Series: "Hot topics in paediatric asthma": The breathless adolescent asthmatic athlete

European Respiratory Journal

Volumn 38, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 713-720

  Carlsen, K H ^a,b  

^a OSLO UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

Adolescence; Athletes; Bronchial hyperresponsiveness; Children; Exercise induced asthma; Treatment

Indexed keywords

AQUAPORIN; BETA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; CHLORINE; FORMOTEROL; IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE; MONTELUKAST; OZONE; SALBUTAMOL; SALMETEROL; STEROID; TERBUTALINE;

ADOLESCENT; ASTHMA; ATHLETE; BREATHING; BRONCHOSPASM; BRONCHUS HYPERREACTIVITY; CELL DAMAGE; CLINICAL FEATURE; COHORT ANALYSIS; COLD AIR; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DRUG CONTROL; DYSPNEA; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; EPITHELIUM CELL; EXERCISE; EXERCISE INDUCED ASTHMA; FITNESS; FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME; HEALTH CARE PLANNING; HEAT LOSS; HUMAN; HYPERVENTILATION; NERVE STIMULATION; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PNEUMONIA; POPULATION RESEARCH; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATORY TRACT MUCOSA; REVIEW; SPORT; VOCAL CORD DISORDER; WATER LOSS; CHILD; FEMALE; INFLAMMATION; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PULMONOLOGY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADOLESCENT; ADRENERGIC BETA-2 RECEPTOR AGONISTS; ASTHMA, EXERCISE-INDUCED; ATHLETES; CHILD; COHORT STUDIES; DYSPNEA; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; MALE; PULMONARY MEDICINE; RESPIRATION; RESPIRATORY MUCOSA; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 80053056966     PISSN: 09031936     EISSN: 13993003     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00068510     Document Type: Review

References (70)

