Quality and cost analysis of nurse staffing, discharge preparation, and postdischarge utilization

Health Services Research

Volumn 46, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 1473-1494

  Weiss, Marianne E ^a   Yakusheva, Olga ^b   Bobay, Kathleen L ^a  

^a MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

cost; discharge readiness; emergency department utilization; Hospital discharge; readmission

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD; EMERGENCY WARD; FEMALE; HOSPITAL DISCHARGE; HOSPITAL READMISSION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NURSING STAFF; PATIENT ATTITUDE; QUESTIONNAIRE; REGISTERED NURSE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; EMERGENCY SERVICE, HOSPITAL; FEMALE; HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH; HUMANS; LENGTH OF STAY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NURSING STAFF, HOSPITAL; PATIENT DISCHARGE; PATIENT READMISSION; PERSONNEL STAFFING AND SCHEDULING; QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE; RISK FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 80052519145     PISSN: 00179124     EISSN: 14756773     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2011.01267.x     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Aiken, L. H., S. P. Clarke, R. B. Cheung, D. M. Sloane, and, J. H. Silber,. 2003. " Educational Levels of Hospital Nurses and Surgical Patient Mortality. Journal of the American Medical Association 290 (12): 1617-23. (Pubitemid 37430386)
2. Aiken, L. H., S. P. Clarke, D. M. Sloane, J. Sochalski, and, J. H. Silber,. 2002. " Hospital Nurse Staffing and Patient Mortality, Nurse Burnout, and Job Dissatisfaction. Journal of the American Medical Association 288 (16): 1987-93. (Pubitemid 35204688)
3. Anderson, M. A., J. Levsen, M. E. Dusio, P. J. Bryant, S. M. Brown, C. M. Burr, and, C. Brown-Benn,. 2006. " Evidence-Based Factors in Readmission of Patients with Heart Failure. Journal of Nursing Care Quality 21 (2): 160-7. (Pubitemid 44510391)
4. Billings, J., J. Dixon, T. Mijanovich, and, D. Wennberg,. 2006. " Case Finding for Patients At Risk of Readmission to Hospital: Development of Algorithm to Identify High Risk Patients. British Medical Journal 333 (7563): 327. doi: DOI: 10.1136/bmj.38870.657917.AE.
5. Blegen, M. A., T. E. Vaughn, and, C. J. Goode,. 2001. " Nurse Experience and Education: Effect on Quality of Care. Journal of Nursing Administration 31 (1): 33-9.
6. Bobay, K., T. Jerofke, M. Weiss, and, O. Yakusheva,. 2010. " Age-related Differences in Perception of Quality of Discharge Teaching and Readiness for Hospital Discharge. Geriatric Nursing 31 (3): 178-87.
7. Bosker, R. J., T. A. B. Snijders, and, H. Guldemond,. 2003. PINT (Power IN Two-Level Designs): Estimating Standard Errors of Regression Coefficients [computer program].
8. Burt, C. V., L. F. McCaig, and, A. E. Simon,. 2008. Emergency Department Visits by Persons Recently Discharged from U.S. Hospitals. National Health Statistics Reports, no.6. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics
9. Center For Allied Health Evidence. "University Of South Australia" [accessed on March 1, 2010]. Available a
10. Cho, S. H., S. Ketefian, V. H. Barkauskas, and, D. G. Smith,. 2003. " The Effects of Nurse Staffing on Adverse Events, Morbidity, Mortality, and Medical Costs. Nursing Research 52 (2): 71-9.
11. Coleman, E. A., C. Parry, S. A. Chalmers, and, S.-J. Min,. 2008. " The Care Transition Intervention: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial. Archives of Internal Medicine 166: 1822-8.
12. Corrigan, J. M., and, J. B. Martin,. 1992. " Identification of Factors Associated with Hospital Readmission and Development of a Predictive Model. Health Services Research 27 (1): 81-101.
13. Donabedian, A., 1966. " Evaluating the Quality of Medical Care. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly 44 (3, suppl): 166-206.
14. Driscoll, A., 2000. " Managing Post-Discharge Care at Home: An Analysis of Patients' and Their Carers' Perceptions of Information Received during Their Stay in Hospital. Journal of Advanced Nursing 31 (5): 1165-73.
