Soft sensor for ammonia concentration at the ammonia converter outlet based on an improved particle swarm optimization and BP neural network

Chemical Engineering Research and Design

Volumn 89, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 2102-2109

  Xu, Wei ^a   Zhang, Lingbo ^a   Gu, Xingsheng ^a  

^a EAST CHINA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (China)

Author keywords

Ammonia concentration; Ammonia synthesis; Particle swarm optimization; Soft sensor

Indexed keywords

ADVANCED CONTROL; AMMONIA CONCENTRATIONS; AMMONIA SYNTHESIS; BP NEURAL NETWORKS; FERTILIZER PLANT; GENERALIZATION CAPABILITY; HIGH PRECISION; IMPROVED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION; KEY PROCESS; MODELING METHOD; ON-LINE SENSOR; OPERATIONAL OPTIMIZATION; PARTICLE SWARM; SOFT SENSORS; SOFT-SENSING MODEL;

CHEMICAL INDUSTRY; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); KINETIC THEORY; NEURAL NETWORKS; PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION (PSO); REACTIVE POWER; SENSORS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

AMMONIA;

EID: 80052803457     PISSN: 02638762     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2010.12.015     Document Type: Article

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