Structural and microstructural regularities of the distribution of diamond in metamorphic rocks of the Kumdy-Kol and Barchi-Kol deposits, Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan

Canadian Mineralogist

Volumn 49, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 673-690

  Pechnikov, Victor A ^a   Kaminsky, Felix V ^b  

^a SIBERIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY   (Russian Federation)

^b KM Diamond Exploration Ltd   (Canada)

Author keywords

Barchi Kol; Diamond; Factor analysis; Kazakhstan; Kokchetav Massif; Kumdy Kol; Metamorphic rocks

Indexed keywords

BARCHI-KOL; FACTOR ANALYSIS; KAZAKHSTAN; KOKCHETAV MASSIF; KUMDY-KOL;

CARBON DIOXIDE; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; DEPOSITS; DIAMONDS; FLUIDS; FRACTURE; METAMORPHIC ROCKS; MINERALOGY; MINERALS; ROCKS;

DIAMOND DEPOSITS;

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; DIAMOND; DISCONTINUITY; FACTOR ANALYSIS; FLUID COMPOSITION; FRACTURE; METAMORPHIC ROCK; METASOMATISM; MINERALIZATION; SECONDARY MINERAL; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; TWO-DIMENSIONAL MODELING;

KAZAKHSTAN; KOKCHETAV MASSIF;

