Emblica officinalis geart.: A comprehensive review on phytochemistry, pharmacology and ethnomedicinal uses

Research Journal of Medicinal Plant

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 6-16

  Patel, S S ^a   Goyal, R K ^b  

^a NIRMA UNIVERSITY   (India)

^b M S UNIVERSITY OF BARODA   (India)

Author keywords

Emblica officinalis; Gallic acid; Pharmacology; Photochemistry; Tannin

Indexed keywords

APHRODISIAC AGENT; EMBELICANIN A; EMBELICANIN B; EMBLICA OFFICINALIS EXTRACT; GALLIC ACID; HERBACEOUS AGENT; MEBENDAZOLE; PEDUNCULAGIN; PUNIGLUCONIN; TANNIN; TANNIN DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ACUTE DISEASE; ADAPTOGENIC ACTICITY; ANALGESIC ACTIVITY; ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY; ANTIDIARRHEAL ACTIVITY; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITY; ANTITUSSIVE ACTIVITY; ANTIULCEROGENIC ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CATARACT; CONSTIPATION; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIARRHEA; DRUG ACTIVITY; DRUG DETERMINATION; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG SCREENING; DRUG STRUCTURE; EMBLICA OFFICINALIS; ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY; FEVER; FRUIT; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEADACHE; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HEART PROTECTION; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTHERMIA; HYPERTHYROIDISM; IMMUNOMODULATING ACTIVITY; LIPID PEROXIDATION; LIVER INJURY; LIVER PROTECTION; MITOSIS INHIBITION; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; NAUSEA AND VOMITING; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PHYTOCHEMISTRY; PRURITUS; REPERFUSION INJURY; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASE; STOMACH PROTECTION; STOMACH ULCER; TRADITIONAL MEDICINE; VAGINAL BURNING SENSATION;

PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA;

