesova E., Merkel E., Roth S.J. A continuous heparin infusion does not prevent catheter-related thrombosis in infants after cardiac surgery. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2010, 11:489-495.
44. Barrington K.J. Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of position of the catheter tip. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000, CD000505.
45. Barrington K.J. Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of catheter design (end vs side hole). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000, CD000508.
46. Barrington K.J. Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of catheter materials. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000, CD000949.
47. Helwig H. Umbilical artery catheterization: hyperosmolar solutions as cause of thrombosis. Pediatrics 1973, 51:585-586.
48. Revel-Vilk S., Kenet G. Thrombophilia in children with venous thromboembolic disease. Thromb Res 2006, 118:59-65.
49. Nowak-Gottl U., Kotthoff S., Hagemeyer E., et al. Interaction of fibrinolysis and prothrombotic risk factors in neonates, infants and children with and without thromboembolism and underlying cardiac disease. a prospective study. Thromb Res 2001, 103:93-101.
50. Tay S.P., Cheong S.K., Boo N.Y. Elevated plasma tissue factor levels in neonates with umbilical arterial catheter-associated thrombosis. Malays J Pathol 2006, 28:41-48.
51. Raffini L. Thrombophilia in children: who to test, how, when, and why?. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2008, 228-235.
52. Shah P.S., Shah V.S. Continuous heparin infusion to prevent thrombosis and catheter occlusion in neonates with peripherally placed percutaneous central venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008, CD002772.
53. Barrington K.J. Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of heparin. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000, CD000507.
54. Monagle P., Chalmers E., Chan A., et al. Antithrombotic therapy in neonates and children: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008, 133:887S-986S.
55. Edstrom C.S., McBride J., Theriaque D., Kao K.J., Christensen R.D. Obtaining blood samples for anti-factor Xa quantification through umbilical artery catheters. J Perinatol 2002, 22:475-477.
56. Michaels L.A., Gurian M., Hegyi T., Drachtman R.A. Low molecular weight heparin in the treatment of venous and arterial thromboses in the premature infant. Pediatrics 2004, 114:703-707.
57. Malowany J.I., Monagle P., Knoppert D.C., et al. Enoxaparin for neonatal thrombosis: a call for a higher dose for neonates. Thromb Res 2008, 122:826-830.
58. Revel-Vilk S., Sharathkumar A., Massicotte P., et al. Natural history of arterial and venous thrombosis in children treated with low molecular weight heparin: a longitudinal study by ultrasound. J Thromb Haemost 2004, 2:42-46.
59. Malowany J.I., Knoppert D.C., Chan A.K., Pepelassis D., Lee D.S. Enoxaparin use in the neonatal intensive care unit: experience over 8 years. Pharmacotherapy 2007, 27:1263-1271.
60. Raffini L. Thrombolysis for intravascular thrombosis in neonates and children. Curr Opin Pediatr 2009, 21:9-14.
61. Hartmann J., Hussein A., Trowitzsch E., Becker J., Hennecke K.H. Treatment of neonatal thrombus formation with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator: six years experience and review of the literature. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2001, 85:F18-F22.
62. Chan A.K., Deveber G., Monagle P., Brooker L.A., Massicotte P.M. Venous thrombosis in children. J Thromb Haemost 2003, 1:1443-1455.
63. Journeycake J.M., Buchanan G.R. Thrombotic complications of central venous catheters in children. Curr Opin Hematol 2003, 10:369-374.