Confocal backscattering-based detection of leukemic cells in flowing blood samples

Cytometry Part A

Volumn 79 A, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 874-883

  Greiner, Cherry ^a   Hunter, Martin ^a   Rius, Francisca ^b   Huang, Peter ^a,c   Georgakoudi, Irene ^a  

^a Tufts University   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MÁLAGA   (Spain)

^c State University of New York at Binghamton   (United States)

Author keywords

Diagnostics; Flow cytometry; Leukemia; Light scattering; Microfluidics; Minimal residual disease; White blood cells

Indexed keywords

ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA; ADOLESCENT; ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; BLOOD; CELL LINE; CHILD; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; CYTOLOGY; ERYTHROCYTE; ERYTHROCYTE COUNT; FLOW CYTOMETRY; HUMAN; INSTRUMENTATION; LEUKOCYTE; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; LIGHT; METHODOLOGY; MICROFLUIDICS; MONONUCLEAR CELL; NEUTROPHIL; PATHOLOGY; PRE B LYMPHOCYTE; RADIATION SCATTERING; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SPECTROSCOPY;

ADOLESCENT; ALGORITHMS; CELL LINE; CHILD; ERYTHROCYTE COUNT; ERYTHROCYTES; FLOW CYTOMETRY; HUMANS; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; LEUKOCYTES; LEUKOCYTES, MONONUCLEAR; LIGHT; MICROFLUIDICS; MICROSCOPY, CONFOCAL; NEUTROPHILS; PRECURSOR CELL LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA; PRECURSOR CELLS, B-LYMPHOID; SCATTERING, RADIATION; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS;