EID: 80052758916     PISSN: 18193455     EISSN: 21517924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3923/rjmp.2012.6.16     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Achliya, G.S., S.G. Wadodkar and A.K. Dorle, 2004. Evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of Amalkadi Ghrita against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in rats. J. Ethnopharmacol., 90: 229-232.
2. Ahmad, I., Z. Mehmood and F. Mohammad, 1998. Screening of some Indian medicinal plants for their antimicrobial properties. J. Ethnopharmacol., 62: 183-193.
3. Al-Rehaily, A.J, T.A. Al-Howrrmy, M.O. Al-Sohaibam and S. Rafatullah, 2002. Gastroprotective effect of Amla Emblica officinalis on in vivo models in rats. Phytomedicine, 9: 515-522.
4. Anila, L. and N.R. Vijayalakshmi, 2002. Flavonoids from Emblica officinalis and Mangifera mc/ica-effectiveness for dyslipidemia. J. Ethnopharmacol., 79: 81-87.
5. Barthakur, N.N. and N.P. Arnold, 1991. Chemical analysis of the emblic (Phyllanthus emblicah.) and its potential as a food source. J. Ethnopharmacol., 47: 99-105.
6. Bhattacharya, A., A. Chatterjee, S. Ghosaxzl and S.K. Bhattacharya, 2000. Antioxidant activity of active tannoid principles of Emblica officinalis (amla) in chronic stress induced changes in rat brain. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 38: 877-880.
7. Bhattacharya, S.K., A. Bhattacharya, K. Sairam and S. Ghosa, 2002. Effect of bioactive tannoid principles of Emblica officinalis on ischemia-reperfusion-induced oxidative stress in rat heart. Phytomedicine, 9: 171-174.
8. Cooper, E.L., 2004. Complementary and alternative medicine when rigorous can be science. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med., 1: 1-4.
9. Ganju, L., D. Karan, S. Chanda, K.K. Srivastava, R.C. Sawhney and W. Selvamurthy, 2003. Immunomodulatory effects of agents of plant origin. Biomed. Pharmacother., 57: 296-300.
10. Ghosal, S., V.K. Tripathi and S. Chauhan, 1996. Active constituents of Emblica officinalis. Part I. The chemistry and antioxidant effects of two new hydrolysable tannins, emblicanin A and B. Indian J. Chem, 35: 941-948.
11. Goyal, R.K., 2005. Investigation of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms for Anti-diabetic Drugs with Special Reference to Unani and Ayurvedic Herbal Medicines. In: Traditional System of Medicine, Abdm, M.Z. and Y.P. Abrol (Eds.). Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, pp: 279-292.
12. Goyal, R.K. and S.S. Patel, 2010. From Concept to Reality in Herbal Medicine: Zingiber Officinale as Potential Antidiabetic Herbal Drug with Specific 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptors as the target. In: Recent Advances in Herbal Drug Research and Therapy, Ray, A. and K. Gulati (Eds.). I.K. International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, pp: 271-292.
13. Gulati, R.K., S. Agarwal and S.S. Agrawal, 1995. Hepatoprotective studies on Phyllanthus emblica. Linn, and quercetin. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 33: 261-268.
14. Gupta, M., B.P. Shaw and A. Mukherjee, 2008a. Evaluation of antipyretic effect of a traditional polyherbal preparation: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Int. J. Pharmacol., 4: 190-195.
15. Gupta, M., B.P. Shaw and A. Mukherjee, 2008b. Studies on antipyretic-analgesic and ulcerogenic activity of polyherbal preparation in rats and mice. Int. J. Pharmacol., 4: 88-94.
16. Hakim, Z.S., R.A. Bangaru, D.D. Santani and R.K. Goyal, 1996. Potential anti-diabetic agents from plant sources. Indian J. Nat. Prod., 11: 3-10.
17. Jeena, K.J., K.L. Joy and R. Kuttan, 1999. Effect of Emblica officinalis, Phyllanthus amarus and Picrorrhiza kurroa on N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancer Lett., 136: 11-16.
18. Jose, J.K. and R. Kuttan, 1995. Antioxidant activity of Emblica officinalis. J. Clin. Biochem. Nut, 19: 63-70.
19. Jose, J.K. and R. Kuttan, 2000. Hepatoprotective activity of Emblica officinalis and chyavanaprash. J. Ethnopharmacol, 72: 135-140.
