메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 7, 2011, Pages 1564-1576

Molecular pathology, taxonomy and epidemiology of Besnoitia species (Protozoa: Sarcocystidae)

Author keywords

Besnoitia besnoiti; Besnoitiosis; Emerging disease; Migratory birds; Molecular epidemiology; Parasite; Vector borne disease

Indexed keywords

INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER 1; LIVE VACCINE; MOLECULAR MARKER;

EID: 80053575939     PISSN: 15671348     EISSN: 15677257     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.08.006     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (71)

References (235)
  • 1
    • 32444431711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hammondia isolated from dogs and foxes are genetically distinct
    • Abel J., Schares G., Orzeszko K., Gasser R.B., Ellis J.T. Hammondia isolated from dogs and foxes are genetically distinct. Parasitology 2006, 132:187-192.
    • (2006) Parasitology , vol.132 , pp. 187-192
    • Abel, J.1    Schares, G.2    Orzeszko, K.3    Gasser, R.B.4    Ellis, J.T.5
  • 2
    • 77956285448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Black Flies (Simuliidae)
    • Academic Press, San Diego, G.R. Mullen, L. Durden (Eds.)
    • Adler P.H., McCreadie J.W. Black Flies (Simuliidae). Medical and Veterinary Entomology 2009, 189-206. Academic Press, San Diego. G.R. Mullen, L. Durden (Eds.).
    • (2009) Medical and Veterinary Entomology , pp. 189-206
    • Adler, P.H.1    McCreadie, J.W.2
  • 3
    • 84858001586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): a fully revised edition of the taxonomic and geographical inventory. Available from
    • Adler, P.H., Crosskey, R.W., 2011. World blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): a fully revised edition of the taxonomic and geographical inventory. Available from: http://entweb.clemson.edu/biomia/pdfs/blackflyinventory.pdf.
    • (2011)
    • Adler, P.H.1    Crosskey, R.W.2
  • 4
    • 70249102889 scopus 로고
    • Segnalazione di un focolaio di besnoitiosi in bovini da carne importati
    • Agosti M., Belloli A., Morini M., Vacirca G. Segnalazione di un focolaio di besnoitiosi in bovini da carne importati. Praxis Vet. 1994, 15:5-6.
    • (1994) Praxis Vet. , vol.15 , pp. 5-6
    • Agosti, M.1    Belloli, A.2    Morini, M.3    Vacirca, G.4
  • 5
    • 80053563397 scopus 로고
    • General besnoitiosis in bulls: report of five cases
    • Akusu M.O., Ikede B.O., Akpokodje J.U. General besnoitiosis in bulls: report of five cases. Nigerian Vet. J. 1982, 2:69-71.
    • (1982) Nigerian Vet. J. , vol.2 , pp. 69-71
    • Akusu, M.O.1    Ikede, B.O.2    Akpokodje, J.U.3
  • 6
    • 80053569660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-emerging cattle besnoitiosis (Besnoitia besnoiti) in France: update on clinical and epidemiological aspects
    • In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology. Gent, Belgium,
    • Alzieu, J.P., 2007. Re-emerging cattle besnoitiosis (Besnoitia besnoiti) in France: update on clinical and epidemiological aspects. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology. Gent, Belgium, p. 222.
    • (2007) , pp. 222
    • Alzieu, J.P.1
  • 9
    • 0029331053 scopus 로고
    • The morphology and pathology of Besnoitia sp. in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus)
    • Ayroud M., Leighton F.A., Tessaro S.V. The morphology and pathology of Besnoitia sp. in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). J. Wildl. Dis. 1995, 31:319-326.
    • (1995) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.31 , pp. 319-326
    • Ayroud, M.1    Leighton, F.A.2    Tessaro, S.V.3
  • 11
    • 0028821833 scopus 로고
    • Experimental oral inoculations in birds to evaluate potential definitive hosts of Neospora caninum
    • Baker D.G., Morishita T.Y., Brooks D.L., Shen S.K., Lindsay D.S., Dubey J.P. Experimental oral inoculations in birds to evaluate potential definitive hosts of Neospora caninum. J. Parasitol. 1995, 81:783-785.
    • (1995) J. Parasitol. , vol.81 , pp. 783-785
    • Baker, D.G.1    Morishita, T.Y.2    Brooks, D.L.3    Shen, S.K.4    Lindsay, D.S.5    Dubey, J.P.6
  • 12
    • 80053567573 scopus 로고
    • Sterility in bulls due to besnoitiosis: clinical, radiological and pathological findings
    • In; Proceedings of the 11th International Congress on Diseases of Cattle, Tel-Aviv, Israel,
    • Bargai, U., Pearl, S., 1980. Sterility in bulls due to besnoitiosis: clinical, radiological and pathological findings. In; Proceedings of the 11th International Congress on Diseases of Cattle, Tel-Aviv, Israel, pp. 742-746.
    • (1980) , pp. 742-746
    • Bargai, U.1    Pearl, S.2
  • 13
    • 84995132669 scopus 로고
    • Radiographic changes in testes of bulls infected with besnoitiosis: a correlated radiologic-pathologic study
    • Bargai U., Nobel T., Pearl S. Radiographic changes in testes of bulls infected with besnoitiosis: a correlated radiologic-pathologic study. Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound. 1984, 25:235-239.
    • (1984) Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound. , vol.25 , pp. 235-239
    • Bargai, U.1    Nobel, T.2    Pearl, S.3
  • 14
    • 79956264287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the life cycle of Besnoitia besnoiti - experimental infection of putative definitive and intermediate host species
    • Basso W., Schares G., Gollnick N.S., Rutten M., Deplazes P. Exploring the life cycle of Besnoitia besnoiti - experimental infection of putative definitive and intermediate host species. Vet. Parasitol. 2011, 178:223-234.
    • (2011) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.178 , pp. 223-234
    • Basso, W.1    Schares, G.2    Gollnick, N.S.3    Rutten, M.4    Deplazes, P.5
  • 15
    • 8744250773 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitiosis in South African antelopes: a preliminary note on the occurrence of Besnoitia cysts in the cardiovascular system
    • Basson P.A., Van Niekerk J.W., McCully R.M., Bigalke R.D. Besnoitiosis in South African antelopes: a preliminary note on the occurrence of Besnoitia cysts in the cardiovascular system. J. S. Afr. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1965, 36:578.
    • (1965) J. S. Afr. Vet. Med. Assoc. , vol.36 , pp. 578
    • Basson, P.A.1    Van Niekerk, J.W.2    McCully, R.M.3    Bigalke, R.D.4
  • 16
    • 0014798609 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the pathogenesis of bovine and antelope strains of Besnoitia besnoiti (Marotel, 1912) infection in cattle and rabbits
    • Basson P.A., McCully R.M., Bigalke R.D. Observations on the pathogenesis of bovine and antelope strains of Besnoitia besnoiti (Marotel, 1912) infection in cattle and rabbits. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 1970, 37:105-126.
    • (1970) Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. , vol.37 , pp. 105-126
    • Basson, P.A.1    McCully, R.M.2    Bigalke, R.D.3
  • 19
    • 18044385406 scopus 로고
    • A peculiar equine sarcosporidium in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
    • Bennett S.C. A peculiar equine sarcosporidium in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Vet. J. 1927, 83:297-304.
    • (1927) Vet. J. , vol.83 , pp. 297-304
    • Bennett, S.C.1
  • 20
    • 0037743591 scopus 로고
    • Globidium infections in the Sudan
    • Bennett S.C. Globidium infections in the Sudan. J. Comp. Pathol. Ther. 1933, 46:1-15.
    • (1933) J. Comp. Pathol. Ther. , vol.46 , pp. 1-15
    • Bennett, S.C.1
  • 21
    • 24644476848 scopus 로고
    • Sarcosporidiose cutanee chez une vache
    • Besnoit C., Robin V. Sarcosporidiose cutanee chez une vache. Rev. Vet. 1912, 37:649-663.
    • (1912) Rev. Vet. , vol.37 , pp. 649-663
    • Besnoit, C.1    Robin, V.2
  • 22
    • 80053560724 scopus 로고
    • Dermatophilosis in cattle in Northern Nigeria
    • Ph.D. Thesis. Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
    • Bida, S.A., 1973. Dermatophilosis in cattle in Northern Nigeria. Ph.D. Thesis. Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
    • (1973)
    • Bida, S.A.1
  • 23
    • 2342633554 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary observations on the mechanical transmission of cyst organisms of Besnoitia besnoiti from a chronically infected bull to rabbits by Glossina brevipalpis
    • Bigalke R.D. Preliminary observations on the mechanical transmission of cyst organisms of Besnoitia besnoiti from a chronically infected bull to rabbits by Glossina brevipalpis. J. S. Afr. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1960, 31:37-44.
    • (1960) J. S. Afr. Vet. Med. Assoc. , vol.31 , pp. 37-44
    • Bigalke, R.D.1
  • 24
    • 0014175706 scopus 로고
    • The artificial transmission of Besnoitia besnoiti (Marotel, 1912) from chronically infected to susceptible cattle and rabbits
    • Bigalke R.D. The artificial transmission of Besnoitia besnoiti (Marotel, 1912) from chronically infected to susceptible cattle and rabbits. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 1967, 34:303-316.
    • (1967) Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. , vol.34 , pp. 303-316
    • Bigalke, R.D.1
  • 25
    • 77953286951 scopus 로고
    • An outbreak of bovine besnoitiosis in the Orange Free state, Republic of South Africa
    • Bigalke R.D., Schoeman J.H. An outbreak of bovine besnoitiosis in the Orange Free state, Republic of South Africa. J. S. Afr. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1967, 38:435-437.
