Canada's non-status immigrants: Negotiating access to health care and citizenship

Medical Anthropology: Cross Cultural Studies in Health and Illness

Volumn 30, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 496-517

  Miklavcic, Alessandra ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Bearing witness; Citizenship; Mental health; Non status immigrants; Social movements

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CANADA; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HUMAN; HUMAN RIGHTS; MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY; MENTAL HEALTH; MIGRATION; SOCIOECONOMICS;

ANTHROPOLOGY, MEDICAL; CANADA; EMIGRANTS AND IMMIGRANTS; HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY; HUMAN RIGHTS; HUMANS; MENTAL HEALTH; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; TRANSIENTS AND MIGRANTS;

EID: 80052686730     PISSN: 01459740     EISSN: 15455882     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01459740.2011.579586     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Agamben, G. 1998 Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
2. Arendt, H. 1973 The Origins of Totalitarianism. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
3. Bakan, A. B. and D. Stasiulis. 1997 Not One of the Family: Foreign Domestic Workers in Canada. Toronto, Buffalo: University of Toronto Press.
4. Barsky, R. F. 2000 Arguing and Justifying: Assessing the Convention Refugees' Choice of Moment, Motive and Host Country. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate.
5. Basok, T. 1996 Refugee policy: Globalization, radical challenge, or state control? Studies in Political Economy 50(Summer):133-167.
6. Berinstein, C., J. Nyers, C. Wright, and S. Zeheri 2006 Access not fear: Non-status immigrants and city services. Report prepared for the "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" campaign, Toronto, Ontario.
7. Berk, M. and C. Schur 2001 The effect of fear on access to care among undocumented Latino immigrants. Journal of Immigrant Health 3(3):151-156.
8. Braidotti, R. 2007 Bio-power and necro-politics. Reflections on an ethics of sustainability. Springerlin 2. http://www.springerin.at/dyn/heft_text.php?textid=1928&lang=en.
9. Butler, J. 1997 The PsychicLife of Power:Theories in Subjection. Stanford,CA: StanfordUniversity Press.
10. The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms 1982 http://laws.justice.gc.ca=en=charter
11. Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) 2008 IP 5 immigrant applications in Canada made on humanitarian or compassionate grounds. http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/resources/manuals/ip/ip05e.pdf.
12. Chomski, N. 1999 New Military Humanism. Monroe, ME: Common Courage.
13. Comeau Duerden, T. and A. L. Allahar 2009 Forming Canada's ethnoracial identity: Psychiatry and the history of immigration practices. Identity 1(2):143-160.
14. Cox, D. and P. Glenn 1993 Illegal immigration and refugee claims. In Immigration and Refugee Policy Australia and Canada compared. H. Adelman, A. Barowski, M. Burstein and L. Foster, eds. Pp. 283-334. Toronto and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press.
15. Crépeau, F., D. Nakache, and I. Atak 2007 International migration: Security concerns and human rights standards. Transcultural Psychiatry 44(3):311-337.
16. Dal Lago, A. 1999 Persone L'Esclusione dei Migranti di una Societa' Globale. Milan, Italy: Feltrinelli.
17. Dauvergne, C. 2005 Humanitarianism, Identity, and Nation, Migration Laws in Canada and Australia. Vancouver: University of British Columbia.
18. De Certeau, M. 1984 The Practice of Everyday Life. Berkeley: University of California Press.
19. De Genova, N. P. 2002 Migrant "illegality" and deportability in everyday life. Annual Review of Anthropology 31:419-447.
20. De Genova, N. P. 2005 Working the Boundaries: Race, Space, and "Illegality" in Mexican Chicago. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
21. Dowbiggin, I. R. 1995 Keeping America Sane: Psychiatry and Eugenics in the United States and Canada, 1880-1940. Cornell, NY: Cornell University Press.
22. Fassin, D. 2001 The biopolitics of otherness: Undocumented foreigners and racial discrimination in French public debate. Anthropology Today 17(1):3-7.
23. Fassin, D. 2008 The humanitarian politics of testimony: Subjectification through trauma in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Cultural Anthropology 23(3):531-558.
24. Fassin, D. and E. d'Hallulin 2005 The truth from the body. American Anthropologist 107(4):597-608.
25. Foucault, M. 1978 The History of Sexuality, Volume 1: The will to knowledge. London: Penguin.
26. Foucault, M.1982 The subject and power. Critical Inquiry 8(4):777-795.
27. Goldring, E., C. Berinstein, and J. Bernhard 2006 Institutionalizing precarious immigration status in Canada. CERIS Working Paper No. 61. Toronto: Ontario Metropolis Centre. http://ceris.metropolis.net/Virtual%20Library/WKPP%20List/WKPP2007/CWP61.
28. Horton, S. 2004 Different subjects: The health care system's participation in the differential construction of the cultural citizenship of Cuban refugees and Mexican immigrants. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 18(4):472-489.
29. Horton, S. 2007 Toward an ethnography of the uninsured: Gay Becker's work in progress. Medical Anthropology 26:293-298.
30. Isin, E. F. 2000 Democracy, Citizenship and the Global City. London: Routledge.
31. Isin, E. and M. Siemiatycky 1999 Fate and faith: Claiming urban citizenship in immigrant Toronto. CERIS Working Paper No. 8. Toronto: Ontario Metropolis Centre.
32. Kelley, N. and M. Trebilcock 1998 The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian Immigration Policy. Toronto, Buffalo, and London: University of Toronto Press.