20. Jose, J.K, G. Kuttan and R. Kuttan, 2001. Antitumour activity of Emblica officinalis. J. Ethnopharmacol, 75: 65-69.
21. Khanna, P. and R. Bansal, 1975. Phyllantidine and phyllantine from Emblica officinalis Gaertn leaves, fruits, and in vitro tissue. Indian. J. Exp. Biol., 13: 82-83.
22. Khopde, S.M., K.I. Priyadarsmi, H. Mohan, V.B. Gawandi and J.G. Satav et al, 2001. Characterizing the antioxidant activity of Amla (Phyllanthus emblica) extract. Curr. Sci., 81: 185-190.
23. Kim, H.J., T. Yokozawa, H.Y. Kim, C. Tohda, T.P. Rao and L.R. Juneja, 2005. Influence of amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) on hypercholesterolemia and lipid peroxidation in cholesterol-fed rats. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol Tokyo., 51: 413-418.
24. Kirtikar, K.R. and B.D. Basu, 1935. Indian Medicinal Plants. International Book Distributors, Dehradun, India.
25. Kumar, G.S., H. Nayaka, S.M. Dharmesh and P.V. Salimath, 2006. Free and bound phenolics antioxidants in amla (Emblica officinalis) and turmeric (Curcuma longa). J. Food Composition Analysis, 19: 446-452.
26. Kumaran, A. and R.J. Karunakaran, 2006. Nitric oxide radical scavenging active components from Phyllanthus emblica L. Plant. Foods. Hum. Nutr., 61: 1-5.
27. Lambertini, E., R. Piva, M.T. Khan, I. Lampronti, N. Bianchi, M. Borgatti and R. Gambari, 2003. Effects of extracts from Bangladeshi medicinal plants on in vitro proliferation of human breast cancer cell lines and expression of estrogen receptor alpha gene. Int. J. Oncol., 24: 419-432.
28. Mathur, R.A., A. Sharma, V.P. Dixit and M. Varma, 1996. Hypolipidaemic effect of fruit juice of Emblica officinalis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. J. Ethnopharmacol., 50: 61-68.
29. Mishra, M., U.N. Pathak and A.B. Khan, 1981. Emblica officinalis Gaertn and serum cholesterol level in experimental rabbits. Br. J. Exp. Pathol., 62: 526-528.
30. Mishra, P., M. Verma, V. Mishra, S. Mishra and G.K. Rai, 2011. Studies on development of ready to eat amla (Emblica officinalis) chutney and its preservation by using class one preservatives. Am. J. Food Technol, 6: 244-252.
31. Nadkarni, K.M. and A.K. Nadkarni, 1999. Indian Materia Medica-with Ayurvedic, Unani-Tibbi, Siddha, Allopathic, Homeopathic, Naturopathic and Home Remedies. Popular Prakashan Private Ltd, Bombay, India, ISBN: 81-7154-142-9.
32. Naik, G.H, K.I. Priyadarsini and M. Hari, 2006. Free radical scavenging reactions and phytochemical analysis of triphala, an ayurvedic formulation. Curre. sci, 90: 1100-1105.
33. Naik, G.H, K.I. Priyadarsmi, R.G. Bhagirathi, B. Mishra and K.P. Mishra et al, 2005. In vitro antioxidant studies and free radical reactions of triphala, an ayurvedic formulation and its constituents. Pytother. Res, 19: 582-586.
34. Nisha, P, S.S. Rekha, B. Aniruddha and A. Pandit, 2004. Study on degradation kinetics of ascorbic acid in amla (Phyllanthus emblicah.) during cooking. Int. Int. J. Food. Sci. Nutr, 55: 415-422.
35. Nosal'ova, G, J. Mokry and K.M.T. Hassan, 2003. Antitussive activity of the fruit extract of Emblica officinalis. Phytomedicine, 10: 583-589.
36. Panda, S. and A. Kar, 2003. Fruit extract of Emblica officinalis ameliorates hyperthyroidism and hepatic lipid peroxidation in mice. Pharmazie, 58: 753-755.
37. Pari, L. and G. Saravanan, 2002. Antidiabetic effect of Cogent db, a herbal drug in alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part C, 131: 19-25.
38. Patel, S.S, R.S. Shah and R.K. Goyal, 2009. Antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of Dihar, a polyherbal ayurvedic formulation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Ind. J. Exp. Biol, 47: 564-570.
39. Paul, D.K. and R.K. Shaha, 2004. Nutrients, vitamins and minerals content in common citrus fruits in the northern region of Bangladesh. Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 7: 238-242.
40. Perianayagam, J.B, S.K. Sharma, A. Joseph and A.J. Christina, 2004. Evaluation of anti-pyretic and analgesic activity of Emblica officinalis Gaertn. J. Ethnopharmacol, 95: 83-85.
