Do continued antidepressants protect against dementia in patients with severe depressive disorder?

International Clinical Psychopharmacology

Volumn 26, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 316-322

  Kessing, Lars Vedel ^a   Forman, Julie Lyng ^b   Andersen, Per Kragh ^b  

^a Rigshospitalet   (Denmark)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; antidepressants; dementia; depressive disorder

Indexed keywords

ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR;

ADULT; AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMENTIA; DEPRESSION; DRUG USE; FEMALE; HOSPITAL DISCHARGE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL HEALTH CARE; METHODOLOGY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRESCRIPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGISTER;

AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; COMORBIDITY; DEMENTIA; DENMARK; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FEMALE; HOSPITALS; HUMANS; INPATIENTS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENTS; OUTPATIENTS; REGISTRIES; RISK; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 80053600621     PISSN: 02681315     EISSN: 14735857     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/YIC.0b013e32834ace0f     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Andersen TF, Madsen M, Jorgensen J, Mellemkjaer L, Olsen JH (1999). The Danish National Hospital Register: a valuable source of data for modern health sciences. Dan Med Bull 46:263-268. (Pubitemid 29299976)
2. Anderson IM (2000). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors versus tricyclic antidepressants: a meta-analysis of efficacy and tolerability. J Affect Disord 58:19-36. (Pubitemid 30173208)
3. Banasr M, Duman RS (2007). Regulation of neurogenesis and gliogenesis by stress and antidepressant treatment. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 6:311-320. (Pubitemid 351492092)
4. Banasr M, Valentine GW, Li XY, Gourley SL, Taylor JR, Duman RS (2007). Chronic unpredictable stress decreases cell proliferation in the cerebral cortex of the adult rat. Biol Psychiatry 62:496-504. (Pubitemid 47284039)
5. Bock C, Bukh JD, Vinberg M, Gether U, Kessing LV (2009). Validity of the ICD-10 diagnosis of a single depressive episode in a case register. Clin Pract Epidemol Ment Health 5:4.
6. Bukh JD, Bock C, Vinberg M, Gether U, Kessing LV (2010). Gender differences among patients with a single depressive episode. Psychopathology 43: 159-169.
7. Castaneda AE, Tuulio-Henriksson A, Marttunen M, Suvisaari J, Lonnqvist J (2008). A review on cognitive impairments in depressive and anxiety disorders with a focus on young adults. J Affect Disord 106:1-27. (Pubitemid 350309672)
8. Chen H, Pandey GN, Dwivedi Y (2006). Hippocampal cell proliferation regulation by repeated stress and antidepressants. Neuroreport 17:863-867. (Pubitemid 43869948)
9. Chen R, Hu Z, Wei L, Qin X, McCracken C, Copeland JR (2008). Severity of depression and risk for subsequent dementia: cohort studies in China and the UK. Br J Psychiatry 193:373-377.
10. Clayton D, Hills M (1993). Statistical models in epidemiology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
11. Danish National Board of Health. (2002) L. Medicinal Product Statistics. Available at: http://www.laegemiddelstyrelsen.dk. (Electronic Citation) (Accessed on 2 August 2011).
12. Dranovsky A, Hen R (2006). Hippocampal neurogenesis: regulation by stress and antidepressants. Biol Psychiatry 59:1136-1143.
13. DUAG (1986). Citalopram: clinical effect profile in comparison with clomipra-mine. A controlled multicenter study. Danish University Antidepres-sant Group. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 90:131-138.
14. DUAG (1990). Paroxetine: a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor showing better tolerance, but weaker antidepressant effect than clomipramine in a controlled multicenter study. Danish University Antidepressant Group. J Affect Disord 18:289-299.
15. DUAG (1993). Moclobemide: a reversible MAO-A-inhibitor showing weaker antidepressant effect than clomipramine in a controlled multicenter study. Danish University Antidepressant Group. J Affect Disord 28:105-116.
16. Hebert R, Lindsay J, Verreault R, Rockwood K, Hill G, Dubois MF (2000). Vascular dementia: incidence and risk factors in the Canadian study of health and aging. Stroke 31:1487-1493. (Pubitemid 30437492)