    • (1967) J. S. Afr. Vet. Med. Assoc. , vol.38 , pp. 435-437
    • Bigalke, R.D.1    Schoeman, J.H.2
  • 26
    • 0014076110 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the relationship between Besnoitia of blue wildebeest and impala, and Besnoitia besnoiti of cattle
    • Bigalke R.D., Van Niekerk J.W., Basson P.A., McCully R.M. Studies on the relationship between Besnoitia of blue wildebeest and impala, and Besnoitia besnoiti of cattle. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 1967, 34:7-28.
    • (1967) Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. , vol.34 , pp. 7-28
    • Bigalke, R.D.1    Van Niekerk, J.W.2    Basson, P.A.3    McCully, R.M.4
  • 27
    • 0014295918 scopus 로고
    • New concepts on the epidemiological features of bovine besnoitiosis as determined by laboratory and field investigations
    • Bigalke R.D. New concepts on the epidemiological features of bovine besnoitiosis as determined by laboratory and field investigations. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 1968, 35:3-137.
    • (1968) Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. , vol.35 , pp. 3-137
    • Bigalke, R.D.1
  • 28
    • 0038081095 scopus 로고
    • Studies on equine besnoitiosis
    • Bigalke R.D. Studies on equine besnoitiosis. J. Parasitol. 1970, 56:29.
    • (1970) J. Parasitol. , vol.56 , pp. 29
    • Bigalke, R.D.1
  • 29
    • 0016265466 scopus 로고
    • Immunization against bovine besnoitiosis with a live vaccine prepared from a blue wildebeest strain of Besnoitia besnoiti grown in cell cultures. 1. Studies on rabbits
    • Bigalke R.D., Schoeman J.H., McCully R.M. Immunization against bovine besnoitiosis with a live vaccine prepared from a blue wildebeest strain of Besnoitia besnoiti grown in cell cultures. 1. Studies on rabbits. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 1974, 41:1-6.
    • (1974) Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. , vol.41 , pp. 1-6
    • Bigalke, R.D.1    Schoeman, J.H.2    McCully, R.M.3
  • 30
    • 0008923890 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitiosis and Globidiosis
    • Marunus Nijhoff, The Hague, The Netherlands, R. Ristic, I. McIntyre (Eds.)
    • Bigalke R.D. Besnoitiosis and Globidiosis. Diseases of Cattle in the Tropics 1981, 429-442. Marunus Nijhoff, The Hague, The Netherlands. R. Ristic, I. McIntyre (Eds.).
    • (1981) Diseases of Cattle in the Tropics , pp. 429-442
    • Bigalke, R.D.1
  • 33
    • 80053575908 scopus 로고
    • A retrospective review of disease diagnoses in caribou from Canada
    • Bollinger T.K., Welch D. A retrospective review of disease diagnoses in caribou from Canada. Rangifer 1994, 9:395.
    • (1994) Rangifer , vol.9 , pp. 395
    • Bollinger, T.K.1    Welch, D.2
  • 35
    • 67349280306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A history of studies that examine the interactions of Toxoplasma with its host cell: Emphasis on in vitro models
    • Boyle J.P., Radke J.R. A history of studies that examine the interactions of Toxoplasma with its host cell: Emphasis on in vitro models. Int. J. Parasitol. 2009, 39:903-914.
    • (2009) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.39 , pp. 903-914
    • Boyle, J.P.1    Radke, J.R.2
  • 38
    • 0014133142 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary report on the finding of Besnoitia besnoiti in goat skins affected with dimple in Kenya
    • Bwangamoi O. A preliminary report on the finding of Besnoitia besnoiti in goat skins affected with dimple in Kenya. Bull. Epizoot. Dis. Afr. 1967, 15:263-271.
    • (1967) Bull. Epizoot. Dis. Afr. , vol.15 , pp. 263-271
    • Bwangamoi, O.1
  • 39
    • 0014263889 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitiosis and other skin diseases of cattle in Uganda
    • Bwangamoi O. Besnoitiosis and other skin diseases of cattle in Uganda. Am. J. Vet. Res. 1968, 29:737-743.
    • (1968) Am. J. Vet. Res. , vol.29 , pp. 737-743
    • Bwangamoi, O.1
  • 40
    • 0024980370 scopus 로고
    • An epidemic of besnoitiosis in goats in Kenya
    • Bwangamoi O., Carles A.B., Wandera J.G. An epidemic of besnoitiosis in goats in Kenya. Vet. Rec. 1989, 125:461.
    • (1989) Vet. Rec. , vol.125 , pp. 461
    • Bwangamoi, O.1    Carles, A.B.2    Wandera, J.G.3
  • 41
    • 84857997813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Besnoitiose bovina no Alentejo, Portugal. Proceedings of the VI Congresso Ibérico de Parasitologia, Córdoba, Spain
    • Caeiro, V., Ferreira, M.L., Branco, S., 1999. Besnoitiose bovina no Alentejo, Portugal. In: Proceedings of the VI Congresso Ibérico de Parasitologia, Córdoba, Spain.
    • (1999)
    • Caeiro, V.1    Ferreira, M.L.2    Branco, S.3
  • 42
    • 80053565383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Besnoitiosis in a Southern Plains Woodrat (Neotoma micropus) from Uvalde, Texas
    • in press. doi:10.1645/GE-2786.1
    • Charles, R.A., Ellis, A.E., Dubey, J.P., Barnes, J.C., Yabsley, M.J., in press. Besnoitiosis in a Southern Plains Woodrat (Neotoma micropus) from Uvalde, Texas. J. Parasitol. doi:10.1645/GE-2786.1.
    • J. Parasitol.
    • Charles, R.A.1    Ellis, A.E.2    Dubey, J.P.3    Barnes, J.C.4    Yabsley, M.J.5
  • 43
    • 0018461621 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitiosis in wild and domestic goats in Iran
    • Cheema A.H., Toofanian F. Besnoitiosis in wild and domestic goats in Iran. Cornell Vet. 1979, 69:159-168.
    • (1979) Cornell Vet. , vol.69 , pp. 159-168
    • Cheema, A.H.1    Toofanian, F.2
  • 44
    • 0038081093 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenicity of Besnoitia jellisoni in naturally infected kangaroo rats (Didomys ordii) in northwestern Utah
    • Chobotar B., Anderson L.C., Ernst J.V., Hammond D.M. Pathogenicity of Besnoitia jellisoni in naturally infected kangaroo rats (Didomys ordii) in northwestern Utah. J. Parasitol. 1970, 56:192-193.
    • (1970) J. Parasitol. , vol.56 , pp. 192-193
    • Chobotar, B.1    Anderson, L.C.2    Ernst, J.V.3    Hammond, D.M.4
  • 47
    • 24644453371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecção, por PCR, de Besnoitia besnoiti que parasita o gado bovino da região de Évora assim como de um retrotransposão inserido no genoma cromossomal deste protozoário
    • Cortes H., Vidal R., Caeiro V., Ferreira M.L. Detecção, por PCR, de Besnoitia besnoiti que parasita o gado bovino da região de Évora assim como de um retrotransposão inserido no genoma cromossomal deste protozoário. Acta Parasitol. Port. 2001, 8:129.
    • (2001) Acta Parasitol. Port. , vol.8 , pp. 129
    • Cortes, H.1    Vidal, R.2    Caeiro, V.3    Ferreira, M.L.4
  • 52
    • 34250640675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro efficacy of nitro-and bromo-thiazolyl-salicylamide compounds (thiazolides) against Besnoitia besnoiti infection in vero cells
    • Cortes H.C.E., Müller N., Esposito M., Leitao A., Naguleswaran A., Hemphill A. In vitro efficacy of nitro-and bromo-thiazolyl-salicylamide compounds (thiazolides) against Besnoitia besnoiti infection in vero cells. Parasitology 2007, 134:975-985.
    • (2007) Parasitology , vol.134 , pp. 975-985
    • Cortes, H.C.E.1    Müller, N.2    Esposito, M.3    Leitao, A.4    Naguleswaran, A.5    Hemphill, A.6
  • 53
    • 34247335472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of conventional and real-time fluorescent ITS1 rDNA PCR for detection of Besnoitia besnoiti infections in bovine skin biopsies
    • Cortes H.C.E., Reis Y., Gottstein B., Hemphill A., Leitao A., Muller N. Application of conventional and real-time fluorescent ITS1 rDNA PCR for detection of Besnoitia besnoiti infections in bovine skin biopsies. Vet. Parasitol. 2007, 146:352-356.
    • (2007) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.146 , pp. 352-356
    • Cortes, H.C.E.1    Reis, Y.2    Gottstein, B.3    Hemphill, A.4    Leitao, A.5    Muller, N.6
  • 55
    • 84857995068 scopus 로고
    • Transmission experimentale de la maladie denommee " Sarcosporidiose cutanee" du boef (Besnoit et Robin) et determinee par " Globidium Besnoiti"
    • Cuillé J., Chelle P.L., Berlureau F. Transmission experimentale de la maladie denommee " Sarcosporidiose cutanee" du boef (Besnoit et Robin) et determinee par " Globidium Besnoiti" Acad. Med. 1936, 161:163.
    • (1936) Acad. Med. , vol.161 , pp. 163
    • Cuillé, J.1    Chelle, P.L.2    Berlureau, F.3
  • 56
    • 84857995915 scopus 로고
    • Recherches sur les modes de l'infestation naturelle, de l'Anasarque (Clobidose) des bovidés
    • Cuillé J., Chelle P. Recherches sur les modes de l'infestation naturelle, de l'Anasarque (Clobidose) des bovidés. Bull. Acad. Med. 1937, 118:449-452.
    • (1937) Bull. Acad. Med. , vol.118 , pp. 449-452
    • Cuillé, J.1    Chelle, P.2
  • 57
    • 84858001598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DAFWA, Western Australian Animal Health Report July 2010. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, Available from
    • DAFWA, 2010. Western Australian Animal Health Report July 2010. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, p. 9. Available from http://www.agric.wa.gov.au/objtwr/imported_assets/content/pw/ah/animal%20health%20newsletterjuly%202010.pdf.