41. Perianayagam, J.B, S. Narayanan, G. Gnanasekar, A. Pandurangan and S. Raja et al., 2005. Evaluation of Antidiarrheal Potential of Emblica officinalis. Pharma. Biol, 43: 373-377.
42. Rahman, S, M.M. Akbor, A. Howlader and A. Jabbar, 2009. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of the alkaloids of amlaki (Emblica officinalis). Pak. J. Biol. Sci, 12: 1152-1155.
43. Rajak, S, S.K. Banerjee, S. Sood, K.A. Dinda Y.K Gupta and S.K. Mauhk, 2004. Emblica officinalis causes myocardial adaptation and protects against oxidative stress in ischemic-reperfusion injury in rats. Phytother. Res. 81: 54-60.
44. Rajeshkumar, N.V, M.R. Pillai and R. Kuttan, 2003. Induction of apoptosis in mouse and human carcinoma cell lines by Emblica officinalis polyphenols and its effect on chemical carcinogenesis. J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res, 22: 201-212.
45. Ramalingam, S. and L. Pari, 2005. Antihyperlipidemic and antiperoxidative effect of Diasulin, a polyherbal formulation in alloxan induced hyperglycemic rats. BMC Comp. Altern Med, 5: 14-23.
46. Rao, T.P, N. Sakaguchi, L.R. Juneja, E. Wada and T. Yokozawa, 2005. Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) extracts reduce oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J. Med. Food, 8: 362-368.
47. Rege, N.N, U.M. Thatte and S.A. Dahanukar, 1999. Adaptogenic properties of six rasayana herbs used in Aurvedic medicine. Phytother. Res, 13: 275-291.
48. Sabu, M.C. and R. Kuttan, 2002. Anti-diabetic activity of medicinal plants and its relationship with their antioxidant property. J. Ethanopharmacol, 81: 155-160.
49. Sairam, K, C.V. Rao, M.D. Babu, K.V. Kumar, V.K Agrawal and R.K. Goel, 2002a. Antiulcerogenic effect of methanolic extract of Emblica officinalis: An experimental study. J. Ethnopharmacol, 82: 1-9.
50. Sairam, M, D. Neetu, B. Yogesh, B. Anju and P. Dipti et al., 2002b. Cyto-protective and immunomodulating properties of Amla (Emblica officinalis) on lymphocytes: An in vitro study. J. Ethnopharmacol, 81: 5-10.
51. Scartezzini, P. and E. Speroni, 2000. Review on some plants of Indian traditional medicine with antioxidant activity. J. Ethnopharmacol, 71: 23-43.
52. Scartezzini, P, F. Antogoni, M.A. Raggi, F. Poli and C. Sabbioni, 2006. Vitamin C content and antioxidant activity of the fruit and of the ayurvedic preparation of Emblica officinalis gaertn. J. Ethnopharmacol, 104: 113-118.
53. Sharma, N, P. Trikhaa, M. Athar and S. Raisuddin, 2002. In vitro inhibition of carcinogen-induced mutagenicity by Cassia occidentalis and Emblica officinalis. Drug. Chem. Toxicol, 23: 477-484.
54. Suryanarayana, P, P.A. Kumar, S. Megha, P.J. Mark and R.G. Bhanuprakash 2004. Inhibition of aldose reductase by tannoid principles of Emblica officinalis: Implications for the prevention of sugar cataract. Mol. Vis, 10: 184-194.
55. Thakur, CP, B. Thakur, S. Singh, P.K. Sinha and S.K. Sinha, 1988. The Ayurvedic medicines Haritaki, Amala and Bahira reduce cholesterol induced atherosclerosis in rabbits. Int. J. Cardiol, 21: 167-175.
56. Tripathi, S.N, CM. Tiwari, B.N. Upadyay and R.S. Singh, 1979. Screening of hypoglycemic action in certain indigenous drugs. Screening of hypoglycemic action in certain indigenous drugs. 14: 159-169.
57. Verpoorte, R, R. van der Heijden, H.J.G. Ten Hoopen and J. Memelink, 1999. Metabolic engineering of plant secondary metabolite pathways for the production of new chemicals. Biotechnol. Lett, 21: 467-479.
58. WHO, 1993. Research Guideline for Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Herbal Medicines. World Health Organization, Manila, Philippines, pp: 2.
59. Warrier, P.K, V.P.K. Nambiar and C. Ramankutty, 2007. Indian Medicinal Plants: A Compendium of 500 Species. Orient Longman, Chennai, India.
60. Zhang, Y.J, T. Tanak, OR. Yang and I. Kouno, 2001. New Phenolic Constituents from the Fruit Juice of Phyllanthus emblica. Chem. Pharm. Bull, 49: 537-540.
61. Zhang, Y.J, T. Nagao, T. tanaka, OR. Yang, H. Okabe and I. Kouno, 2004. Antiproleferative activity of the main constituents from Phyllanthus emblica. Biol. Pharma. Bull, 27: 251-255.