33. Keung, N. 2008 Refugees may lose last hope. The Toronto Star, April 5: A17.
34. Khandor, E., J. McDonald, P. Nyers, and C. Wright 2004 The regularization of non-status immigrants in Canada 1960-2004. Report prepared for the STATUS Campaign. htpp://www.ocasi.org/status/Regularization_booklet.pdf.
35. Kirmayer, L. J. 2001 Failures of imagination: The refugee's narrative in psychiatry. Anthropology & Medicine 10(2):167-185.
36. Kirmayer, L. J. 2002 The refugee's predicament. Evolution Psychiatrique 67:724-742.
37. Kirmayer, L. J. 2007 Psychotherapy and the cultural concept of the person. Transcultural Psychiatry 44(2):232-257.
38. Knowles, V. 2007 Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540-2006. Revised Edition. Toronto: Dundurn.
39. Levinas, E. 1979 Totality and Infinity: An Essay on Exteriority. Boston: Martinus-Nijihoff.
40. Levinas, E. 1998 Entre Nous: On Thinking-of-the-Other. New York: Columbia University Press.
41. Mauss, M. 1985 [1935] A category of the human mind: The notion of person: the notion of the self. In The Category of the Person: Anthropology, Philosophy,
42. History. M. Carrithers, S. Collins and S. Lukes, eds. Pp. 1-25. New York: Cambridge University Press.
43. McKinney, K. 2007 Breaking the conspiracy of silence: Testimony, traumatic memory, and psychotherapy with survivors of political violence. Ethos 35(3):265-299.
44. McLaren, A. 1990 Our Own Master Race: Eugenics in Canada. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart.
45. Naef, R. 2006 Bearing witness: A moral way of engaging in the nurse-person relationship. Nursing Philosophy 7(3):146-156.
46. Ngai, M. 2004 Impossible Subjects: Illegal Aliens and the Making of Modern America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
47. Nijhawan, M. 2005 Deportability, medicine, and the law. Anthropology & Medicine 12(3):271-285.
48. Nolan, J. 1998 The Therapeutic State: Justifying Government at Century's End. New York, London: New York University Press.
49. Ong, A. 1996 Cultural citizenship as subject making immigrants: negotiate racial and cultural boundaries in the US. Current Anthropology 37(5):737-762.
50. Oxman-Martinez, J., J. Hanley, L. Lach, N. Khanlou, S. Weersinge, and V. Agnew 2005 Intersection of Canadian policy parameters affecting women with precarious immigration status: A baseline for understanding barriers to health. Journal of Immigrant Health 7(4):247-258.
51. Pandolfi, M. 2003 Contract of mutual (in) difference: Governance and humanitarian apparatus in contemporary Albania and Kosovo. Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 10(1):369-381.
52. Passel, J. S., J. Van Hook, and F. D. Bean 2004 Estimates of legal and unauthorized foreign born population for the United States and selected states, Based on Census 2000, Report to the Census Bureau. Washington DC: Urban Institute.
53. Poland, W. S. 2000 The analyst's witnessing and otherness. Journal of American Psychoanalysis 48(1): 17-34.
54. Prendergast, J. 1996 Frontline Diplomacy: Humanitarian Aid and Conflict in Africa. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
55. Pupovac, V. 2001 Therapeutic governance: Psycho-social Intervention and trauma risk management. Disaster 25(4):358-372.
56. Redfield, P. 2005 Doctors, borders and life in crisis. Cultural Anthropology 20(3):328-361.
57. Redfield, P. 2006 A less modest witness: Collective advocacy and motivated truth in a medical humanitarian movement. American Ethnologist 33(1):3-26.
58. Rieff, P. 1959 Freud: The Mind of the Moralist. New York, Viking, London: V. Gollancz.
59. Rose, N. 2001 The politics of life itself. Theory, Culture & Society 18(6):1-30.
60. Rose, N. 2006 The Politics of Life Itself: Biomedicine, Power and Subjectivity in the Twenty-First Century. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
61. Rose, N. and P. Rabinow 2006 Biopower today. Biosocieties 1:195-217.
62. Rousseau, C., F. Crépeau, P. Foxen, and F. Houle 2002 The complexity of determining refugeehood: A multidisciplinary analysis of the decision-making process of the Canadian immigration and refugee board. Journal of Refugee Studies 15(1):43-70.
63. Sassen, S. 2001 The Global City. New York, London, Tokyo, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
64. Scott, J. C. 1998 Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
65. Silove, D., Z. Steel, and C. Watters 2000 Policies of deterrence and the mental health of asylum seekers. Journal of the American Medical Association 284(5):604-611.
66. Singh, J. 2006 Immigrant rights organizations across Canada demand a moratorium on deportations, and the regularization of 500,000 migrants. Solidarity Across Borders. http://solidarityacrossborders.org/en/node/152.
67. Sontag, S. 1979 Illness as Metaphor. New York: Vintage Books.
68. Soysal, Y. 1994 Limits of Citizenship: Migrants and Postnational Membership in Europe. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
69. Ter Kuile, S., C. Rousseau, M. Munoz, L. Nadeau, and M. J. Ouimet 2007 The universality of the Canadian health care system in question: Barriers to services for immigrants and refugees. International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 3(1):15-36.
70. Ticktin, M. 2006 When ethics and politics meet: The violence of humanitarianism in France. American Ethnologist 33(1):33-49.
71. Ullman, C. 2006 Bearing witness across the barriers in society and in the clinic. Psychoanalytical Dialogues 16(2):181-198.
72. Watters, C. 2007 Refugees at Europe's borders: the moral economy of care. Transcultural Psychiatry 44(3):394-417.
73. Wittgenstein, L. 1953 Philosophical Investigations. G. E. M. Anscombe and R. Rhees, eds. Oxford: Blackwell.
74. Young, A. 1995 The Harmony of Illusions: Inventing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.