Vitamin D: Popular cardiovascular supplement but benefit must be evaluated

International Journal of Angiology

Volumn 20, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 63-71

  Whayne, Thomas F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular risk; coronary heart disease; low density lipoproteins; peripheral vascular disease; vitamin D

Indexed keywords

25 HYDROXYVITAMIN D; CALCIUM CARBONATE; COLECALCIFEROL; ERGOCALCIFEROL; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; PLACEBO; VITAMIN D; VITAMIN D RECEPTOR;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; BONE INJURY; CALCIUM METABOLISM; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CELL LEVEL; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG ACTIVITY; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG OVERDOSE; DRUG SAFETY; FOOD COMPOSITION; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HUMAN; HYPERCALCEMIA; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LIPOPROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; MAINTENANCE THERAPY; MEMBRANE STABILIZATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE; POSTMENOPAUSE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPHYLAXIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; RECOMMENDED DRUG DOSE; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; RISK REDUCTION; SEASONAL VARIATION; SUN EXPOSURE; TREATMENT DURATION; ULTRAVIOLET B RADIATION; VITAMIN BLOOD LEVEL; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY; VITAMIN D INTOXICATION; VITAMIN INTAKE; VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION;

EID: 80052983224     PISSN: 10611711     EISSN: 16155939     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1279679     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med 2007; 357:266-281
2. Koutkia P, Chen TC, Holick MF. Vitamin D intoxication associated with an over-the-counter supplement. N Engl J Med 2001;345:66-67 (Pubitemid 32634279)
3. DeLuca HF. Overview of general physiologic features and functions of vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80(6, Suppl): 1689S-1696S
4. Zittermann A. Vitamin D and disease prevention with special reference to cardiovascular disease. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2006;92:39-48 (Pubitemid 43831966)
5. Wang TJ, Pencina MJ, Booth SL, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and risk of cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2008;117: 503-511
6. Zehnder D, Bland R, Chana RS, et al. Synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) by human endothelial cells is regulated by inflammatory cytokines: a novel autocrine determinant of vascular cell adhesion. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002;13:621-629 (Pubitemid 34183926)
7. Rhein HM. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread in Scotland. BMJ 2008;336:1451 (Pubitemid 351977003)
8. Pietras SM, Obayan BK, Cai MH, Holick MF. Vitamin D2 treatment for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency for up to 6 years. Arch Intern Med 2009;169:1806-1808
9. Ginde AA, Liu MC, Camargo CA Jr. Demographic differences and trends of vitamin D insufficiency in the US population, 1988-2004. Arch Intern Med 2009;169:626-632
10. Lips P, Hosking D, Lippuner K, et al. The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy amongst women with osteoporosis: an international epidemiological investigation. J Intern Med 2006;260:245-254 (Pubitemid 44253638)
11. McKenna MJ. Differences in vitamin D status between countries in young adults and the elderly. Am J Med 1992; 93:69-77
12. Dawson-Hughes B, Heaney RP, Holick MF, Lips P, Meunier PJ, Vieth R. Estimates of optimal vitamin D status. Osteoporos Int 2005;16:713-716 (Pubitemid 40933586)
13. Witham MD. Vitamin D deficiency: more evidence is needed before general supplementation. BMJ 2008;336:1451 (Pubitemid 351977002)
14. Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud LL, Simonetti RG, Gluud C. Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;(2):CD007176
15. Heikkinen AM, Tuppurainen MT, Niskanen L, Komulainen M, Penttilä I, Saarikoski S. Long-term vitamin D3 supplementation may have adverse effects on serum lipids during postmenopausal, hormone replacement therapy. Eur J Endocrinol 1997;137:495-502 (Pubitemid 27505309)
16. Rajpathak SN, Xue X, Wassertheil-Smoller S, et al. Effect of 5 y of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on change in circulating lipids: results from the Women's Health Initiative. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;91:894-899
17. Food and Nutrition Board. Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1997
18. Hathcock JN, Shao A, Vieth R, Heaney R. Risk assessment for vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85:6-18 (Pubitemid 46067609)
19. Vieth R. Vitamin D supplementation, 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, and safety. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:842-856 (Pubitemid 29205056)
20. Holick MF. Environmental factors that influence the cutaneous production of vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61(3, Suppl):638S-645S
21. Bogh MKB, Schmedes AV, Philipsen PA, Thieden E, Wulf HC. Vitamin D production after UVB exposure depends on baseline vitamin D and total cholesterol but not on skin pigmentation. J Invest Dermatol 2010;130:546-553