15. Friedman, B., and, J. J. Basu,. 2004. " The Rate and Cost of Hospital Readmissions for Preventable Conditions. Medical Care Research and Review 61 (2): 225-40. (Pubitemid 38650029)
16. Glasgow, R. E., M. M. Funnell, A. E. Bonomi, C. Davis, V. Beckham, and, E. H. Wagner,. 2002. " Self-Management Aspects of the Improving Chronic Illness Care Breakthrough Series: Implementation with Diabetes and Heart Failure Teams. Annals of Behavioral Medicine 24 (2): 80-7.
17. Goldfield, N. I., E. C. McCullough, J. S. Hughes, A. M. Tang, B. Eastman, L. K. Rawlins, and, R. F. Averill,. 2008. " Identifying Potentially Preventable Readmissions. Health Care Financing Review 30 (1): 75-91.
18. Greenwald, J. L., C. R. Denham, and, B. W. Jack,. 2007. " The Hospital Discharge: A Review of a High Risk Care Transition with Highlights of a Reengineered Discharge Process. Journal of Patient Safety 3 (2): 97-106.
19. Grimmer, K., J. Moss, and, J. Falco,. 2004. " Experiences of Elderly Patients Regarding Independent Community Living after Discharge from Hospital: A Longitudinal Study. International Journal for Quality in Health Care 16 (6): 465-72. (Pubitemid 39625155)
20. Guterman, S., and, H. Drake,. 2010. Developing Innovative Payment Approaches: Finding the Path to High Performance. New York: The Commonwealth Fund.
21. Henderson, A., and, W. Zernike,. 2001. " A Study of the Impact of Discharge Information for Surgical Patients. Journal of Advanced Nursing 35 (3): 435-41. (Pubitemid 33603269)
22. Hibbard, J. H., J. Stockard, E. R. Mahoney, and, M. Tusler,. 2004. " Development of the Patient Activation Measure (PAM): Conceptualizing and Measuring Activation in Patients and Consumers. Health Services Research 39 (4, part 1): 1005-26.
23. Hollingshead, A., 1975. Four Factor Index of Social Status. New Haven, CT: Yale University.
24. Jack, B. W., V. K. Chetty, D. Anthony, J. L. Greenwald, G. M. Sanchez, A. E. Johnson, S. R. Forsythe, J. K. O'Donnell, M. K. Paasche-Orlow, C. Manasseh, S. Martin, and, L. Culpepper,. 2009. " A Reengineered Hospital Discharge Program to Decrease Rehospitalization: A Randomized Trial. Annals of Internal Medicine 150 (3): 178-87.
25. Jencks, S. F., M. V. Williams, and, E. A. Coleman,. 2009. " Rehospitalizations among Patients in the Medicare Fee-For-Service Program. New England Journal of Medicine 360 (14): 1418-2.
26. Kane, R. L., T. Shamliyan, C. Mueller, S. Duval, and, T. Wilt,. 2007. "Nursing Staffing and Quality of Patient Care." Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 151 (Prepared by the Minnesota Evidence-Based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-02-0009). AHRQ Publication No. 07-E005 [accessed on April 8, 2009]. Available at
27. Koelling, T. M., M. L. Johnson, R. J. Cody, and, K. D. Aaronson,. 2005. " Discharge Education Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Circulation 111 (2): 179-85. (Pubitemid 40139729)
28. Lake, E. T., and, C. R. Friese,. 2006. " Variations in Nursing Practice Environments: Relation to Staffing and Hospital Characteristics. Nursing Research 55 (1): 1-9.
29. Mamon, J., D. M. Steinwachs, M. Fahey, L. R. Bone, J. Oktay, and, L. Klein,. 1992. " Impact of Hospital Discharge Planning on Meeting Patient Needs after Returning Home. Health Services Research 27 (2): 155-7.
30. McCusker, J., S. Cardin, F. Bellavance, and, E. Belzile,. 2000. " Return to the Emergency Department among Elders: Patterns and Predictors. Academic Emergency Medicine 7 (3): 249-5.
31. Meleis, A. I., L. M. Sawyer, E. Im, D. K. H. Messias, and, K. Schumacher,. 2000. " Experiencing Transitions: An Emerging Middle-range Theory. Advances in Nursing Science 23 (1): 12-28.
32. Minott, J., 2008. "Reducing Hospital Readmissions" [accessed on April 8, 2009]. Available at
33. Mistiaen, P., A. L. Francke, and, E. Poot,. 2007. " Interventions Aimed at Reducing Problems in Adult Patients Discharged from Hospital to Home: A Systematic Meta-review. BMC Health Services Research 7: 47-65.