    • (2010) , pp. 9
  • 58
    • 0005807261 scopus 로고
    • Sarcosporidiosis in the oppossum and its experimental production in the guinea pig by the intra-muscular injection of sporozoites
    • Darling S.T. Sarcosporidiosis in the oppossum and its experimental production in the guinea pig by the intra-muscular injection of sporozoites. Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot. 1910, 3:513-518.
    • (1910) Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot. , vol.3 , pp. 513-518
    • Darling, S.T.1
  • 62
    • 0037013810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of toxoplasmosis in wild birds
    • Dubey J.P. A review of toxoplasmosis in wild birds. Vet. Parasitol. 2002, 106:121-153.
    • (2002) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.106 , pp. 121-153
    • Dubey, J.P.1
  • 64
    • 0036072443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment of Besnoitia darlingi from opossums (Didelphis virginiana) in experimental intermediate and definitive hosts, propagation in cell culture, and description of ultrastructural and genetic characteristics
    • Dubey J.P., Lindsay D.S., Rosenthal B.M., Sreekumar C., Hill D.E., Shen S.K., Kwok O.C.H., Rickard L.G., Black S.S., Rashmir-Raven A. Establishment of Besnoitia darlingi from opossums (Didelphis virginiana) in experimental intermediate and definitive hosts, propagation in cell culture, and description of ultrastructural and genetic characteristics. Int. J. Parasitol. 2002, 32:1053-1064.
    • (2002) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.32 , pp. 1053-1064
    • Dubey, J.P.1    Lindsay, D.S.2    Rosenthal, B.M.3    Sreekumar, C.4    Hill, D.E.5    Shen, S.K.6    Kwok, O.C.H.7    Rickard, L.G.8    Black, S.S.9    Rashmir-Raven, A.10
  • 65
    • 0037967597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and ultrastructure of Besnoitia oryctofelisi tachyzoites, tissue cysts, bradyzoites, schizonts and merozoites
    • Dubey J.P., Lindsay D.S. Development and ultrastructure of Besnoitia oryctofelisi tachyzoites, tissue cysts, bradyzoites, schizonts and merozoites. Int. J. Parasitol. 2003, 33:807-819.
    • (2003) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.33 , pp. 807-819
    • Dubey, J.P.1    Lindsay, D.S.2
  • 68
    • 4444356508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological and molecular characterization of Besnoitia akodoni n.sp. (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) from the rodent Akodon montensis in Brazil
    • Dubey J.P., Sreekumar C., Rosenthal B.M., Lindsay D.S., Grisard E.C., Vitor R.W. Biological and molecular characterization of Besnoitia akodoni n.sp. (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) from the rodent Akodon montensis in Brazil. Parassitologia 2003, 45:61-70.
    • (2003) Parassitologia , vol.45 , pp. 61-70
    • Dubey, J.P.1    Sreekumar, C.2    Rosenthal, B.M.3    Lindsay, D.S.4    Grisard, E.C.5    Vitor, R.W.6
  • 72
    • 34248210832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and control of neosporosis and Neospora caninum
    • Dubey J.P., Schares G., Ortega-Mora L.M. Epidemiology and control of neosporosis and Neospora caninum. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2007, 20:323-367.
    • (2007) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. , vol.20 , pp. 323-367
    • Dubey, J.P.1    Schares, G.2    Ortega-Mora, L.M.3
  • 74
    • 79955610394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia neotomofelis n. sp. (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) from the Southern Plains Woodrat (Neotoma micropus)
    • Dubey J.P., Yabsley M.J. Besnoitia neotomofelis n. sp. (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) from the Southern Plains Woodrat (Neotoma micropus). Parasitology 2010, 21:1-17.
    • (2010) Parasitology , vol.21 , pp. 1-17
    • Dubey, J.P.1    Yabsley, M.J.2
  • 75
    • 84858000115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and intensity of Besnoitia tarandi in caribou (Rangifer tarandus), associated risk factors and comparison between herds. Poster at the 6th Conference of the CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring & Assessment Network, Vancouver, Canada
    • Available from
    • Ducrocq, J., Lair, S., Beauchamp, G., Kutz, S., 2009. Prevalence and intensity of Besnoitia tarandi in caribou (Rangifer tarandus), associated risk factors and comparison between herds. Poster at the 6th Conference of the CircumArctic Rangifer Monitoring & Assessment Network, Vancouver, Canada. Available from: http://www.carmanetwork.com/display/public/Vancouver+2009+Conference.
    • (2009)
    • Ducrocq, J.1    Lair, S.2    Beauchamp, G.3    Kutz, S.4
  • 76
    • 0034510434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular phylogeny of Besnoitia and the genetic relationships among Besnoitia of cattle, wildebeest and goats
    • Ellis J.T., Holmdahl O.J.M., Ryce C., Njenga J.M., Harper P.A.W., Morrison D.A. Molecular phylogeny of Besnoitia and the genetic relationships among Besnoitia of cattle, wildebeest and goats. Protist 2000, 151:329-336.
    • (2000) Protist , vol.151 , pp. 329-336
    • Ellis, J.T.1    Holmdahl, O.J.M.2    Ryce, C.3    Njenga, J.M.4    Harper, P.A.W.5    Morrison, D.A.6
  • 79
    • 0014296056 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia jellisoni (Sporozoa: Toxoplasmea) in rodents from Utah and California
    • Ernst J.V., Chobotar B., Oaks E.C., Hammond D.M. Besnoitia jellisoni (Sporozoa: Toxoplasmea) in rodents from Utah and California. J. Parasitol. 1968, 54:545-549.
    • (1968) J. Parasitol. , vol.54 , pp. 545-549
    • Ernst, J.V.1    Chobotar, B.2    Oaks, E.C.3    Hammond, D.M.4
  • 80
    • 84857999338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Food Safety Authority, 2010. Scientific statement on bovine besnoitiosis. EFSA J. 8, Available from
    • European Food Safety Authority, 2010. Scientific statement on bovine besnoitiosis. EFSA J. 8, 15 pp. Available from: http://www.efsa.europa.eu.
  • 81
    • 0018611725 scopus 로고
    • Comparative infectivity for calves of oocysts of feline coccidia: Besnoitia, Hammondia, Cystoisospora, Sarcocystis, and Toxoplasma
    • Fayer R., Frenkel J.K. Comparative infectivity for calves of oocysts of feline coccidia: Besnoitia, Hammondia, Cystoisospora, Sarcocystis, and Toxoplasma. J. Parasitol. 1979, 65:756-762.
    • (1979) J. Parasitol. , vol.65 , pp. 756-762
    • Fayer, R.1    Frenkel, J.K.2
  • 82
    • 0019756849 scopus 로고
    • Haltung und Krankheiten des Kamels
    • Fazil M.A., Hofmann R.R. Haltung und Krankheiten des Kamels. Tierarztl. Prax. 1981, 9:389-402.
    • (1981) Tierarztl. Prax. , vol.9 , pp. 389-402
    • Fazil, M.A.1    Hofmann, R.R.2
  • 86
    • 84858002549 scopus 로고
    • La besnoitiose bovine. Revue bibliographique. Observations personelles. Thesis, Ecole National de Toulouse, France
    • Ferrié, J.J., 1984. La besnoitiose bovine. Revue bibliographique. Observations personelles. Thesis, Ecole National de Toulouse, France, pp. 288.
    • (1984) , pp. 288
    • Ferrié, J.J.1
  • 87
    • 0025113136 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitiosis of the reproductive tract of a blue duiker (Cephalophus monticola)
    • Foley G.L., Anderson W.I., Steinberg H. Besnoitiosis of the reproductive tract of a blue duiker (Cephalophus monticola). Vet. Parasitol. 1990, 36:157-163.
    • (1990) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.36 , pp. 157-163
    • Foley, G.L.1    Anderson, W.I.2    Steinberg, H.3
  • 88
    • 24644524469 scopus 로고
    • Nota sobre a sarcosporidiose bovina
    • Franco E., Borges I. Nota sobre a sarcosporidiose bovina. Rev. Med. Vet. 1915, 165:255-298.
    • (1915) Rev. Med. Vet. , vol.165 , pp. 255-298
    • Franco, E.1    Borges, I.2
  • 89
    • 0007620016 scopus 로고
    • Infections with organisms resembling Toxoplasma, together with the description of a new organism: Besnoitia jellisoni, Atti del VI congresso internationale di microbiologia
    • Frenkel, J.K., 1953. Infections with organisms resembling Toxoplasma, together with the description of a new organism: Besnoitia jellisoni, Atti del VI congresso internationale di microbiologia, pp. 426-437.
    • (1953) , pp. 426-437
    • Frenkel, J.K.1
  • 90
    • 0037841424 scopus 로고
    • The development of the cyst of Besnoitia jellisoni; usefulness of this infection as a biological model
    • Frenkel J.K. The development of the cyst of Besnoitia jellisoni; usefulness of this infection as a biological model. Prog. Protozool. 1965, 91:122-124.
    • (1965) Prog. Protozool. , vol.91 , pp. 122-124
    • Frenkel, J.K.1
  • 91
    • 0017745661 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia wallacei of cats and rodents: with a reclassification of other cyst-forming isosporoid coccidia
    • Frenkel J.K. Besnoitia wallacei of cats and rodents: with a reclassification of other cyst-forming isosporoid coccidia. J. Parasitol. 1977, 63:611-628.
    • (1977) J. Parasitol. , vol.63 , pp. 611-628
    • Frenkel, J.K.1
  • 92
    • 80053564767 scopus 로고
    • An additional report on globidiosis of cattle
    • Fukushima T., Issiki O. An additional report on globidiosis of cattle. J. Chuo. Vet. Med. 1932, 12:953-958.
