메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 39, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 5871-5882

Battery sizing for serial plug-in hybrid electric vehicles: A model-based economic analysis for Germany

Author keywords

E mobility; PHEV; Total cost of ownership

Indexed keywords

ANNUAL COST; BATTERY CAPACITY; BATTERY COST; BATTERY SIZE; BREAK-EVEN POINT; E-MOBILITY; ELECTRIC MOBILITY; ELECTRICITY TARIFF; GERMANY; LITHIUM-ION BATTERY; PHEV; PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE; PURCHASE PRICE; TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP; VEHICLE TYPES;

EID: 80052761839     PISSN: 03014215     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.06.038     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (39)

References (49)
  • 1
    • 80052750379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACEA, Overview of tax incentives for electric vehicles in the EU. Available from: (accessed 29.05.2011).
    • ACEA, 2011. Overview of tax incentives for electric vehicles in the EU. Available from: (accessed 29.05.2011). http://www.acea.be/images/uploads/files/20110330_EV_tax_overview.pdf.
    • (2011)
  • 2
    • 72649084179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of service station networks on purchase decisions of alternative-fuel vehicles
    • ZEW Discussion Paper no. 08-088, Mannheim, Germany.
    • Achtnicht, M., Bühler, G., Hermeling, C., 2008. Impact of service station networks on purchase decisions of alternative-fuel vehicles. ZEW Discussion Paper no. 08-088, Centre for Economic Studies, Mannheim, Germany.
    • (2008) Centre for Economic Studies
    • Achtnicht, M.1    Bühler, G.2    Hermeling, C.3
  • 3
    • 80052714346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AEA, Assessment with Respect to Long Term CO2 Emission Targets for Passenger Cars and Vans. Deliverable D2 of the Framework Contract no. ENV/C.5/FRA/2006/0071. European Commission, Brussels.
    • AEA, 2009. Assessment with Respect to Long Term CO2 Emission Targets for Passenger Cars and Vans. Deliverable D2 of the Framework Contract no. ENV/C.5/FRA/2006/0071. European Commission, Brussels.
    • (2009)
  • 4
    • 0346025802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driving Statistics for the Assessment of Pollutant Emissions from Road Transport
    • Report LTE 9906, Bron, France.
    • André, M., Hammerström, U., Reynaud, I., 1999. Driving Statistics for the Assessment of Pollutant Emissions from Road Transport, INRETS Report LTE 9906, Bron, France.
    • (1999) INRETS
    • André, M.1    Hammerström, U.2    Reynaud, I.3
  • 5
    • 80052754833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BCG-The Boston Consulting Group, Batteries for Electric Cars. Challanges, Opportunities, and the Outlook to 2020. BCG Focus, January 2010.
    • BCG-The Boston Consulting Group, 2010. Batteries for Electric Cars. Challanges, Opportunities, and the Outlook to 2020. BCG Focus, January 2010.
    • (2010)
  • 6
    • 80052756320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BDEW, Brutto-Stromerzeugung 2009 nach Energieträgern in Deutschland. Available from: (accessed 15.09.2010)
    • BDEW, 2010. Brutto-Stromerzeugung 2009 nach Energieträgern in Deutschland. Available from: (accessed 15.09.2010). http://www.bdew.de/bdew.nsf/id/DE_Brutto-Stromerzeugung_2007_nach_Energie-traegern_in_Deutschland?open&l=DE&ccm=450040020.
    • (2010)
  • 8
    • 80052710555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BMF-Bundesministerium der Finanzen, Die Kraftfahrzeugsteuer für PKW im Überblick, Berlin.
    • BMF-Bundesministerium der Finanzen, 2009. Die Kraftfahrzeugsteuer für PKW im Überblick, Berlin.
    • (2009)
  • 9
    • 80052759172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BMU-Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit, "Leitstudie 2008". Weiterentwicklung der "Ausbaustrategie Erneuerbare Energien" vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Klimaschutzziele Deutschlands und Europas. Untersuchung im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit.
    • BMU-Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit, 2008. "Leitstudie 2008". Weiterentwicklung der "Ausbaustrategie Erneuerbare Energien" vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Klimaschutzziele Deutschlands und Europas. Untersuchung im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit.
    • (2008)
  • 10
    • 80052700046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BMVBS-Bundesministeriums für Verkehr-, Bau- und Stadtentwicklung, Mobilität in Deutschland 2002. Study by infas and DIW, Bonn, Berlin.