1. Scheett TP, Nemet D, Stoppani J, et al. The effect of endurance-type exercise training on growth mediators and inflammatory cytokines in pre-pubertal and early pubertal males. Pediatr Res 2002; 52: 491-497.
2. Strunk RC, Mrazek DA, Fukuhara JT, et al. Cardiovascular fitness in children with asthma correlates with psychologic functioning of the child. Pediatrics 1989; 84: 460-464. (Pubitemid 19216343)
3. Bailey RC, Olson J, Pepper SL, et al. The level and tempo of children's physical activities: an observational study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1995; 27: 1033-1041.
4. Bacharier LB, Boner A, Carlsen KH, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of asthma in childhood: a PRACTALL consensus report. Allergy 2008; 63: 5-34. (Pubitemid 350198248)
5. Dahl R, Bjermer L. Nordic consensus report on asthma management. Nordic Asthma Consensus Group. Respir Med 2000; 94: 299-327. (Pubitemid 30323566)
6. British Thoracic Society, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. British guideline on the management of asthma. Thorax 2008; 63: iv1-iv121.
7. Carlsen KH, Anderson SD, Bjermer L, et al. Exercise-induced asthma, respiratory and allergic disorders in elite athletes: epidemiology, mechanisms and diagnosis: part I of the report from the Joint Task Force of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) in cooperation with GA2LEN. Allergy 2008; 63: 387-403. (Pubitemid 351341832)
8. Lee TH, Anderson SD. Heterogeneity of mechanisms in exercise-induced asthma. Thorax 1985; 40: 481-487.
9. Lodrup Carlsen KC, Haland G, Devulapalli CS, et al. Asthma in every fifth child in Oslo, Norway: a 10-year follow up of a birth cohort study. Allergy 2006; 61: 454-460. (Pubitemid 43334115)
10. Deal EC Jr, McFadden ER Jr, Ingram RH Jr, et al. Role of respiratory heat exchange in production of exercise-induced asthma. J Appl Physiol 1979; 46: 467-475.
11. McFadden ER Jr, Nelson JA, Skowronski ME, et al. Thermally induced asthma and airway drying. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160: 221-226. (Pubitemid 29326092)
12. Anderson SD, Daviskas E. The mechanism of exercise-induced asthma is... J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 106: 453-459.
13. Eveloff JL, Warnock DG. Activation of ion transport systems during cell volume regulation. Am J Physiol 1987; 252: F1-F10.
14. Chiang LC, Huang JL, Fu LS. Physical activity and physical self-concept: comparison between children with and without asthma. J Adv Nurs 2006; 54: 653-662.
15. Basaran S, Guler-Uysal F, Ergen N, et al. Effects of physical exercise on quality of life, exercise capacity and pulmonary function in children with asthma. J Rehabil Med 2006; 38: 130-135.
16. Ram FS, Robinson SM, Black PN. Effects of physical training in asthma: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med 2000; 34: 162-167. (Pubitemid 30333323)
17. Flapper BCT, Duiverman EJ, Gerritsen J, et al. Happiness to be gained in paediatric asthma care. Eur Respir J 2008; 32: 1555-1562.
18. Berntsen S, Carlsen KC, Anderssen SA, et al. Norwegian adolescents with asthma are physical active and fit. Allergy 2009; 64: 421-426.
19. Counil FP, Varray A, Matecki S, et al. Training of aerobic and anaerobic fitness in children with asthma. J Pediatr 2003; 142: 179-184. (Pubitemid 36232909)
20. Fanelli A, Cabral AL, Neder JA, et al. Exercise training on disease control and quality of life in asthmatic children. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007; 39: 1474-1480. (Pubitemid 47360967)
21. Moreira A, Delgado L, Haahtela T, et al. Physical training does not increase allergic inflammation in asthmatic children. Eur Respir J 2008; 32: 1570-1575.
22. Vahlkvist S, Pedersen S. Fitness, daily activity and body composition in children with newly diagnosed, untreated asthma. Allergy 2009; 64: 1649-1655.
23. Vahlkvist S, Inman MD, Pedersen S. Effect of asthma treatment on fitness, daily activity and body composition in children with asthma. Allergy 2010; 65: 1464-1471.
24. Heir T, Oseid S. Self-reported asthma and exercise-induced asthma symptoms in high-level competetive cross-country skiers. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1994; 4: 128-133.
25. Larsson K, Ohlsen P, Larsson L, et al. High prevalence of asthma in cross country skiers. BMJ 1993; 307: 1326-1329. (Pubitemid 23337750)
26. Helenius IJ, Rytila P, Metso T, et al. Respiratory symptoms, bronchial responsiveness, and cellular characteristics of induced sputum in elite swimmers. Allergy 1998; 53: 346-352. (Pubitemid 28168194)
27. Fitch KD. b2-agonists at the Olympic Games. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2006; 31: 259-268.
28. Stensrud T, Mykland KV, Gabrielsen K, et al. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness in skiers: field test versus methacholine provocation? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007; 39: 1681-1686. (Pubitemid 47511472)
29. Stadelmann K, Stensrud T, Carlsen KH. Respiratory symptoms and two measures of bronchial responsiveness in competitive swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43: 375-381.
30. Bernard A, Carbonnelle S, De Burbure C, et al. Chlorinated pool attendance, atopy, and the risk of asthma during childhood. Environ Health Perspect 2006; 114: 1567-1573. (Pubitemid 44509656)
31. Lagerkvist BJ, Bernard A, Blomberg A, et al. Pulmonary epithelial integrity in children: relationship to ambient ozone exposure and swimming pool attendance. Environ Health Perspect 2004; 112: 1768-1771. (Pubitemid 40017300)
32. Bougault V, Turmel J, St-Laurent J, et al. Asthma, airway inflammation, and epithelial damage in swimmers and cold-air athletes. Eur Respir J 2009; 33: 740-746.
33. Bougault V, Turmel J, Boulet LP. Bronchial challenges and respiratory symptoms in elite swimmers and winter sport athletes: airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma: its measurement and clinical significance. Chest 2010; 138: 31S-37S.
34. Bougault V, Turmel J, Boulet LP, et al. Airway hyperresponsiveness in elite swimmers: is it a transient phenomenon?J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 127: 892-898.
35. Carlsen KH, Oseid S, Odden H, et al. The response to heavy swimming exercise in children with and without bronchial asthma. In: Morehouse CA, ed. Children and Exercise XIII. Champaign, Human Kinetics Publishers Inc., 1989; pp. 351-360.