17. Jayatissa MN, Bisgaard C, Tingstrom A, Papp M, Wiborg O (2006). Hippocampal cytogenesis correlates to escitalopram-mediated recovery in a chronic mild stress rat model of depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 31:2395-2404. (Pubitemid 44607057)
18. Jorm AF (2001). History of depression as a risk factor for dementia: an updated review. Aust NZ J Psychiatry 35:776-781. (Pubitemid 34048449)
19. Juel K, Helweg-Larsen K (1999). The Danish registers of causes of death. Dan Med Bull 46:354-357. (Pubitemid 29439149)
20. Kessing LV (1998). Cognitive impairment in the euthymic phase of affective disorder. Psychol Med 28:1027-1038. (Pubitemid 28458459)
21. Kessing LV, Andersen PK (2004). Does the risk of developing dementia increase with the number of episodes in patients with depressive disorder and in patients with bipolar disorder? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 75: 1662-1666. (Pubitemid 39611460)
22. Kessing LV, Nilsson FM (2003). Increased risk of developing dementia in patients with major affective disorders compared to patients with other medical illnesses. J Affect Disord 73:261-269. (Pubitemid 36120737)
23. Kessing LV, Olsen EW, Mortensen PB, Andersen PK (1999). Dementia in affective disorder: a case-register study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 100: 176-185. (Pubitemid 29409083)
24. Kessing LV, Sondergard L, Kvist K, Andersen PK (2005). Suicide risk in patients treated with lithium. Arch Gen Psychiatry 62:860-866. (Pubitemid 41126880)
25. Kessing LV, Harhoff M, Andersen PK (2007). Treatment with antidepressants in patients with dementia-a nationwide register-based study. Int Psychogeriatr 19:902-913. (Pubitemid 47295887)
26. Kessing LV, Sondergard L, Forman JL, Andersen PK (2008). Lithium treatment and risk of dementia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 65:1331-1335.
27. Kessing LV, Sondergard L, Forman JL, Andersen PK (2009). Antidepressants and dementia. J Affect Disord 117:24-29.
28. Malberg JE, Duman RS (2003). Cell proliferation in adult hippocampus is decreased by inescapable stress: reversal by fluoxetine treatment. Neurop-sychopharmacology 28:1562-1571. (Pubitemid 41070856)
29. Malig C (1996). The civil registration system in Denmark. Rockville Pike, Bethesda: International Institute for Vital Registration and Statistics, Princeton University. Technical paper No 66. Library. (Report).
30. Mowla A, Mosavinasab M, Haghshenas H, Haghighi AB (2007). Does serotonin augmentation have any effect on cognition and activities of daily living in Alzheimer's dementia? A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol 27:484-487. (Pubitemid 47415047)
31. Munk-Jorgensen P, Mortensen PB (1997). The Danish psychiatric central register. Dan Med Bull 44:82-84. (Pubitemid 27110215)
32. Ownby RL, Crocco E, Acevedo A, John V, Loewenstein D (2006). Depression and risk for Alzheimer disease: systematic review, meta-analysis, and metaregression analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 63:530-538.
33. Phung TK, Andersen BB, Hogh P, Kessing LV, Mortensen PB, Waldemar G (2007). Validity of dementia diagnoses in the Danish hospital registers. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 24:220-228. (Pubitemid 47312673)
34. Phung TK, Waltoft BD, Kessing LV, Mortensen PB, Waldemar G (2010). Time trend in diagnosing dementia in secondary care. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 29:146-153.
35. Sapolsky RM, Krey LC, McEwen BS (1986). The neuroendocrinology of stress and aging: the glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis. Endocr Rev 7:284-301.
36. Schmitt JA, Wingen M, Ramaekers JG, Evers EA, Riedel WJ (2006). Serotonin and human cognitive performance. Curr Pharm Des 12:2473-2486. (Pubitemid 44026030)
37. Sink KM, Holden KF, Yaffe K (2005). Pharmacological treatment of neuropsy-chiatric symptoms of dementia: a review of the evidence. J Am Med Assoc 293:596-608. (Pubitemid 40171242)
38. Stage KB, Bech P, Gram LF, Kragh-Sorensen P, Rosenberg C, Ohrberg S (1998). Are in-patient depressives more often of the melancholic subtype? Danish University Antidepressant Group. Acta Psychiatr Scand 98:432-436. (Pubitemid 28566292)
39. World Health Organisation (1993). The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders:clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. Geneva World Health Organisation.
40. World Health Organization (1999). World Health Organization Guidelines for ATC classification for DDD assignment. Oslo: WHO Collaboration Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, Nordic Council on Medicines. (Report).