    • BMVBS-Bundesministeriums für Verkehr-, Bau- und Stadtentwicklung, 2004. Mobilität in Deutschland 2002. Study by infas and DIW, Bonn, Berlin.
    • (2004)
  • 11
    • 80052772092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BMVBS-Bundesministeriums für Verkehr-, Bau- und Stadtentwicklung, Mobilität in Deutschland 2008. Study by infas and DLR, Bonn, Berlin.
    • BMVBS-Bundesministeriums für Verkehr-, Bau- und Stadtentwicklung, 2010. Mobilität in Deutschland 2008. Study by infas and DLR, Bonn, Berlin.
    • (2010)
  • 12
    • 80052751813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BMWi-Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, Entwicklung von Energiepreisen und Preisindizes. Available from: (accessed 07.08.2009).
    • BMWi-Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, 2009. Entwicklung von Energiepreisen und Preisindizes. Available from: (accessed 07.08.2009). http://www.bmwi.de/BMWi/Navigation/Energie/energiestatistiken,did=180914.html.
    • (2009)
  • 13
    • 80052747141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BMWi-Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, Entwicklung von Energiepreisen und Preisindizes. Available from: (accessed 30.05.2011).
    • BMWi-Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, 2011. Entwicklung von Energiepreisen und Preisindizes. Available from: (accessed 30.05.2011). http://www.bmwi.de/BMWi/Navigation/Energie/Statistik-und-Prognosen/Energiedaten/energiepreise-energiekosten.html.
    • (2011)
  • 15
    • 80052737511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continental, Internationale Hybrid- und Elektro-Studie
    • Deutschland 2008/2009.
    • Continental, 2009. Internationale Hybrid- und Elektro-Studie. Auszug Ergebnisse, Deutschland 2008/2009.
    • (2009) Auszug Ergebnisse
  • 16
    • 80052770614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DAT, DAT-Report 2009. Insert of Autohaus 7/2009.
    • DAT, 2009. DAT-Report 2009. Insert of Autohaus 7/2009.
    • (2009)
  • 17
    • 80052735563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DAT, DAT-Report 2010. Insert of Autohaus 9/2010.
    • DAT, 2010. DAT-Report 2010. Insert of Autohaus 9/2010.
    • (2010)
  • 18
    • 80052701764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dena, Repräsentativbefragung - Umfrage zum Thema "Autokauf". Ergebnispräsentation 29.03.2010.
    • Dena, 2010. Repräsentativbefragung - Umfrage zum Thema "Autokauf". Ergebnispräsentation 29.03.2010.
    • (2010)
  • 20
    • 80052722695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deutsche Bundesbank, EWU-Zinsstatistik (Bestände, Neugeschäft), Available from: (accessed 07.08.2009).
    • Deutsche Bundesbank, 2009. EWU-Zinsstatistik (Bestände, Neugeschäft), Available from: (accessed 07.08.2009). http://www.bundesbank.de/statistik/statistik_zinsen_tabellen.php.
    • (2009)
  • 23
    • 80052704638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EU, European Energy and Transport: Trends to 2030-Update 2007. European Commission. Directorate General for Energy and Transport, Brussels.
    • EU, 2007. European Energy and Transport: Trends to 2030-Update 2007. European Commission. Directorate General for Energy and Transport, Brussels.
    • (2007)
  • 24
    • 80052708445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EU, Setting emission performance standards for new passenger cars as part of the Community's integrated approach to reduce CO2 emissions from light-duty vehicles, Regulation (EC) no. 443/2009, European Parliament and Council, Brussels.
    • EU, 2009. Setting emission performance standards for new passenger cars as part of the Community's integrated approach to reduce CO2 emissions from light-duty vehicles, Regulation (EC) no. 443/2009, European Parliament and Council, Brussels.
    • (2009)
  • 25
    • 80052755811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EWI, EEFA, Studie Energiewirtschaftliches Gesamtkonzept 2030, Köln.
    • EWI, EEFA, 2008. Studie Energiewirtschaftliches Gesamtkonzept 2030, Köln.
    • (2008)
  • 26
    • 29244444996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of Vehicle Air-Conditioning on Fuel Economy, Tailpipe Emissions, and Electric Vehicle Range
    • Conference Paper Preprint NREL/CP-540-28960.
    • Farrington, R., Rugh, J., 2000. Impact of Vehicle Air-Conditioning on Fuel Economy, Tailpipe Emissions, and Electric Vehicle Range. Conference Paper Preprint NREL/CP-540-28960.
    • (2000)