EID: 80053104753     PISSN: 15524922     EISSN: 15524930     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.21086     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Cripe LD. Adult acute leukemia. Curr Probl Cancer 1997; 21: 1-64.
2. Leukemia Classifications [Online]. 2010 [cited 2010 May 13]; Available at: URL: .
3. Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Thun MJ. Cancer statistics, 2007. CA Cancer J Clin 2007; 57: 43-66.
4. Ries LAG, Smith MA, Gurney JG, Linet M, Tamra T, Young JL, Bunin GR. Cancer incidence and survival among children and adolescents: United States SEER Program 1975-1999; Pub. no. 99-4646. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute, 1999;. p. 189.
5. Pui CH, Evans WE. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 605-615.
6. Campana D, Coustan-Smith E. Detection of minimal residual disease in acute leukemia by flow cytometry. Cytometry 1999; 38: 139-152.
7. Felix CA, Lange BJ, Chessells JM. Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Challenges and controversies in 2000. Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2000; 1: 285-302.
8. Pui CH, Campana D, Evans WE. Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia-Current status and future perspectives. Lancet Oncol 2001; 2: 597-607.
9. Campana D. Status of minimal residual disease testing in childhood haematological malignancies. Br J Haematol 2008; 143: 481-489.
10. Flohr T, Schrauder A, Cazzaniga G, Panzer-Grumayer R, van der Velden V, Fischer S, Stanulla M, Basso G, Niggli FK, Schafer BW, Sutton R, Koehler R, Zimmermann M, Valsecchi MG, Gadner H, Masera G, Schrappe M, van Dongen JJ, Biondi A, Bartram CR, International BFM Study Group (I-BFM-SG). Minimal residual disease-directed risk stratification using real-time quantitative PCR analysis of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements in the international multicenter trial AIEOP-BFM ALL 2000 for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2008; 22: 771-782.
11. Coustan-Smith E, Sancho J, Behm FG, Hancock ML, Razzouk BI, Ribeiro RC, Rivera GK, Rubnitz JE, Sandlund JT, Pui CH, Campana D. Prognostic importance of measuring early clearance of leukemic cells by flow cytometry in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2002; 100: 52-58.
12. Campana D, Pui CH. Detection of minimal residual disease in acute leukemia: Methodologic advances and clinical significance. Blood 1995; 85: 1416-1434.
13. Henze G, Fengler R, Hartmann R, Kornhuber B, Janka-Schaub G, Niethammer D, Riehm H. Six-year experience with a comprehensive approach to the treatment of recurrent childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-REZ BFM 85). A relapse study of the BFM group. Blood 1991; 78: 1166-1172.
14. Robillard N, Cave H, Mechinaud F, Guidal C, Garnache-Ottou F, Rohrlich PS, Avet-Loiseau H, Garand R. Four-color flow cytometry bypasses limitations of IG/TCR polymerase chain reaction for minimal residual disease detection in certain subsets of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 2005; 90: 1516-1523.
15. Cave H, van der Werff ten Bosch J, Suciu S, Guidal C, Waterkeyn C, Otten J, Bakkus M, Thielemans K, Grandchamp B, Vilmer E. Clinical significance of minimal residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer-Childhood Leukemia Cooperative Group. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 591-598.
16. Coustan-Smith E, Sancho J, Hancock ML, Boyett JM, Behm FG, Raimondi SC, Sandlund JT, Rivera GK, Rubnitz JE, Ribeiro RC, Pui CH, Campana D. Clinical importance of minimal residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2000; 96: 2691-2696.
17. Neale GA, Coustan-Smith E, Pan Q, Chen X, Gruhn B, Stow P, Behm FG, Pui CH, Campana D. Tandem application of flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction for comprehensive detection of minimal residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 1999; 13: 1221-1226.
18. Coustan-Smith E, Sancho J, Hancock ML, Razzouk BI, Ribeiro RC, Rivera GK, Rubnitz JE, Sandlund JT, Pui CH, Campana D. Use of peripheral blood instead of bone marrow to monitor residual disease in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2002; 100: 2399-2402.
19. van der Velden VH, Hochhaus A, Cazzaniga G, Szczepanski T, Gabert J, van Dongen JJ. Detection of minimal residual disease in hematologic malignancies by real-time quantitative PCR: Principles, approaches, and laboratory aspects. Leukemia 2003; 17: 1013-1034.
20. Beishuizen A, Verhoeven MA, van Wering ER, Hahlen K, Hooijkaas H, van Dongen JJ. Analysis of Ig and T-cell receptor genes in 40 childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemias at diagnosis and subsequent relapse: Implications for the detection of minimal residual disease by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Blood 1994; 83: 2238-2247.