    • (1932) J. Chuo. Vet. Med. , vol.12 , pp. 953-958
    • Fukushima, T.1    Issiki, O.2
  • 93
    • 36049009726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neospora caninum infection in birds: experimental infections in chicken and embryonated eggs
    • Furuta P.I., Mineo T.W., Carrasco A.O., Godoy G.S., Pinto A.A., Machado R.Z. Neospora caninum infection in birds: experimental infections in chicken and embryonated eggs. Parasitology 2007, 134:1931-1939.
    • (2007) Parasitology , vol.134 , pp. 1931-1939
    • Furuta, P.I.1    Mineo, T.W.2    Carrasco, A.O.3    Godoy, G.S.4    Pinto, A.A.5    Machado, R.Z.6
  • 94
    • 80053571466 scopus 로고
    • Disease investigation of barren-ground caribou
    • In: Kelsall, J.P. (Ed.), Cooperative studies of barren-ground caribou, 1957-1958. Canadian Wildlife Service, Wildlife Manage Bull Ser 1, 15
    • Gibbs, H.C., 1960. Disease investigation of barren-ground caribou. In: Kelsall, J.P. (Ed.), Cooperative studies of barren-ground caribou, 1957-1958. Canadian Wildlife Service, Wildlife Manage Bull Ser 1, 15, 145.
    • (1960) , vol.145
    • Gibbs, H.C.1
  • 95
    • 79952897886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hammondia triffittae n. comb. of foxes (Vulpes spp.): biological and molecular characteristics and differentiation from Hammondia heydorni of dogs
    • Gjerde B., Dahlgren S.S. Hammondia triffittae n. comb. of foxes (Vulpes spp.): biological and molecular characteristics and differentiation from Hammondia heydorni of dogs. Parasitology 2011, 138:303-321.
    • (2011) Parasitology , vol.138 , pp. 303-321
    • Gjerde, B.1    Dahlgren, S.S.2
  • 96
    • 0025411693 scopus 로고
    • An epizootic of besnoitiosis in captive caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus)
    • Glover G.J., Swendrowski M., Cawthorn R.J. An epizootic of besnoitiosis in captive caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus). J. Wildl. Dis. 1990, 26:186-195.
    • (1990) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.26 , pp. 186-195
    • Glover, G.J.1    Swendrowski, M.2    Cawthorn, R.J.3
  • 97
    • 0020713891 scopus 로고
    • Serological studies on bovine besnoitiosis in Israel
    • Goldman M., Pipano E. Serological studies on bovine besnoitiosis in Israel. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 1983, 15:32-38.
    • (1983) Trop. Anim. Health Prod. , vol.15 , pp. 32-38
    • Goldman, M.1    Pipano, E.2
  • 98
  • 99
    • 77953090655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of bovine besnoitiosis in a bull born in Italy
    • Gollnick N.S., Gentile A., Schares G. Diagnosis of bovine besnoitiosis in a bull born in Italy. Vet. Rec. 2010, 166:599.
    • (2010) Vet. Rec. , vol.166 , pp. 599
    • Gollnick, N.S.1    Gentile, A.2    Schares, G.3
  • 100
    • 1442299356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation of the internal transcribed spacer 1 sequence within individual strains and among different strains of Neospora caninum
    • Gondim L.F., Laski P., Gao L., McAllister M.M. Variation of the internal transcribed spacer 1 sequence within individual strains and among different strains of Neospora caninum. J. Parasitol. 2004, 90:119-122.
    • (2004) J. Parasitol. , vol.90 , pp. 119-122
    • Gondim, L.F.1    Laski, P.2    Gao, L.3    McAllister, M.M.4
  • 102
    • 0000067725 scopus 로고
    • The oral and pharyngeal pathology of domestic animals. A study of 487 cases
    • Gorlin R.J., Barron C.N., Chaudhry A.P., Clark J.J. The oral and pharyngeal pathology of domestic animals. A study of 487 cases. Am. J. Vet. Res. 1959, 20:1032-1061.
    • (1959) Am. J. Vet. Res. , vol.20 , pp. 1032-1061
    • Gorlin, R.J.1    Barron, C.N.2    Chaudhry, A.P.3    Clark, J.J.4
  • 103
    • 0031002253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia sp. (Protozoa: Toxoplasmatinae) from Akodon montensis (Rodentia: Cricetidae) in Santa Catarina State, Brazil
    • Grisard E.C., Elsaid M.M., Tafuri W.L., Lima J.D., Pinto C.J., Steindel M., Vitor R.W. Besnoitia sp. (Protozoa: Toxoplasmatinae) from Akodon montensis (Rodentia: Cricetidae) in Santa Catarina State, Brazil. J. Parasitol. 1997, 83:314-316.
    • (1997) J. Parasitol. , vol.83 , pp. 314-316
    • Grisard, E.C.1    Elsaid, M.M.2    Tafuri, W.L.3    Lima, J.D.4    Pinto, C.J.5    Steindel, M.6    Vitor, R.W.7
  • 104
    • 3843128095 scopus 로고
    • Wildlife diseases and parasites in the Kitikmeot region
    • 1984-1990. Ren Res File Rep
    • Gunn, A., Leighton, T., Wobeser, G., 1991. Wildlife diseases and parasites in the Kitikmeot region, 1984-1990. Ren Res File Rep 104, 51 pp.
    • (1991) , vol.104 , pp. 51
    • Gunn, A.1    Leighton, T.2    Wobeser, G.3
  • 105
    • 0347105212 scopus 로고
    • Cyst-forming protozoa in reindeer and caribou, and a sarcosporidian parasite of the seal (Phoca richardi)
    • Hadwen S. Cyst-forming protozoa in reindeer and caribou, and a sarcosporidian parasite of the seal (Phoca richardi). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1922, 61:282-374.
    • (1922) J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. , vol.61 , pp. 282-374
    • Hadwen, S.1
  • 106
    • 33747074886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular and immunological basis of the host-parasite relationship during infection with Neospora caninum
    • Hemphill A., Vonlaufen N., Naguleswaran A. Cellular and immunological basis of the host-parasite relationship during infection with Neospora caninum. Parasitology 2006, 133:261-278.
    • (2006) Parasitology , vol.133 , pp. 261-278
    • Hemphill, A.1    Vonlaufen, N.2    Naguleswaran, A.3
  • 108
    • 78651211953 scopus 로고
    • Note sur l'existence de la globidiose bovine au Ruanda-Ltrundi
    • Herrin V.V. Note sur l'existence de la globidiose bovine au Ruanda-Ltrundi. Ann. Soc. Belg. Med. Trop. 1952, 32:155-160.
    • (1952) Ann. Soc. Belg. Med. Trop. , vol.32 , pp. 155-160
    • Herrin, V.V.1
  • 109
    • 0035400717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mind of the species problem
    • Hey J. The mind of the species problem. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2001, 16:326-329.
    • (2001) Trends Ecol. Evol. , vol.16 , pp. 326-329
    • Hey, J.1
  • 111
    • 0038757724 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructure of Besnoitia cysts from reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.)
    • Hilali M., Rehbinder C., Nikkilae T. Ultrastructure of Besnoitia cysts from reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.). Rangifer 1990, 3:335-342.
    • (1990) Rangifer , vol.3 , pp. 335-342
    • Hilali, M.1    Rehbinder, C.2    Nikkilae, T.3
  • 113
    • 0030938440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the internal transcribed spacer, ITS 1, from Toxoplasma gondii isolates and Neospora caninum
    • Homan W.L., Limper L., Verlaan M., Borst A., Vercammen M., van Knapen F. Comparison of the internal transcribed spacer, ITS 1, from Toxoplasma gondii isolates and Neospora caninum. Parasitol. Res. 1997, 83:285-289.
    • (1997) Parasitol. Res. , vol.83 , pp. 285-289
    • Homan, W.L.1    Limper, L.2    Verlaan, M.3    Borst, A.4    Vercammen, M.5    van Knapen, F.6
  • 114
    • 0028886480 scopus 로고
    • Toxoplasma gondii comprises three clonal lineages: correlation of parasite genotype with human disease
    • Howe D.K., Sibley L.D. Toxoplasma gondii comprises three clonal lineages: correlation of parasite genotype with human disease. J. Infect. Dis. 1995, 172:1561-1566.
    • (1995) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.172 , pp. 1561-1566
    • Howe, D.K.1    Sibley, L.D.2
  • 115
    • 80053570965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genome sequence for the apicomplexan Sarcocystis neurona
    • In: Proceedings of the Plant & Animal Genomes XVIII Conference, San Diego.
    • Howe, D.K., Schardl, C.L., Kissinger, J.C., 2010. A genome sequence for the apicomplexan Sarcocystis neurona. In: Proceedings of the Plant & Animal Genomes XVIII Conference, San Diego.
    • (2010)
    • Howe, D.K.1    Schardl, C.L.2    Kissinger, J.C.3
  • 116
    • 0016632717 scopus 로고
    • Bovine cutaneous besnoitiosis in the Sudan: a case report
    • Hussein M.F., Haroun E.M. Bovine cutaneous besnoitiosis in the Sudan: a case report. Br. Vet. J. 1975, 131:85.
    • (1975) Br. Vet. J. , vol.131 , pp. 85
    • Hussein, M.F.1    Haroun, E.M.2
  • 117
    • 24744450339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speciation in parasites: a population genetics approach
    • Huyse T., Poulin R., Theron A. Speciation in parasites: a population genetics approach. Trends Parasitol. 2005, 21:469-475.