34. Naylor, M. D., D. Brooten, R. Campell, B. S. Jacobsen, M. D. Mezey, and, M. V. Pauly,. 1999. " Comprehensive Discharge Planning and Home Follow-Up of Hospitalized Elders: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of the American Medical Association 281: 613-20. (Pubitemid 29098061)
35. Needleman, J., 2008. " Is What's Good for the Patient Good for the Hospital? Aligning Incentives and the Business Case for Nursing. Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice 9 (2): 80-7.
36. Needleman, J., P. Buerhaus, S. Mattke, M. Stewart, and, K. Zelevinsky,. 2002. " Nurse-Staffing Levels and the Quality of Care in Hospitals. New England Journal of Medicine 346 (22): 1715-22. (Pubitemid 34547486)
37. Nosbusch, J. M., M. E. Weiss, and, K. L. Bobay,. 2011. " Challenges Confronting the Acute Care Staff Nurse in Discharge Planning: An Integrated Review of the Literature. Journal of Clinical Nursing 20 (5-6): 754-74.
38. Phillips, C. O., S. M. Wright, D. E. Kern, R. M. Singa, S. Shepperd, and, H. R. Rubin,. 2004. " Comprehensive Discharge Planning with Postdischarge Support for Older Patients with Congestive Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association 291 (11): 1358-67. (Pubitemid 38541651)
39. Popejoy, L. L., K. Moylan, and, C. Galambos,. 2009. " A Review of Discharge Planning Research of Older Adults 1990-2008. Western Journal of Nursing Research 31 (7): 923-47.
40. Reiley, P., L. I. Iezzoni, R. Phillips, R. B. Davis, L. I. Tuchin, and, D. Calkins,. 1996. " Discharge Planning: Comparison of Patients and Nurses' Perceptions of Patients Following Hospital Discharge. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 28 (2): 143-7.
41. Rogers, A., H. Wei-Ting, L. Scott, L. Aiken, and, D. Dinges,. 2004. " The Working Hours of Hospital Staff Nurses and Patient Safety. Health Affairs 23 (4): 202-1.
42. Ryan, M., K. Aloe, and, J. Mason-Johnson,. 2009. " Improving Self-Management and Reducing Hospital Readmission in Heart Failure Patients. Clinical Nurse Specialist 23 (4): 216-21.
43. Seago, J. A., A. Williamson, and, C. Atwood,. 2006. " Longitudinal Analyses of Nurse Staffing and Patient Outcomes: More about Failure to Rescue. Journal of Nursing Administration 36 (1): 13-21.
44. Stata Corporation. 2009. Stata (release 11) statistical software. College Station, TX: Stata Corporation.
45. Strunin, L., M. Stone, and, B. Jack,. 2007. " Understanding Rehospitalization: Can Hospital Discharge Be Modified to Reduce Recurrent Hospitalization? Journal of Hospital Medicine 2 (5): 297-304.
46. Titler, M., J. Dochterman, T. Kim, M. Kanak, M. Shever, D. M. Picone, L. Everett, and, G. Budreau,. (2007). " Cost of Care for Seniors Hospitalized for Hip Fracture and Related Procedures. Nursing Outlook 55 (1): 5-14.
47. Titler, M., J. D. M. Picone, L. Everett, X.-J. Xie, M. Kanak, and, Q. Fei,. 2005. " Cost of Hospital Care for Elderly at Risk of Falling. Nursing Economics 23 (6): 290-306. (Pubitemid 43025501)
48. United States Department of Labor. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2009 "Employer Cost For Employee Compensation" [accessed on February 4, 2010]. Available at #Wages
49. Van den Heede, K., W. Sermeus, L. Diya, S. P. Clarke, E. Lesaffre, A. Vleugels, and, L. H. Aiken,. 2009. " Nurse Staffing and Patient Outcomes in Belgian Acute Hospitals: Cross-sectional Analysis of Administrative Data. International Journal of Nursing Studies 46 (7): 928-39.
50. Van Walraven, C., I. A. Dhalla, C. Bell, E. Etchells, I. G. Stiell, K. Zarnke, P. C. Austin, and, A. J. Forster,. 2010. " Derivation and Validation of an Index to Predict Early Death or Unplanned Readmission after Discharge from Hospital to the Community. Canadian Medical Association Journal 182 (6): 551-7.
51. Weiss, M. E., and, L. B. Piacentine,. 2006. " Psychometric Properties of the Readiness For Hospital Discharge Scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement 14 (3): 163-80.
52. Weiss, M. E., L. B. Piacentine, L. Lokken, J. Ancona, J. Archer, S. Gresser, S. B. Holmes, S. Toman, A. Toy, and, T. Vega-Stromberg,. 2007. " Predictors and Outcomes of Readiness for Hospital Discharge in Acute Medical-Surgical Patients. Clinical Nurse Specialist 21 (1): 31-42.