21. Steward CG, Goulden NJ, Katz F, Baines D, Martin PG, Langlands K, Potter MN, Chessells JM, Oakhill A. A polymerase chain reaction study of the stability of Ig heavy-chain and T-cell receptor delta gene rearrangements between presentation and relapse of childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 1994; 83: 1355-1362.
22. Brisco MJ, Sykes PJ, Hughes E, Dolman G, Neoh SH, Peng LM, Toogood I, Morley AA. Monitoring minimal residual disease in peripheral blood in B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 1997; 99: 314-319.
23. Wax A, Yang C, Backman V, Badizadegan K, Boone CW, Dasari RR, Feld MS. Cellular organization and substructure measured using angle-resolved low-coherence interferometry. Biophys J 2002; 82: 2256-2264.
24. Hunter M, Backman V, Popescu G, Kalashnikov M, Boone CW, Wax A, Gopal V, Badizadegan K, Stoner GD, Feld MS. Tissue self-affinity and polarized light scattering in the born approximation: A new model for precancer detection. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97: 138102.
25. Mujat C, Greiner C, Baldwin A, Levitt JM, Tian F, Stucenski LA, Hunter M, Kim YL, Backman V, Feld M, Munger K, Georgakoudi I. Endogenous optical biomarkers of normal and human papillomavirus immortalized epithelial cells. Int J Cancer 2008; 122: 363-371.
26. Hsaio A, Hunter M, Greiner C, Gupta S, Georgakoudi I. Non-invasive identification of subcellular organization and nuclear morphology features associated with leukemic cells using light scattering spectroscopy. J Biomed Opt 2011; 16: 037007.
27. Peters CE, Woodside SM, Eaves AC. Isolation of subsets of immune cells. Methods Mol Biol 2005; 302: 95-116.
28. Novak J, Georgakoudi I, Wei X, Prossin A, Lin CP. In vivo flow cytometer for real-time detection and quantification of circulating cells. Opt Lett 2004; 29: 77-79.
29. Boutrus S, Greiner C, Hwu D, Chan M, Kuperwasser C, Lin CP, Georgakoudi I. Portable two-color in vivo flow cytometer for real-time detection of fluorescently-labeled circulating cells. J Biomed Opt 2007; 12: 020507.
30. Davis JA, Inglis DW, Morton KJ, Lawrence DA, Huang LR, Chou SY, Sturm JC, Austin RH. Deterministic hydrodynamics: Taking blood apart. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 14779-14784.
31. Sethu P, Moldawer LL, Mindrinos MN, Scumpia PO, Tannahill CL, Wilhelmy J, Efron PA, Brownstein BH, Tompkins RG, Toner M. Microfluidic isolation of leukocytes from whole blood for phenotype and gene expression analysis. Anal Chem 2006; 78: 5453-5461.
32. Young B, Heath JW. Wheater's Functional Histology: A Text and Color at Last. London: Elsevier Science Limited; 2000.
33. Sethu P, Sin A, Toner M. Microfluidic diffusive filter for apheresis (leukapheresis). Lab Chip 2006; 6: 83-89.
34. De Angulo G, Yuen C, Palla SL, Anderson PM, Zweidler-McKay PA. Absolute lymphocyte count is a novel prognostic indicator in ALL and AML: Implications for risk stratification and future studies. Cancer 2008; 112: 407-415.
35. Ost V, Neukammer J, Rinneberg H. Flow cytometric differentiation of erythrocytes and leukocytes in dilute whole blood by light scattering. Cytometry 1998; 32: 191-197.
36. Hamburger AW, Dunn FE, White CP. Percoll density gradient separation of cells from human malignant effusions. Br J Cancer 1985; 51: 253-258.
37. Scheuring UJ, Pfeifer H, Wassmann B, Bruck P, Atta J, Petershofen EK, Gehrke B, Gschaidmeier H, Hoelzer D, Ottmann OG. Early minimal residual disease (MRD) analysis during treatment of Philadelphia chromosome/Bcr-Abl-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the Abl-tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (STI571). Blood 2003; 101: 85-90.
38. Sethu P, Anahtar M, Moldawer LL, Tompkins RG, Toner M. Continuous flow microfluidic device for rapid erythrocyte lysis. Anal Chem 2004; 76: 6247-6253.
39. Mika S, Ratsch G, Weston J, Scholkopf B, Mullers KR. Fisher discriminant analysis with kernels. Neural Networks for Signal Processing IX, 1999 Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE Signal Processing Society Workshop 1999: 41-48.
40. Stelzer GT, Shults KE, Loken MR. CD45 gating for routine flow cytometric analysis of human bone marrow specimens. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993; 677: 265-280.
41. Bjorklund E, Mazur J, Soderhall S, Porwit-MacDonald A. Flow cytometric follow-up of minimal residual disease in bone marrow gives prognostic information in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2003; 17: 138-148.
42. Nagrath S, Sequist LV, Maheswaran S, Bell DW, Irimia D, Ulkus L, Smith MR, Kwak EL, Digumarthy S, Muzikansky A, Ryan P, Balis UJ, Tompkins RG, Haber DA, Toner M. Isolation of rare circulating tumour cells in cancer patients by microchip technology. Nature 2007; 450: 1235-1239.
43. Mohamed H, Murray M, Turner JN, Caggana M. Isolation of tumor cells using size and deformation. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216: 8289-8295.