CIT in context: The impact of mental health resource availability and district saturation on call dispositions

International Journal of Law and Psychiatry

Volumn 34, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 287-294

  Watson, Amy C ^a   Ottati, Victor C ^b   Draine, Jeff ^c   Morabito, Melissa ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO   (United States)

^b LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO   (United States)

^c TEMPLE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS BOSTON   (United States)

Author keywords

Crisis Intervention Teams; Mental Health Treatment Access; Policing

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRISIS INTERVENTION; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE AVAILABILITY; HEALTH PROGRAM; HUMAN; INTERVIEW; MALE; MENTAL DISEASE; MENTAL HEALTH CARE; MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE; ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE; POLICE; RESOURCE ALLOCATION; SOCIAL WORK; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; CHICAGO; CRIMINALS; CRISIS INTERVENTION; FEMALE; HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY; HOTLINES; HUMANS; INTERVIEWS AS TOPIC; MALE; MENTAL DISORDERS; MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES; MIDDLE AGED; REFERRAL AND CONSULTATION;

EID: 80052531668     PISSN: 01602527     EISSN: 18736386     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2011.07.008     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Bittner E. The police on skid-row: A study of peace keeping. American Sociological Review 1967, 32:699-715.
2. Broner N., Borum R., Gawley K. Criminal justice diversion of individuals with co-occurring mental illness and substance use disorders: An overview. Serving mentally ill offenders and their victims: Challenges and opportunities for mental health professionals 2002, 83-106. Springer, New York. G. Landsberg, M. Rock, L. Berg, A. Smiley (Eds.).
3. Broner N., Lattimore P.K., Cowell A.J., Schlenger W.E. Effects of diversion on adults with co-occurring mental illness and substance use: Outcomes for a national multi-site study. Behavioral Sciences & the Law 2004, 22:519-541.
4. Chicago Department of Public Health Profile of Chicago's Mental Health System 2003 retrieved on October 17, 2007. http://www.cchsd.org/reports.html.
5. Chicago Police Department Use of force model 2003, GO-02-08-01A.
6. Chicago Police Department Annual Report 2007: A year in review Retrieved on October 10, 2008. http://www.CityofChicago.org/Police.
7. Compton M.T., Bahora M.A., Watson A.C., Oliva J. Comprehensive review of extant research on Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) programs. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law 2008, 36(1):47-55.
8. Compton M.T., Demir, Oliva J.R., Boyce T. Crisis Intervention Team training and special weapons and tactics callouts in an urban police department. Psychiatric Services 2009, 60:831-833.
9. Compton M.T., Esterberg M.L., McGee R., Kotwicki R.J., Oliva J.R. Crisis intervention team training: Changes in knowledge, attitudes, and stigma related to schizophrenia. Psychiatric Services 2006, 57:1199-1202.
10. Compton M.T., Broussard B., Munitz M., Oliva J.R., Watson A.C. The Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) Model of collaboration between law enforcement and mental health. In Police practices and their impact on society 2011, Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
11. Draine J., Wilson A.B., Pogorzelski W. Limitations and potential in current research on services for people with mental illness in the criminal justice system. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 2008, 45(3&4):159-177.
12. Dupont R., Cochran S. Police response to mental health emergencies: Barriers to change. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law 2000, 28:338-344.
13. Geller J.L. Commentary: Is CIT today's lobotomy?. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law 2008, 36:56-58.
14. Green T. Police as frontline mental health workers: The decision to arrest or refer to mental health agencies. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 1997, 20(4):469-486.
15. Gresenz C.R., Stockdale S.E., Wells K.B. Community effects on access to behavioral health care. Health Services Research 2000, 35(1):295-306.
16. Hanafi S., Bahora M., Demir B.N., Compton M.T. Incorporating Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) knowledge and skills into the daily work of police officers: A focus group study. Community Mental Health Journal 2008, 44:427-432.
17. Kerr A.N., Morabito M.S., Watson A.C. Police encounters, mental illness and injury: An exploratory study. Journal of Police Crisis Negotiations 2010, 10(1-2):116-132.
18. Klinger D. Environment and organization: Reviving a perspective on the police. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 2004, 593:119-136.
19. Koizumi N., Rothbard A.B., Kuno E. Distance matters in choice of mental health program: Policy implications for reducing racial disparities in public mental health care. Administration and Policy in Mental Health 2009, 36(6):424-431.
20. Morabito, M. S., Kerr, A. N., Watson, A. C., Draine, J., & Angell, B. (in press). Crisis intervention teams and people with mental illness: Exploring the factors that influence the use of force. Crime & Delinquency. doi:10.1177/0011128710372456.
21. NAMI of Greater Chicago Resource card for homeless, substance abuse, and crisis/mental health services in Chicago 2008, Tenth printing, Chicago, IL.
22. Reiss A., Bordua D. Environment and organization: A perspective on the police. The police: Six sociological essays 1967, Wiley, New York. D. Bordua (Ed.).
23. Reuland M. A guide to implementing police-based diversion programs for people with mental illness 2004, Technical Assistance and Policy Analysis Center for Jail Diversion, Delmar, NY.
24. Rogers E. Diffusion of innovations 2003, The Free Press, New York. 5th.
25. Skeem J., Bibeau L. How does violence potential relate to Crisis Intervention Team responses to emergencies?. Psychiatric Services 2008, 59:201-204.
26. Snowden L.R. Barriers to mental health services for African Americans. Mental Health Services Research 2001, 3(4):181-187.
27. Steadman H., Deane M., Borum R., Morrissey J. Comparing outcomes of major models of police responses to mental health emergencies. Psychiatric Services 2000, 51(5):645-649.
28. Steadman H.J., Stainbrook K.A., Griffin P., Draine J., Dupont R., Horey K. A specialized crisis response site as a core element of police-based diversion programs. Psychiatric Services 2001, 52:219-222.
29. Strauss G., Glenn M., Reddi P., Afaq I., Podolskaya A., Rybakova T., et al. Psychiatric disposition of patients brought in by crisis intervention team police officers. Community Mental Health Journal 2005, 41(2):223-228.
30. Teller J., Munetz M., Gil K., Ritter C. Crisis intervention team training for police officers responding to mental disturbance calls. Psychiatric Services 2006, 57(2):232-237.
31. Teplin L., Pruett N. Police as streetcorner psychiatrist: managing the mentally ill. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 1992, 15:139-156.
32. Thompson L.E., Borum R. Crisis Intervention Teams (CIT): Considerations for knowledge transfer. Law Enforcement Executive Forum 2006, 6(3):25-36.
33. U.S.Census Bureau Census 2000 Summary File 3 (SF 3)-Sample data 2001.
34. Watson A.C., Ottati V.C., Morabito M.S., Draine J., Kerr A.N., Angell B. Outcomes of police contacts withpersons with mental illness: The impact of CIT. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research 2010, 37:302-317.
35. Wells W., Schafer J.A. Officer perception of police responses to persons with a mental illness. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 2006, 29:578-601.