    • Farrington, R.1    Rugh, J.2
  • 27
    • 0012393423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing the Benefits and Impacts of Hybrid Electric Vehicle Options
    • Final Report, July 2001, EPRI, Palo Alto, USA.
    • Graham, R., 2001. Comparing the Benefits and Impacts of Hybrid Electric Vehicle Options. Final Report, July 2001, EPRI, Palo Alto, USA.
    • (2001)
    • Graham, R.1
  • 28
    • 80052736496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plug-in Hybridfahrzeuge: Wirtschaftlichkeit und Marktchancen verschiedener Geschäftsmodelle
    • Hackbarth A., Schürmann G., Madlener R. Plug-in Hybridfahrzeuge: Wirtschaftlichkeit und Marktchancen verschiedener Geschäftsmodelle. Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen 2009, 59(7):60-63.
    • (2009) Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen , vol.59 , Issue.7 , pp. 60-63
    • Hackbarth, A.1    Schürmann, G.2    Madlener, R.3
  • 29
    • 80052771091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Well-to-Wheels analysis of future automotive fuels and powertrains in the European context, TANK-TO-WHEELS Report Version 3. Available from: (accessed 22.07.2009).
    • IES-Institute for Environment and Sustainability, 2008. Well-to-Wheels analysis of future automotive fuels and powertrains in the European context, TANK-TO-WHEELS Report Version 3. Available from: (accessed 22.07.2009). http://ies.jrc.ec.europa.eu/uploads/media/V3.1%20TTW%20App%201%2007102008.pdf.
    • (2008) IES-Institute for Environment and Sustainability
  • 30
    • 18844449403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vehicle-to-grid power fundamentals: calculating capacity and net revenues
    • Kempton W., Tomic J. Vehicle-to-grid power fundamentals: calculating capacity and net revenues. Journal of Power Sources 2005, 144(1):268-279.
    • (2005) Journal of Power Sources , vol.144 , Issue.1 , pp. 268-279
    • Kempton, W.1    Tomic, J.2
  • 31
    • 18844440199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vehicle-to-grid power implementation: from stabilizing the grid to supporting large-scale renewable energy
    • Kempton W., Tomic J. Vehicle-to-grid power implementation: from stabilizing the grid to supporting large-scale renewable energy. Journal of Power Sources 2005, 144(1):280-294.
    • (2005) Journal of Power Sources , vol.144 , Issue.1 , pp. 280-294
    • Kempton, W.1    Tomic, J.2
  • 32
    • 80052739938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Charging Regimes on Power Generation Costs and Emissions in Germany, FCN Working Paper no. 20/2010, Institute for Future Energy Consumer Needs and Behavior, RWTH Aachen University, November.
    • Mazur, C., Madlener, R., 2010. Impact of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Charging Regimes on Power Generation Costs and Emissions in Germany, FCN Working Paper no. 20/2010, Institute for Future Energy Consumer Needs and Behavior, RWTH Aachen University, November.
    • (2010)
    • Mazur, C.1    Madlener, R.2
  • 33
    • 80052745261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metric Mind Corporation, Current USD price list-Updated: June 25, 2009. Available from: (accessed 22.07.2009).
    • Metric Mind Corporation, 2009. Current USD price list-Updated: June 25, 2009. Available from: (accessed 22.07.2009). http://www.metricmind.com/prices.htm.
    • (2009)
  • 34
    • 80052752782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Öko-Institut, Globales Emissions-Modell Integrierter Systeme (GEMIS)-Version 4.5, Freiburg.
    • Öko-Institut, 2009. Globales Emissions-Modell Integrierter Systeme (GEMIS)-Version 4.5, Freiburg.
    • (2009)
  • 35
    • 80052766683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognos, EWI, Energieszenarien für den Energiegipfel 2007. Studie im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Technologie, Basel/Köln 1, November 2007.
    • Prognos, EWI, 2007. Energieszenarien für den Energiegipfel 2007. Studie im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Technologie, Basel/Köln 1, November 2007.
    • (2007)
  • 36
    • 65549087164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of battery weight and charging patterns on the economic and environmental benefits of plug-in hybrid vehicles
    • Shiau C.-S.N., Samaras C., Hauffe R., Michalek J.J. Impact of battery weight and charging patterns on the economic and environmental benefits of plug-in hybrid vehicles. Energy Policy 2009, 37(7):2653-2663.
    • (2009) Energy Policy , vol.37 , Issue.7 , pp. 2653-2663