    • (2005) Trends Parasitol. , vol.21 , pp. 469-475
    • Huyse, T.1    Poulin, R.2    Theron, A.3
  • 118
    • 0014339660 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitiosis of cattle in Kazakhstan
    • Hwan M.W. Besnoitiosis of cattle in Kazakhstan. Veterinariya 1968, 10:64-65.
    • (1968) Veterinariya , vol.10 , pp. 64-65
    • Hwan, M.W.1
  • 120
    • 80053575433 scopus 로고
    • A report on epidemiological aspects of internal parasite diseases in Quelpart Island
    • Issiki O. A report on epidemiological aspects of internal parasite diseases in Quelpart Island. Chosen-gakuho 1960, 19:76-80.
    • (1960) Chosen-gakuho , vol.19 , pp. 76-80
    • Issiki, O.1
  • 121
    • 0017976227 scopus 로고
    • Life cycle of the large type of Isospora bigemina of the cat
    • Ito S., Tsunoda K., Shimura K. Life cycle of the large type of Isospora bigemina of the cat. Natl. Inst. Anim. Health Q 1978, 18:69-82.
    • (1978) Natl. Inst. Anim. Health Q , vol.18 , pp. 69-82
    • Ito, S.1    Tsunoda, K.2    Shimura, K.3
  • 122
    • 78049378507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bovine besnoitiosis: Epidemiological and clinical aspects
    • Jacquiet P., Liénard E., Franc M. Bovine besnoitiosis: Epidemiological and clinical aspects. Vet. Parasitol. 2010, 174:30-36.
    • (2010) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.174 , pp. 30-36
    • Jacquiet, P.1    Liénard, E.2    Franc, M.3
  • 123
    • 0021693420 scopus 로고
    • Serodiagnosis of bovine besnoitiosis by ELISA and immunofluorescence tests
    • Janitschke K., De Vos A.J., Bigalke R.D. Serodiagnosis of bovine besnoitiosis by ELISA and immunofluorescence tests. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 1984, 51:239-243.
    • (1984) Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. , vol.51 , pp. 239-243
    • Janitschke, K.1    De Vos, A.J.2    Bigalke, R.D.3
  • 124
    • 84981846422 scopus 로고
    • Transmission of the protozoan Besnoitia jellisoni by ingestion
    • Jellison W.L., Fullerton W.J., Parker H. Transmission of the protozoan Besnoitia jellisoni by ingestion. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1956, 64:271-274.
    • (1956) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.64 , pp. 271-274
    • Jellison, W.L.1    Fullerton, W.J.2    Parker, H.3
  • 126
    • 8744262382 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia besnoiti and Besnoitia jellisoni: a comparison of the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in diagnosis of Besnoitia infections in rabbits and mice
    • Kaggwa E., Weiland G., Rommel M. Besnoitia besnoiti and Besnoitia jellisoni: a comparison of the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in diagnosis of Besnoitia infections in rabbits and mice. Bull. Anim. Helath Prod. Afr. 1979, 27:127-137.
    • (1979) Bull. Anim. Helath Prod. Afr. , vol.27 , pp. 127-137
    • Kaggwa, E.1    Weiland, G.2    Rommel, M.3
  • 129
    • 80053569291 scopus 로고
    • Histopathological studies of globidiosis in cattle
    • Kim S.N., Scofiled F.W. Histopathological studies of globidiosis in cattle. J. Korean Vet. Med. Assoc. 1959, 5:914-918.
    • (1959) J. Korean Vet. Med. Assoc. , vol.5 , pp. 914-918
    • Kim, S.N.1    Scofiled, F.W.2
  • 132
    • 80053570409 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and sanitary assessment of carcasses for Besnoitia and Sarcocystis in farm animals
    • Kuraev G. Diagnosis and sanitary assessment of carcasses for Besnoitia and Sarcocystis in farm animals. Kazakhskii Nauchno Issledovatelskii Veterinarnyi Institut 1979, 160:164.
    • (1979) Kazakhskii Nauchno Issledovatelskii Veterinarnyi Institut , vol.160 , pp. 164
    • Kuraev, G.1
  • 133
    • 67649458008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Arctic as a model for anticipating, preventing, and mitigating climate change impacts on host-parasite interactions
    • Kutz S.J., Jenkins E.J., Veitch A.M., Ducrocq J., Polley L., Elkin B., Lair S. The Arctic as a model for anticipating, preventing, and mitigating climate change impacts on host-parasite interactions. Vet. Parasitol. 2009, 163:217-228.
    • (2009) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.163 , pp. 217-228
    • Kutz, S.J.1    Jenkins, E.J.2    Veitch, A.M.3    Ducrocq, J.4    Polley, L.5    Elkin, B.6    Lair, S.7
  • 135
    • 84872338091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of Besnoitia in caribou of the Cape Bathurst subpopulation of the Bluenose herd. Government of the Northwest Territories
    • Larter, N.C., 1999. Incidence of Besnoitia in caribou of the Cape Bathurst subpopulation of the Bluenose herd. Government of the Northwest Territories. 15 pp.
    • (1999) , pp. 15
    • Larter, N.C.1
  • 136
    • 0022484285 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia strain differentiation using isoenzyme electrophoresis
    • Le Blancq S.M., Desser S.S., Shkap V., Pipano E. Besnoitia strain differentiation using isoenzyme electrophoresis. J. Parasitol. 1986, 72:475-476.
    • (1986) J. Parasitol. , vol.72 , pp. 475-476
    • Le Blancq, S.M.1    Desser, S.S.2    Shkap, V.3    Pipano, E.4
  • 137
    • 78049371200 scopus 로고
    • Studies on bovine besnoitiosis in Korea: II. A survey on incidence in the enzootic region Kisaengch'unghak chapchi
    • Lee H.S., Bak U.B., Moon M.H., Shin J.U. Studies on bovine besnoitiosis in Korea: II. A survey on incidence in the enzootic region Kisaengch'unghak chapchi. Korean J. Parasitol. 1970, 8:76-80.
    • (1970) Korean J. Parasitol. , vol.8 , pp. 76-80
    • Lee, H.S.1    Bak, U.B.2    Moon, M.H.3    Shin, J.U.4
  • 139
    • 0003093078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia spp. and besnoitiosis
    • Wiley-Blackwell, W.M. Samuel, M.J. Pybus, A.A. Kocan (Eds.)
    • Leighton F.A., Gajadhar A.A. Besnoitia spp. and besnoitiosis. Parasitic diseases of wild mammals 2001, 468-478. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. W.M. Samuel, M.J. Pybus, A.A. Kocan (Eds.).
    • (2001) Parasitic diseases of wild mammals , pp. 468-478
    • Leighton, F.A.1    Gajadhar, A.A.2
  • 140
    • 33749668788 scopus 로고
    • Globidiose bovine por Globidium besnoiti (Marotel, 1912)
    • Leitáo J.L.S. Globidiose bovine por Globidium besnoiti (Marotel, 1912). Rev. Med. Vet. 1949, 330:152-155.
    • (1949) Rev. Med. Vet. , vol.330 , pp. 152-155
    • Leitáo, J.L.S.1
  • 141
    • 6044270973 scopus 로고
    • British Columbia. Besnoitia infection in Woodland Caribou
    • Lewis R.J. British Columbia. Besnoitia infection in Woodland Caribou. Canad. Vet. J. 1989, 30:436.
    • (1989) Canad. Vet. J. , vol.30 , pp. 436
    • Lewis, R.J.1
  • 143
    • 80053565567 scopus 로고
    • Histopathological studies on bovine besnoitiosis in Cholllanam-Do
    • Ph.D. Thesis Chonnam University 10,
    • Lim, B.H., 1964. Histopathological studies on bovine besnoitiosis in Cholllanam-Do. Ph.D. Thesis Chonnam University 10, pp. 245-263.
    • (1964) , pp. 245-263
    • Lim, B.H.1
  • 144
    • 0028960961 scopus 로고
    • RRNA gene sequence heterogeneity among Toxoplasma gondii strains
    • Luton K., Gleeson M., Johnson A.M. RRNA gene sequence heterogeneity among Toxoplasma gondii strains. Parasitol. Res. 1995, 81:310-315.
    • (1995) Parasitol. Res. , vol.81 , pp. 310-315
    • Luton, K.1    Gleeson, M.2    Johnson, A.M.3
  • 145
    • 77449103261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ein Ausbruch von Besnoitiose bei Rindern in Deutschland: pathomorphologische, ultrastrukturelle und molekularbiologische Untersuchungen
    • Majzoub M., Breuer W., Gollnick N.S., Rostaher A., Schares G., Hermanns W. Ein Ausbruch von Besnoitiose bei Rindern in Deutschland: pathomorphologische, ultrastrukturelle und molekularbiologische Untersuchungen. Wien. Tierärztl. Mschr. 2010, 97:9-15.
    • (2010) Wien. Tierärztl. Mschr. , vol.97 , pp. 9-15
    • Majzoub, M.1    Breuer, W.2    Gollnick, N.S.3    Rostaher, A.4    Schares, G.5    Hermanns, W.6
  • 147
    • 80052525377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An outbreak of besnoitiosis in beef cattle born in Central Italy
    • Transbound Emerg. Dis., .doi:10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01220.x
    • Manuali, E., Lepri, E., Salamida, S., D'Avino, N., Mangili, P., Vitellozzi, G., Grelloni, V., Filippini, G., 2011. An outbreak of besnoitiosis in beef cattle born in Central Italy. Transbound Emerg. Dis., doi:10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01220.x.
    • (2011)
    • Manuali, E.1    Lepri, E.2    Salamida, S.3    D'Avino, N.4    Mangili, P.5    Vitellozzi, G.6    Grelloni, V.7    Filippini, G.8
  • 148
    • 0018875894 scopus 로고
    • The discovery of Besnoitia wallacei in Australia and the identification of a free-living intermediate host
    • Mason R.W. The discovery of Besnoitia wallacei in Australia and the identification of a free-living intermediate host. Z. Parasitenkd. 1980, 61:173-178.