22. Mascitelli L, Goldstein MR, Grant WB. Does vitamin D have a role in reducing the risk of peripheral artery disease? Mayo Clin Proc 2010;85:1058-1059; author reply 1059-1060
23. Norman PE, Powell JT. Vitamin D, shedding light on the development of disease in peripheral arteries. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005;25:39-46 (Pubitemid 40054252)
24. Jono S, Nishizawa Y, Shioi A, Morii H. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 increases in vitro vascular calcification by modulating secretion of endogenous parathyroid hormonerelated peptide. Circulation 1998;98:1302-1306 (Pubitemid 28443394)
25. Lind L, Hänni A, Lithell H, Hvarfner A, Sörensen OH, Ljunghall S. Vitamin D is related to blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged men. Am J Hypertens 1995;8:894-901
26. Scragg R, Jackson R, Holdaway IM, Lim T, Beaglehole R. Myocardial infarction is inversely associated with plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels: a community-based study. Int J Epidemiol 1990;19:559-563 (Pubitemid 20331800)
27. Poole KE, Loveridge N, Barker PJ, et al. Reduced vitamin D in acute stroke. Stroke 2006;37:243-245 (Pubitemid 43732081)
28. Lee JH, O'Keefe JH, Bell D, Hensrud DD, Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency an important, common, and easily treatable cardiovascular risk factor? J Am Coll Cardiol 2008;52:1949-1956
29. Melamed ML, Muntner P, Michos ED, et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease: results from NHANES 2001 to 2004. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008;28:1179-1185
30. Martins D, Wolf M, Pan D, et al. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the United States: data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Arch Intern Med 2007;167:1159-1165 (Pubitemid 46919818)
31. Riachy R, Vandewalle B, Moerman E, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 protects human pancreatic islets against cytokine-induced apoptosis via down-regulation of the Fas receptor. Apoptosis 2006;11:151-159 (Pubitemid 43291016)
32. Pittas AG, Chung M, Trikalinos T, et al. Systematic review: vitamin D and cardiometabolic outcomes. Ann Intern Med 2010;152:307-314
33. Nemerovski CW, Dorsch MP, Simpson RU, Bone HG, Aaronson KD, Bleske BE. Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease. Pharmacotherapy 2009;29:691-708
34. Li YC. Vitamin D regulation of the renin-angiotensin system. J Cell Biochem 2003;88:327-331 (Pubitemid 36119906)
35. Autier P, Gandini S. Vitamin D supplementation and total mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 2007;167:1730-1737 (Pubitemid 47403059)
36. Sukhija R, Aronow WS, Yalamanchili K, Peterson SJ, Frishman WH, Babu S. Association of ankle-brachial index with severity of angiographic coronary artery disease in patients with peripheral arterial disease and coronary artery disease. Cardiology 2005;103:158-160 (Pubitemid 41094865)
37. Maksimovic M, Vlajinac H, Radak D, Marinkovic J, Jorga J. Relationship between peripheral arterial disease and metabolic syndrome. Angiology 2009;60:546-553
38. Alexander CM, Landsman PB, Teutsch SM, Haffner SM; Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III); National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). NCEP-defined metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and prevalence of coronary heart disease among NHANES III participants age 50 years and older. Diabetes 2003;52:1210-1214 (Pubitemid 36523358)
39. Sugden JA, Davies JI, Witham MD, Morris AD, Struthers AD. Vitamin D improves endothelial function in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and low vitamin D levels. Diabet Med 2008;25:320-325 (Pubitemid 351322698)
40. Pfeifer M, Begerow B, Minne HW, Nachtigall D, Hansen C. Effects of a short-term vitamin D(3) and calcium supplementation on blood pressure and parathyroid hormone levels in elderly women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:1633-1637 (Pubitemid 32377290)
41. Schleithoff SS, Zittermann A, Tenderich G, Berthold HK, Stehle P, Koerfer R. Vitamin D supplementation improves cytokine profiles in patients with congestive heart failure: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;83:754-759 (Pubitemid 44713136)
42. Ahmed W, Khan N, Glueck CJ, et al. Low serum 25 (OH) vitamin D levels (<32 ng/mL) are associated with reversible myositis-myalgia in statin-treated patients. Transl Res 2009; 153:11-16
43. Oh J, Weng S, Felton SK, et al. 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D inhibits foam cell formation and suppresses macrophage cholesterol uptake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation 2009;120:687-698
44. Hsia J, Heiss G, Ren H, et al; Women's Health Initiative Investigators. Calcium/vitamin D supplementation and cardiovascular events. Circulation 2007;115:846-854 (Pubitemid 46294725)
45. Aloia JF, Patel M, Dimaano R, et al. Vitamin D intake to attain a desired serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87:1952-1958 (Pubitemid 351872664)
46. The Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial (VITAL). Available at: http://www.vitalstudy.org/. Accessed March 22, 2010