36. Sue-Chu M, Karjalainen EM, Altraja A, et al. Lymphoid aggregates in endobronchial biopsies from young elite cross-country skiers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158: 597-601. (Pubitemid 28378192)
37. Chimenti L, Morici G, Paterno A, et al. Endurance training damages small airway epithelium in mice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 175: 442-449. (Pubitemid 46354247)
38. Davis MS, McKiernan B, McCullough S, et al. Racing Alaskan sled dogs as a model of "ski asthma". Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166: 878-882.
39. Chimenti L, Morici G, Paterno A, et al. Bronchial epithelial damage after a half-marathon in nonasthmatic amateur runners. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2010; 298: L857-L862.
40. Park C, Stafford C, Lockette W. Exercise-induced asthma may be associated with diminished sweat secretion rates in humans. Chest 2008; 134: 552-558.
41. Nejsum LN, Kwon TH, Jensen UB, et al. Functional requirement of aquaporin-5 in plasma membranes of sweat glands. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002; 99: 511-516. (Pubitemid 34060392)
42. Filipe JA, Falcao-Reis F, Castro-Correia J, et al. Assessment of autonomic function in high level athletes by pupillometry. Auton Neurosci 2003; 104: 66-72. (Pubitemid 36143811)
43. Knopfli BH, Bar-Or O. Vagal activity and airway response to ipratropium bromide before and after exercise in ambient and cold conditions in healthy cross-country runners. Clin J Sport Med 1999; 9: 170-176.
44. Knopfli BH, Bar-Or O, Araujo CG. Effect of ipratropium bromide on EIB in children depends on vagal activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005; 37: 354-359. (Pubitemid 40354441)
45. Knopfli BH, Luke-Zeitoun M, Von Duvillard SP, et al. High incidence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in triathletes of the Swiss national team. Br J Sports Med 2007; 41: 486-491. (Pubitemid 47216956)
46. Moreira A, Delgado L, Palmares C, et al. Competitive swimmers with allergic asthma show a mixed type of airway inflammation. Eur Respir J 2008; 31: 1139-1141.
47. Rundell KW. High levels of airborne ultrafine and fine particulate matter in indoor ice arenas. Inhal Toxicol 2003; 15: 237-250. (Pubitemid 36389115)
48. Lumme A, Haahtela T, Öunap J, et al. Airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and asthma in elite ice hockey players. Eur Respir J 2003; 22: 113-117. (Pubitemid 36896480)
49. Mannix ET, Farber MO, Palange P, et al. Exercise-induced asthma in figure skaters. Chest 1996; 109: 312-315. (Pubitemid 26058581)
50. McConnell R, Berhane K, Gilliland F, et al. Asthma in exercising children exposed to ozone: a cohort study. Lancet 2002; 359: 386-391. (Pubitemid 34158945)
51. Becker JM, Rogers J, Rossini G, et al. Asthma deaths during sports: report of a 7-year experience. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004; 113: 264-267. (Pubitemid 38210548)
52. Carlsen KH, Engh G, Mork M et al. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction depends on exercise load. Respir Med 2000; 94: 750-755. (Pubitemid 30628235)
53. Stensrud T, Berntsen S, Carlsen KH. Humidity influences exercise capacity in subjects with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Respir Med 2006; 100: 1633-1641. (Pubitemid 44089351)
54. Anderton RC, Cuff MT, Frith PA, et al. Bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine and exercise. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1979; 63: 315-320. (Pubitemid 10218812)
55. Cockcroft DW, Davis BE, Todd DC, et al. Methacholine challenge: comparison of two methods. Chest 2005; 127: 839-844. (Pubitemid 40775513)
56. Rundell KW, Anderson SD, Spiering BA, et al. Field exercise vs laboratory eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation to identify airway hyperresponsiveness in elite cold weather athletes. Chest 2004; 125: 909-915. (Pubitemid 38367281)
57. Rosenthal RR. Simplified eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation challenge. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1984; 73: 676-679. (Pubitemid 14102156)
58. Anderson SD, Charlton B, Weiler JM, et al. Comparison of mannitol and methacholine to predict exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and a clinical diagnosis of asthma. Respir Res 2009; 10: 4.
59. Refsum HE, Foñstelien E, Oseid S, et al. Exercise-associated ventilatory insufficiency in adolescent athletes. In: Oseid S, Edwards AM, eds. The Asthmatic Child in Play and Sports. London, Pitmann Books Ltd, 1983; pp. 128-139.
60. McFadden ER Jr, Zawadski DK. Vocal cord dysfunction masquerading as exercise-induced asthma. A physiologic cause for "choking" during athletic activities. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 153: 942-947.
61. Landwehr LP, Wood RP 2nd, Blager FB, et al. Vocal cord dysfunction mimicking exercise-induced bronchospasm in adolescents. Pediatrics 1996; 98: 971-974. (Pubitemid 26398788)
62. Elshami AA, Tino G. Coexistent asthma and functional upper airway obstruction. Case reports and review of the literature. Chest 1996; 110: 1358-1361. (Pubitemid 26380500)
63. Kenn K, Balkisson R. Vocal cord dysfunction: what do we know? Eur Respir J 2011; 37: 194-200.
64. Heimdal JH, Roksund OD, Halvorsen T, et al. Continuous laryngoscopy exercise test: a method for visualizing laryngeal dysfunction during exercise. Laryngoscope 2006; 116: 52-57. (Pubitemid 44383961)
65. Roksund OD, Maat RC, Heimdal JH, et al. Exercise induced dyspnea in the young. Larynx as the bottleneck of the airways. Respir Med 2009; 103: 1911-1918.
66. Maat RC, Roksund OD, Olofsson J, et al. Surgical treatment of exercise-induced laryngeal dysfunction. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2007; 264: 401-407. (Pubitemid 46354910)
67. Hammo AH, Weinberger MM. Exercise-induced hyperventilation: a pseudoasthma syndrome. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1999; 82: 574-578. (Pubitemid 29288087)
68. Powers SK, Martin D, Cicale M, et al. Exercise-induced hypoxemia in athletes: role of inadequate hyperventilation. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1992; 65: 37-42.
69. Adir Y, Shupak A, Gil A, et al. Swimming-induced pulmonary edema: clinical presentation and serial lung function. Chest 2004; 126: 394-399. (Pubitemid 39093422)
70. Johnson BD, Weisman IM, Zeballos RJ, et al. Emerging concepts in the evaluation of ventilatory limitation during exercise: the exercise tidal flow-volume loop. Chest 1999; 116: 488-503. (Pubitemid 29382137)