    • (1980) Z. Parasitenkd. , vol.61 , pp. 173-178
    • Mason, R.W.1
  • 150
    • 0038081094 scopus 로고
    • Observations on Besnoitia cysts in the cardiovascular system of some wild antelopes and domestic cattle
    • McCully R.M., Basson P.A., Van Niekerk J.W., Bigalke R.D. Observations on Besnoitia cysts in the cardiovascular system of some wild antelopes and domestic cattle. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 1966, 33:245-276.
    • (1966) Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. , vol.33 , pp. 245-276
    • McCully, R.M.1    Basson, P.A.2    Van Niekerk, J.W.3    Bigalke, R.D.4
  • 151
    • 0019028930 scopus 로고
    • Coccidea (Protozoa: Sporozoasida) of cats and dogs. III. The occurence of a species of Besnoitia in cats
    • McKenna P.B., Charleston W.A.G. Coccidea (Protozoa: Sporozoasida) of cats and dogs. III. The occurence of a species of Besnoitia in cats. N. Z. Vet. J. 1980, 28:120-122.
    • (1980) N. Z. Vet. J. , vol.28 , pp. 120-122
    • McKenna, P.B.1    Charleston, W.A.G.2
  • 152
    • 0017125641 scopus 로고
    • Light and electron microscopic investigations of 2 types of giant schizonts (Globidium) form the rennet-bag of sheep
    • Mehlhorn H., Heydorn A.O. Light and electron microscopic investigations of 2 types of giant schizonts (Globidium) form the rennet-bag of sheep. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenkd. Infekt. Hyg. 1976, 236:386-406.
    • (1976) Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenkd. Infekt. Hyg. , vol.236 , pp. 386-406
    • Mehlhorn, H.1    Heydorn, A.O.2
  • 153
    • 0018110901 scopus 로고
    • The Sarcosporidia (Protozoa, Sporozoa): life cycle and fine structure
    • Mehlhorn H., Heydorn A.O. The Sarcosporidia (Protozoa, Sporozoa): life cycle and fine structure. Adv. Parasitol. 1978, 16:43-91.
    • (1978) Adv. Parasitol. , vol.16 , pp. 43-91
    • Mehlhorn, H.1    Heydorn, A.O.2
  • 154
    • 65549165895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Another African disease in Central Europa: besnoitiosis of cattle. I. Light and electron microscopical study
    • Mehlhorn H., Klimpel S., Schein E., Heydorn A.O., Al-Quraishy S., Selmair J. Another African disease in Central Europa: besnoitiosis of cattle. I. Light and electron microscopical study. Parasitol. Res. 2009, 104:861-868.
    • (2009) Parasitol. Res. , vol.104 , pp. 861-868
    • Mehlhorn, H.1    Klimpel, S.2    Schein, E.3    Heydorn, A.O.4    Al-Quraishy, S.5    Selmair, J.6
  • 158
    • 78650771129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental infection of embryonated eggs of chicken with Besnoitia caprae
    • Namazi F., Oryan A., Namavari M.M., Rahimain A. Experimental infection of embryonated eggs of chicken with Besnoitia caprae. Trop. Biomed. 2010, 27:417-423.
    • (2010) Trop. Biomed. , vol.27 , pp. 417-423
    • Namazi, F.1    Oryan, A.2    Namavari, M.M.3    Rahimain, A.4
  • 159
    • 79955930807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic characterization of the causative agent of besnoitiosis in goats in Iran on the basis of internal transcribed spacer rDNA and its comparison with Besnoitia species of other hosts
    • Namazi F., Oryan A., Sharifiyazdi H. Genetic characterization of the causative agent of besnoitiosis in goats in Iran on the basis of internal transcribed spacer rDNA and its comparison with Besnoitia species of other hosts. Parasitol. Res. 2011, 108:633-638.
    • (2011) Parasitol. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 633-638
    • Namazi, F.1    Oryan, A.2    Sharifiyazdi, H.3
  • 160
    • 84995139239 scopus 로고
    • Globidiosis of cattle and sheep in Israel
    • Neuman M., Nobel T.A. Globidiosis of cattle and sheep in Israel. Refuah. Vet. 1960, 17:101-103.
    • (1960) Refuah. Vet. , vol.17 , pp. 101-103
    • Neuman, M.1    Nobel, T.A.2
  • 161
    • 0015344752 scopus 로고
    • Serological survey of Besnoitia besnoiti (Marotel 1912) infection in Israel by immunofluorescence
    • Neuman M. Serological survey of Besnoitia besnoiti (Marotel 1912) infection in Israel by immunofluorescence. Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. B 1972, 19:391-396.
    • (1972) Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. B , vol.19 , pp. 391-396
    • Neuman, M.1
  • 162
    • 0016248366 scopus 로고
    • Cultivation of Besnoitia besnoiti Marotel, 1912, in cell culture
    • Neuman M. Cultivation of Besnoitia besnoiti Marotel, 1912, in cell culture. Tropenmed. Parasitol. 1974, 25:243-249.
    • (1974) Tropenmed. Parasitol. , vol.25 , pp. 243-249
    • Neuman, M.1
  • 163
    • 0019736545 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the pathology and besnoitiosis in experimental animals
    • Neuman M., Nobel T.A. Observations on the pathology and besnoitiosis in experimental animals. Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. B 1981, 28:345-354.
    • (1981) Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. B , vol.28 , pp. 345-354
    • Neuman, M.1    Nobel, T.A.2
  • 165
    • 0028283077 scopus 로고
    • Caprine besnoitisis: studies on the experimental intermediate hosts and the role of the domestic cat in transmission
    • Ng'ang'a C.J., Kasigazi S. Caprine besnoitisis: studies on the experimental intermediate hosts and the role of the domestic cat in transmission. Vet. Parasitol. 1994, 52:207-210.
    • (1994) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.52 , pp. 207-210
    • Ng'ang'a, C.J.1    Kasigazi, S.2
  • 166
    • 80053568888 scopus 로고
    • Disease of reindeer
    • Israel Program for Scientific Translations, P.S. Zhigunov (Ed.)
    • Nikolaevskii L.D. Disease of reindeer. Reindeer husbandry (Severnoe olenevodstvo) 1968, 266-268. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, pp. 2 ed. P.S. Zhigunov (Ed.).
    • (1968) Reindeer husbandry (Severnoe olenevodstvo) , pp. 266-268
    • Nikolaevskii, L.D.1
  • 173
    • 84857992429 scopus 로고
    • Renens sjukdomar. In: Ekonomisk renskötsel, LTs forlag, Borås, Sweden
    • Nordkvist, M., 1966. Renens sjukdomar. In: Ekonomisk renskötsel, LTs forlag, Borås, Sweden, p. 127.
    • (1966) , pp. 127
    • Nordkvist, M.1
  • 174
    • 80053568340 scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of inapparent cutaneous besnoitiosis in cattle in Nigeria
    • Oduye O. Occurrence of inapparent cutaneous besnoitiosis in cattle in Nigeria. J. Nigerian Vet. Med. Assoc. 1974, 3:92-96.
    • (1974) J. Nigerian Vet. Med. Assoc. , vol.3 , pp. 92-96
    • Oduye, O.1
  • 175
    • 84858001597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OIE - World Organisation for Animal Health, OIE listed diseases. Available from: <> (accessed 22.6.11).
    • OIE - World Organisation for Animal Health, 2011. OIE listed diseases. Available from: <> (accessed 22.6.11). http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/oie-listed-diseases-2011.
    • (2011)
  • 176
    • 78751611589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of Sarcocystis calchasi sporocysts in European Accipiter hawks
    • Olias P., Olias L., Krücken J., Lierz M., Gruber A.D. High prevalence of Sarcocystis calchasi sporocysts in European Accipiter hawks. Vet. Parasitol. 2011, 175:230-236.
    • (2011) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.175 , pp. 230-236
    • Olias, P.1    Olias, L.2    Krücken, J.3    Lierz, M.4    Gruber, A.D.5
  • 178
    • 0031265143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An epizootic of besnoitiosis in goats in Fars Province of Iran
    • Oryan A., Sadeghi M.J. An epizootic of besnoitiosis in goats in Fars Province of Iran. Vet. Res. Commun. 1997, 21:559-570.
    • (1997) Vet. Res. Commun. , vol.21 , pp. 559-570
    • Oryan, A.1    Sadeghi, M.J.2
  • 179
    • 42049096713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructure and pathology of Besnoitia caprae in the naturally infected goats of Kerman, East of Iran
    • Oryan A., Azizi S. Ultrastructure and pathology of Besnoitia caprae in the naturally infected goats of Kerman, East of Iran. Parasitol. Res. 2008, 102:1171-1176.
    • (2008) Parasitol. Res. , vol.102 , pp. 1171-1176
    • Oryan, A.1    Azizi, S.2
  • 180
    • 39149094917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathology and serum biochemical changes in natural caprine besnoitiosis
    • Oryan A., Nazifi S., Mohebbi H. Pathology and serum biochemical changes in natural caprine besnoitiosis. Revue Med Vet 2008, 159:27-32.
    • (2008) Revue Med Vet , vol.159 , pp. 27-32
    • Oryan, A.1    Nazifi, S.2    Mohebbi, H.3
  • 181
    • 77955550332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the pathogensis of two isolates of Besnoitia caprae in inbred BALB/c mice
    • Oryan A., Namazi F., Namavari M.M., Sharifiyazdi H., Moraveji M. Comparison of the pathogensis of two isolates of Besnoitia caprae in inbred BALB/c mice. Vet. Res. Commun. 2010, 34:423-434.