    • Shiau, C.-S.N.1    Samaras, C.2    Hauffe, R.3    Michalek, J.J.4
  • 37
    • 65649135193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of energy consumption, emissions and cost of plug-in hybrid vehicles
    • Silva C., Ross M., Farias T. Evaluation of energy consumption, emissions and cost of plug-in hybrid vehicles. Energy Conversion and Management 2009, 50(7):1635-1643.
    • (2009) Energy Conversion and Management , vol.50 , Issue.7 , pp. 1635-1643
    • Silva, C.1    Ross, M.2    Farias, T.3
  • 38
    • 57849169069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-Benefit Analysis of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Technology
    • Conference Paper NREL/CP-540-40485.
    • Simpson, A., 2006. Cost-Benefit Analysis of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Technology. Conference Paper NREL/CP-540-40485.
    • (2006)
    • Simpson, A.1
  • 39
    • 77957309348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost and emissions impacts of plug-in hybrid vehicles on the Ohio power system
    • Sioshansi R., Fagiani R., Marano V. Cost and emissions impacts of plug-in hybrid vehicles on the Ohio power system. Energy Policy 2010, 38(11):6703-6712.
    • (2010) Energy Policy , vol.38 , Issue.11 , pp. 6703-6712
    • Sioshansi, R.1    Fagiani, R.2    Marano, V.3
  • 40
    • 59249101002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond batteries: an examination of the benefits and barriers to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) transition
    • Sovacool B.K., Hirsh R.F. Beyond batteries: an examination of the benefits and barriers to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) transition. Energy Policy 2009, 37(3):1095-1103.
    • (2009) Energy Policy , vol.37 , Issue.3 , pp. 1095-1103
    • Sovacool, B.K.1    Hirsh, R.F.2
  • 42
    • 80052755296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UBA - Umweltbundesamt, Nationale Trendtabellen für die deutsche Berichterstattung atmosphärischer Emissionen 1990-2008. Fassung zur EU-Submission 15.01.2010, Dessau.
    • UBA - Umweltbundesamt, 2010. Nationale Trendtabellen für die deutsche Berichterstattung atmosphärischer Emissionen 1990-2008. Fassung zur EU-Submission 15.01.2010, Dessau.
    • (2010)
  • 43
    • 80052778986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UBA-Umweltbundesamt, Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix 1990-2009 und erste Schätzung 2010 im Vergleich zum Stromverbrauch. Available from: (accessed 04.06.2011).
    • UBA-Umweltbundesamt, 2011. Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix 1990-2009 und erste Schätzung 2010 im Vergleich zum Stromverbrauch. Available from: (accessed 04.06.2011). http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/energie/archiv/co2-strommix.pdf.
    • (2011)
  • 44
    • 77953229189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Techno-economic comparison of series hybrid, plug-in hybrid, fuel cell and regular cars
    • Van Vliet O.P.R., Kruithof T., Turkenburg W.C., Faaij A.P.C. Techno-economic comparison of series hybrid, plug-in hybrid, fuel cell and regular cars. Journal of Power Sources 2010, 195(19):6570-6585.
    • (2010) Journal of Power Sources , vol.195 , Issue.19 , pp. 6570-6585
    • Van Vliet, O.P.R.1    Kruithof, T.2    Turkenburg, W.C.3    Faaij, A.P.C.4
  • 45
    • 80052704141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volkswagen, Spare parts and service data, 4Q. Personal communication by C.-S. Ernst.
    • Volkswagen, 2009. Spare parts and service data, 4Q. Personal communication by C.-S. Ernst.
    • (2009)
  • 48
    • 65549150094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Batteries: lower costs than gasoline?
    • Werber M., Fischer M., Schwartz P.V. Batteries: lower costs than gasoline?. Energy Policy 2009, 37(7):2465-2468.
    • (2009) Energy Policy , vol.37 , Issue.7 , pp. 2465-2468
    • Werber, M.1    Fischer, M.2    Schwartz, P.V.3
  • 49
    • 80052769621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognose der Kraftstoffpreisentwicklung und ihrer Auswirkungen auf die Nachfrage nach Bahntransportleistungen in Österreich
    • Weyerstrass K., Jaenicke J. Prognose der Kraftstoffpreisentwicklung und ihrer Auswirkungen auf die Nachfrage nach Bahntransportleistungen in Österreich. Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft 2009, 33(4):294-305.
    • (2009) Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft , vol.33 , Issue.4 , pp. 294-305
    • Weyerstrass, K.1    Jaenicke, J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.