    • (2010) Vet. Res. Commun. , vol.34 , pp. 423-434
    • Oryan, A.1    Namazi, F.2    Namavari, M.M.3    Sharifiyazdi, H.4    Moraveji, M.5
  • 182
    • 80355147426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histopathologic and ultrastructural studies on experimental caprine besnoitiosis. Vet. Pathol
    • in press. doi:10.1177/0300985811398248
    • Oryan, A., Namazi, F., Silver, I.A., in press. Histopathologic and ultrastructural studies on experimental caprine besnoitiosis. Vet. Pathol. doi:10.1177/0300985811398248.
    • Oryan, A.1    Namazi, F.2    Silver, I.A.3
  • 183
    • 0034822255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Light microscopical structure and ultrastructure of a Besnoitia sp. in the naturally infected lizard Ameiva ameiva (Teiidae) from north Brazil, and in experimentally infected mice
    • Paperna I., Lainson R. Light microscopical structure and ultrastructure of a Besnoitia sp. in the naturally infected lizard Ameiva ameiva (Teiidae) from north Brazil, and in experimentally infected mice. Parasitology 2001, 123:247-255.
    • (2001) Parasitology , vol.123 , pp. 247-255
    • Paperna, I.1    Lainson, R.2
  • 186
    • 80053570496 scopus 로고
    • The artificial transmission of Globidium besnoiti (Marotel, 1912) to cats and rabbits
    • Pols J.W. The artificial transmission of Globidium besnoiti (Marotel, 1912) to cats and rabbits. J. S. Afr. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1954, 25:37-44.
    • (1954) J. S. Afr. Vet. Med. Assoc. , vol.25 , pp. 37-44
    • Pols, J.W.1
  • 187
    • 0006403891 scopus 로고
    • Studies on bovine besnoitiosis with special reference to the aetiology
    • Pols J.W. Studies on bovine besnoitiosis with special reference to the aetiology. Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. 1960, 28:265-356.
    • (1960) Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res. , vol.28 , pp. 265-356
    • Pols, J.W.1
  • 188
    • 0016411854 scopus 로고
    • Note clinique: un cas de globidiose cutanée bovine
    • Provost A. Note clinique: un cas de globidiose cutanée bovine. Rev. Elev. Méd. Vét. Pays. Trop. 1975, 28:13-15.
    • (1975) Rev. Elev. Méd. Vét. Pays. Trop. , vol.28 , pp. 13-15
    • Provost, A.1
  • 189
    • 0019554415 scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous besnoitiosis in a Swedish reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.)
    • Rehbinder C., Elvander M., Nordkvist M. Cutaneous besnoitiosis in a Swedish reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.). Nord. Vet. Med. 1981, 33:270-273.
    • (1981) Nord. Vet. Med. , vol.33 , pp. 270-273
    • Rehbinder, C.1    Elvander, M.2    Nordkvist, M.3
  • 190
    • 33747079988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microtubule cytoskeleton behavior in the initial steps of host cell invasion by Besnoitia besnoiti
    • Reis Y., Cortes H., Viseu Melo L., Fazendeiro I., Leitao A., Soares H. Microtubule cytoskeleton behavior in the initial steps of host cell invasion by Besnoitia besnoiti. FEBS Lett. 2006, 580:4673-4682.
    • (2006) FEBS Lett. , vol.580 , pp. 4673-4682
    • Reis, Y.1    Cortes, H.2    Viseu Melo, L.3    Fazendeiro, I.4    Leitao, A.5    Soares, H.6
  • 191
    • 0016638255 scopus 로고
    • New knowledge on the biology of Coccidia, Toxoplasma, Sarcosporidia and Besnoitia
    • Rommel M. New knowledge on the biology of Coccidia, Toxoplasma, Sarcosporidia and Besnoitia. Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr. 1975, 88:112-117.
    • (1975) Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr. , vol.88 , pp. 112-117
    • Rommel, M.1
  • 192
    • 0018215384 scopus 로고
    • Vergleichende Darstellung der Entwicklungsbiologie der Gattungen Sarcocystis, Frenkelia, Cystoisospora, Hammonida, Toxoplasma und Besnoitia
    • Rommel M. Vergleichende Darstellung der Entwicklungsbiologie der Gattungen Sarcocystis, Frenkelia, Cystoisospora, Hammonida, Toxoplasma und Besnoitia. Z. Parasitenkd. 1978, 57:269-283.
    • (1978) Z. Parasitenkd. , vol.57 , pp. 269-283
    • Rommel, M.1
  • 193
    • 80053571178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abstract: is genetic structure of Toxoplasma gondii exceptional for parasite of this kind?
    • Rosenthal B. Abstract: is genetic structure of Toxoplasma gondii exceptional for parasite of this kind?. Inf. Genet. Evol. 2003, 2:250.
    • (2003) Inf. Genet. Evol. , vol.2 , pp. 250
    • Rosenthal, B.1
  • 196
    • 0023432685 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia besnoiti: long term cultivation in tick cell lines
    • Samish M., Shkap V., Pipano E. Besnoitia besnoiti: long term cultivation in tick cell lines. Exp. Parasitol. 1987, 64:261-263.
    • (1987) Exp. Parasitol. , vol.64 , pp. 261-263
    • Samish, M.1    Shkap, V.2    Pipano, E.3
  • 197
    • 0023986716 scopus 로고
    • Cultivation of Besnoitia besnoiti in four tick cell lines
    • Samish M., Shkap V., Bin H., Pipano E.M. Cultivation of Besnoitia besnoiti in four tick cell lines. Int. J. Parasitol. 1988, 18:291-296.
    • (1988) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.18 , pp. 291-296
    • Samish, M.1    Shkap, V.2    Bin, H.3    Pipano, E.M.4
  • 198
    • 0025820409 scopus 로고
    • A simple field diagnostic smear test for bovine besnoitiosis
    • Sannusi A. A simple field diagnostic smear test for bovine besnoitiosis. Vet. Parasitol. 1991, 39:185-188.
    • (1991) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.39 , pp. 185-188
    • Sannusi, A.1
  • 199
    • 0036134915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In contrast to dogs, red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) did not shed Neospora caninum upon feeding of intermediate host tissues
    • Schares G., Heydorn A.O., Cuppers A., Mehlhorn H., Geue L., Peters M., Conraths F.J. In contrast to dogs, red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) did not shed Neospora caninum upon feeding of intermediate host tissues. Parasitol. Res. 2002, 88:44-52.
    • (2002) Parasitol. Res. , vol.88 , pp. 44-52
    • Schares, G.1    Heydorn, A.O.2    Cuppers, A.3    Mehlhorn, H.4    Geue, L.5    Peters, M.6    Conraths, F.J.7
  • 201
    • 77953621744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative evaluation of immunofluorescent antibody and new immunoblot tests for the specific detection of antibodies against Besnoitia besnoiti tachyzoites and bradyzoites in bovine sera
    • Schares G., Basso W., Majzoub M., Rostaher A., Scharr J.C., Langenmayer M.C., Selmair J., Dubey J.P., Cortes H.C., Conraths F.J., Gollnick N.S. Comparative evaluation of immunofluorescent antibody and new immunoblot tests for the specific detection of antibodies against Besnoitia besnoiti tachyzoites and bradyzoites in bovine sera. Vet. Parasitol. 2010, 171:32-40.
    • (2010) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.171 , pp. 32-40
    • Schares, G.1    Basso, W.2    Majzoub, M.3    Rostaher, A.4    Scharr, J.C.5    Langenmayer, M.C.6    Selmair, J.7    Dubey, J.P.8    Cortes, H.C.9    Conraths, F.J.10    Gollnick, N.S.11
  • 204
    • 0013785194 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia panamensis, sp. n. (Protozoa: Toxoplasmatidae) from Panamanian lizards
    • Schneider C.R. Besnoitia panamensis, sp. n. (Protozoa: Toxoplasmatidae) from Panamanian lizards. J. Parasitol. 1965, 51:340-344.
    • (1965) J. Parasitol. , vol.51 , pp. 340-344
    • Schneider, C.R.1
  • 205
    • 0014146486 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of lizard besoitiosis in Panama and its transfer to mice
    • Schneider C.R. The distribution of lizard besoitiosis in Panama and its transfer to mice. J. Protozool. 1967, 14:674-678.
    • (1967) J. Protozool. , vol.14 , pp. 674-678
    • Schneider, C.R.1
  • 206
    • 0015857083 scopus 로고
    • Identification of merozoites of 4 cyst-forming Coccidia (Sarcocystis, Toxoplasma, Besnoitia, Frenkelia) by means of electron microscopy
    • Scholtyseck E., Mehlhorn H., Muller B.E. Identification of merozoites of 4 cyst-forming Coccidia (Sarcocystis, Toxoplasma, Besnoitia, Frenkelia) by means of electron microscopy. Z. Parasitenkd. 1973, 42:185-206.
    • (1973) Z. Parasitenkd. , vol.42 , pp. 185-206
    • Scholtyseck, E.1    Mehlhorn, H.2    Muller, B.E.3
  • 207
    • 0016212216 scopus 로고
    • Feinstruktur der Cyste und Cystenwand von Sarcocystis tenella, Besnoitia jellisoni, Frenkelia sp. und Toxoplasma gondii
    • Scholtyseck E., Mehlhorn H., Müller E.G. Feinstruktur der Cyste und Cystenwand von Sarcocystis tenella, Besnoitia jellisoni, Frenkelia sp. und Toxoplasma gondii. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 1974, 21:284-294.
    • (1974) J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. , vol.21 , pp. 284-294
    • Scholtyseck, E.1    Mehlhorn, H.2    Müller, E.G.3
  • 209
    • 0040764558 scopus 로고
    • A report on naturally acquired besnoitiosis in bovines with special reference to its pathology
    • Schulz K.C.A. A report on naturally acquired besnoitiosis in bovines with special reference to its pathology. J. S. Afr. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1960, 31:21-35.
    • (1960) J. S. Afr. Vet. Med. Assoc. , vol.31 , pp. 21-35
    • Schulz, K.C.A.1
  • 210
    • 44049116181 scopus 로고
    • Loss of libido and terminal sterility in a Friesian bull naturally infected with Besnoitia besnoiti in Northern Nigeria: a case report
    • Sekoni V.O., Sanusi A., Abatan M.O., Oyedipe E.O., Rekwot P.I., Eduvie L.O. Loss of libido and terminal sterility in a Friesian bull naturally infected with Besnoitia besnoiti in Northern Nigeria: a case report. Theriogenology 1992, 37:533-549.
    • (1992) Theriogenology , vol.37 , pp. 533-549
    • Sekoni, V.O.1    Sanusi, A.2    Abatan, M.O.3    Oyedipe, E.O.4    Rekwot, P.I.5    Eduvie, L.O.6
  • 211
    • 80053570591 scopus 로고
    • The research report of the bovine globidiosis disease. China Yak 12,
    • Shaowen, Z., Danba, G., XueLiang, L., 1981. The research report of the bovine globidiosis disease. China Yak 12, 35 pp.
    • (1981) , pp. 35
    • Shaowen, Z.1    Danba, G.2    XueLiang, L.3
  • 212
    • 0021526050 scopus 로고
    • Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies against Besnoitia besnoiti in cattle
    • Shkap V., Ungar-Waron H., Pipano E., Greenblatt C. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies against Besnoitia besnoiti in cattle. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 1984, 16:233-238.
    • (1984) Trop. Anim. Health Prod. , vol.16 , pp. 233-238
    • Shkap, V.1    Ungar-Waron, H.2    Pipano, E.3    Greenblatt, C.4
  • 213
    • 0023110567 scopus 로고
    • Cultivation of Besnoitia besnoiti and evaluation of susceptibility of laboratory animals to cultured parasites
    • Shkap V., Pipano E., Greenblatt C. Cultivation of Besnoitia besnoiti and evaluation of susceptibility of laboratory animals to cultured parasites. Vet. Parasitol. 1987, 23:169-178.
    • (1987) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.23 , pp. 169-178
    • Shkap, V.1    Pipano, E.2    Greenblatt, C.3
  • 214
  • 215
    • 0029013811 scopus 로고
    • Differentiating between Besnoitia besnoiti from cattle and Sarcocystis hoarensis from rodents
    • Shkap V., Matuschka F.R., Yakobson B., Perl S., Frank M., Pipano E. Differentiating between Besnoitia besnoiti from cattle and Sarcocystis hoarensis from rodents. Parasitol. Res. 1995, 81:490-493.
    • (1995) Parasitol. Res. , vol.81 , pp. 490-493
    • Shkap, V.1    Matuschka, F.R.2    Yakobson, B.3    Perl, S.4    Frank, M.5    Pipano, E.6
  • 216
    • 0037198513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunological relationship between Neospora caninum and Besnoitia besnoiti
    • Shkap V., Reske A., Pipano E., Fish L., Baszler T. Immunological relationship between Neospora caninum and Besnoitia besnoiti. Vet. Parasitol. 2002, 106:35-43.
    • (2002) Vet. Parasitol. , vol.106 , pp. 35-43
    • Shkap, V.1    Reske, A.2    Pipano, E.3    Fish, L.4    Baszler, T.5
  • 217
    • 53849092760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population structure of Toxoplasma gondii: clonal expansion driven by infrequent recombination and selective sweeps
    • Sibley L.D., Ajioka J.W. Population structure of Toxoplasma gondii: clonal expansion driven by infrequent recombination and selective sweeps. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 2008, 62:329-351.
    • (2008) Annu. Rev. Microbiol. , vol.62 , pp. 329-351
    • Sibley, L.D.1    Ajioka, J.W.2
  • 218
    • 0017713880 scopus 로고
    • An epizootic among knots (Calidris canutus) in Florida. II. Ultrastructure of the causative agent, a Besnoitia-like organism
    • Simpson C.F., Woodard J.C., Forrester D.J. An epizootic among knots (Calidris canutus) in Florida. II. Ultrastructure of the causative agent, a Besnoitia-like organism. Vet. Pathol. 1977, 14:351-360.
    • (1977) Vet. Pathol. , vol.14 , pp. 351-360
    • Simpson, C.F.1    Woodard, J.C.2    Forrester, D.J.3
  • 220
    • 0017667451 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia darlingi (Protozoa: Toxoplasmatinae): cyclic transmission by cats
    • Smith D.D., Frenkel J.K. Besnoitia darlingi (Protozoa: Toxoplasmatinae): cyclic transmission by cats. J. Parasitol. 1977, 63:1066-1071.
    • (1977) J. Parasitol. , vol.63 , pp. 1066-1071
    • Smith, D.D.1    Frenkel, J.K.2
  • 221
    • 0021740789 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia darlingi (Apicomplexa, Sarcocystidae, Toxoplasmatinae): transmission between opossums and cats
    • Smith D.D., Frenkel J.K. Besnoitia darlingi (Apicomplexa, Sarcocystidae, Toxoplasmatinae): transmission between opossums and cats. J. Protozool. 1984, 31:584-587.
    • (1984) J. Protozool. , vol.31 , pp. 584-587
    • Smith, D.D.1    Frenkel, J.K.2
  • 224
    • 0015723981 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia bennetti in two Mexican burros
    • Terrell T.G., Stookey J.L. Besnoitia bennetti in two Mexican burros. Vet. Pathol. 1973, 10:177-184.
    • (1973) Vet. Pathol. , vol.10 , pp. 177-184
    • Terrell, T.G.1    Stookey, J.L.2
  • 225
    • 84857998529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • La besnoitiose bovine, Données bibliographiques. Ph.D. thesis Université Paul-Sabatier de Toulouse, France
    • Thomas, C., 2007. La besnoitiose bovine, Données bibliographiques. Ph.D. thesis Université Paul-Sabatier de Toulouse, France.
    • (2007)
    • Thomas, C.1
  • 226
    • 0031891907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic epidemiology of parasitic protozoa and other infectious agents: the need for an integrated approach
    • Tibayrenc M. Genetic epidemiology of parasitic protozoa and other infectious agents: the need for an integrated approach. Int. J. Parasitol. 1998, 28:85-104.
    • (1998) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.28 , pp. 85-104
    • Tibayrenc, M.1
  • 229
    • 84857992542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caracterização genética preliminar da Besnoitia besnoiti isolada de tecidos fixados em formalina
    • In: Proceedings of the VI Congresso Ibérico de Parasitologia, Córdoba, Spain.
    • Vidal, R., Ferreira, M.L., Caeiro, V.C., Mi, S., Am, G., Costa, F.J., Jorge Victor, J.M., 1999. Caracterização genética preliminar da Besnoitia besnoiti isolada de tecidos fixados em formalina. In: Proceedings of the VI Congresso Ibérico de Parasitologia, Córdoba, Spain.
    • (1999)
    • Vidal, R.1    Ferreira, M.L.2    Caeiro, V.C.3    Mi, S.4    Am, G.5    Costa, F.J.6    Jorge Victor, J.M.7
  • 230
    • 24644519716 scopus 로고
    • Globidium besnoiti (Marotel, 1912) y habronemosis cutanea en bovinos de Venezuela
    • Vogelsang E.G., Gallo P. Globidium besnoiti (Marotel, 1912) y habronemosis cutanea en bovinos de Venezuela. Rev. Med. Vet. Parasitol. Caracas. 1941, 3:153-155.
    • (1941) Rev. Med. Vet. Parasitol. Caracas. , vol.3 , pp. 153-155
    • Vogelsang, E.G.1    Gallo, P.2
  • 231
    • 0016808248 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitia species (Protozoa, Sporozoa, Toxoplasmatidae): recognition of cyclic transmission by cats
    • Wallace G.D., Frenkel J.K. Besnoitia species (Protozoa, Sporozoa, Toxoplasmatidae): recognition of cyclic transmission by cats. Science 1975, 188:369-371.
    • (1975) Science , vol.188 , pp. 369-371
    • Wallace, G.D.1    Frenkel, J.K.2
  • 232
    • 78049372254 scopus 로고
    • Preparation of antigen from Besnoitia besnoiti (bovine) and study on diagnosis of bovine besnoitiosis using the indirect haemagglutination test
    • Wang X.S., Liu W.D. Preparation of antigen from Besnoitia besnoiti (bovine) and study on diagnosis of bovine besnoitiosis using the indirect haemagglutination test. Acta Vet. Zootech. Sin. 1987, 18:55-61.
    • (1987) Acta Vet. Zootech. Sin. , vol.18 , pp. 55-61
    • Wang, X.S.1    Liu, W.D.2
  • 233
    • 0037743589 scopus 로고
    • Besnoitiosis in a woodland caribou
    • Wobeser G. Besnoitiosis in a woodland caribou. J. Wildl. Dis. 1976, 12:566-571.
    • (1976) J. Wildl. Dis. , vol.12 , pp. 566-571
    • Wobeser, G.1
  • 234
    • 0017704368 scopus 로고
    • An epizootic among knots (Calidris canutus) in Florida. I. Disease syndrome, histology and transmission studies
    • Woodard J.C., Forrester D.J., White F.H., Gaskin J.M., Thompson N.P. An epizootic among knots (Calidris canutus) in Florida. I. Disease syndrome, histology and transmission studies. Vet. Pathol. 1977, 14:338-350.
    • (1977) Vet. Pathol. , vol.14 , pp. 338-350
    • Woodard, J.C.1    Forrester, D.J.2    White, F.H.3    Gaskin, J.M.4    Thompson, N.P.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.