EID: 80052466121     PISSN: 00084476     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3749/canmin.49.3.673     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. CARTIGNY, P., DE CORTE, K., SHATSKY, V. S., ADER, M., DE PAEPE, P., SOBOLEV, N. V. & JAVOY, M. (2001): The origin and formation of metamorphic microdiamonds from the Kokchetav massif, Kazakhstan: a nitrogen and carbon isotopic study. Chem. Geol. 176, 265-281. (Pubitemid 32533457)
2. CLAOUÉ-LONG, J. C., SOBOLEV, N. V., SHATSKY, V. S. & SOBOLEV, A. V. (1991): Zircon response to diamond-pressure metamorphism in the Kokchetav Massif, USSR. Geology 19, 710-713.
3. DE CORTE, K., CARTIGNY, P., SHATSKY, V. S., SOBOLEV, N. V. & JAVOY, M. (1998): Evidence of fluid inclusions in metamorphic microdiamonds from the Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62, 3765-3773. (Pubitemid 29321907)
4. DOBRETSOV, N. L., BUSLOV, M. M., ZHIMULEV, F. I., TRAVIN, A. V. & ZAYACHKOVSKY, A. A. (2006): Vendian - Early Ordovician geodynamic evolution and model for exhumation of ultrahigh and high-pressure rocks from the Kokchetav subduction-collision zone (northern Kazakhstan). Russ. Geol. Geophys. 47, 428-444. (Pubitemid 46275989)
5. DOBRETSOV, N. L., SOBOLEV, N. V., SHATSKY, V. S., COLEMAN, R. G. & ERNST, W. G. (1995): Geotectonic evolution of diamondiferous parageneses, Kokchetav Complex, northern Kazakhstan: the geologic enigma of ultrahigh-pressure crustal rocks within a Paleozoic fold belt. Island Arc 4, 267-279. (Pubitemid 26480066)
6. DOBRETSOV, N. L., THEUNISSEN, T. & SMIRNOVA, L. W. (1998): Structural and geodynamic evolution of the diamondiferous metamorphic rocks of the Kokchetav massif (Kazakhstan). Geologiya i Geofizika 39, 1645-1666 (in Russian). (Pubitemid 128687790)
7. DOBRZHINETSKAYA, L. F., BRAUN, T. V., SHESHKEL, G. G. & PODKUIKO, Y. A. (1994): Geology and structure of diamondbearing rocks of the Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan. Teclonophysics 233, 293-313. (Pubitemid 24428849)
8. DOBRZHINETSKAYA, L. F., GREEN, H. W., II & DICKERSON, R. M. (2001): Metamorphic diamonds: mechanism of growth and inclusion of oxides. Geology 29, 263-266.
9. DOBRZHINETSKAYA, L. F., GREEN, H. W., BOZHILOV, K. N., MITCHELL, T. E. & DICKERSON, R. M. (2003): Crystallization environment of Kazakhstan microdiamond: evidence from nanometric inclusions and mineral associations. J. Metam. Geol. 21, 425-429.
10. EKIMOVA, T. E., LAVROVA, L. D., NADEZHDINA, E. D., PETROVA, M. A. & PECHNIKOV, V. A. (1994): Conditions of the formation of the Kumdykol diamond deposit, northern Kazakhstan. Geol. Ore Deposits 36, 410-419 (in Russian).
11. EKIMOVA, T. E., LAVROVA, L. D. & PETROVA, M. A. (1992): Diamond inclusions in rock-forming minerals of the metamorphic rocks. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 322, 366-368 (in Russian).
12. FREZZOTTI, M.-L. & PECCERILLO, A. (2007): Diamond-bearing COHS fluids in the mantle beneath Hawaii. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 262, 273-283. (Pubitemid 47440465)
13. HWANG, S.-L., SHEN, P., CHU, H.-T., YUI, T.-F., LIOU, J. G., SOBOLEV, N. V. & SHATSKY, V. S. (2005): Crust-derived potassic fluid in metamorphic microdiamond. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 231, 295-306. (Pubitemid 40334937)
14. JORESKOG, K. G., KLOVAN, J. E. & REYMENT R. A. (1976): Geological Factor Analysis. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
15. KAISER, H. F. (1958): The Varimax criterion for analytic rotation in factor analysis. Psychometrica 23, 187-200.
16. KANEKO, Y., MARUYAMA, S., TERABAYASHI, M., YAMOMOTO, H., ISHIKAWA, M., AKMA, R., PARKINSON, C. D., OTA, T., NAKAJIMA, Y., KATAYAMA, I., YAMAMOTO, J. & YAMAUCHI, K. (2000): Geology of the Kokchetav UHP-HP metamorphic belt, northern Kazakhstan. Island Arc 9, 264-283.
17. KATAYAMA, I. & MARUYAMA, S. (2009): Inclusion study in zircon from ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks in the Kokchetav massif: an excellent tracer of metamorphic history. J. Geol. Soc. London 166, 783-796.
18. KORSAKOV, A. V., PERRAKI, M., ZEDGENIZOV, D. A. & BINDI, L. (2010): Diamond-graphite relationships in ultrahighpressure metamorphic rocks from the Kochetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan. J. Petrol. 51, 763-783.
19. KORSAKOV, A. V. & SHATSKY, V. S. (2004): Origin of graphitecoated diamonds from UHP metamorphic rocks. Dokl. Earth Sci. 399, 1160-1163. (Pubitemid 40008423)
20. KORSAKOV, A. V., SHATSKY, V. S., SOBOLEV, N. V. & ZAYACHOKOVSKY, A. A. (2002): Garnet-biotite-clinozoisite gneiss: a new type of diamondiferous metamorphic rock from the Kokchetav Massif. Eur. J. Mineral. 14, 915-928.
21. KORSAKOV, A. V., THEUNISSEN, K. & SMIRNOVA, L.. V (2004): Intergranular diamonds derived from melting of crustal rocks at ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic conditions. Terra Nova 16, 146-149.
22. LAVROVA, L. D., PECHNIKOV, V. A., PETROVA, M. A. & ZAYACHKOVSKY, A. A. (1996): Geology of the Barchi diamondiferous area. Otechestvennaya Geologiya, no. 12, 20-27 (in Russian).
23. LAVROVA, L. D., PECHNIKOV, V. A., PLESHAKOV, A. M., NADEZHDINA, E. D. & SHUKOLYUKOV, YU. A. (1999): A New Genetic Type of Diamond Deposit. Scientific World Publishing House, Moscow, Russia (in Russian).
24. LETNIKOV, F. A. (1983): Diamond origin in deep-seated tectonic zones. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 271, 433-435 (in Russian).
25. MARAKUSHEV, A. A., SANG LANKANG, PANEYAH, N. A. & ZOTOV, I. A. (1998): Heterogeneous nature of diamondiferous metamorphic complexes of the Kokchetav (Kazakhstan) and Dabie Shan (China). Bulletin MOIP, Seria Geologicheskaya, 73(3), 3-9 (in Russian).
26. th Int. Kimberlite Conf., Proc. 2 (J. J. Gurney, J. L. Gurney, M. D. Pascoe & S. H. Richardson, eds.). Red Roof Design, Cape Town, South Africa (584-604).
27. OGASAWARA, Y., OHTA, M., FAKASAWA, K., KATAYAMA, I. & MARUYAMA, S. (2000): Diamond-bearing and diamondfree metacarbonate rocks from Kumdy-Kol in the Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan. Island Arc 9, 400-416.
28. PAL'YANOV, YU. N., SOKOL, A. G., BORZDOV, Y. M. & KHOKHRYAKOV, A. F. (2002): Alkaline carbonate-fluid melts as the medium for the formation of diamonds in the Earth's mantle: an experimental study. Lithos 60, 145-159. (Pubitemid 34228078)
29. PARK, G.-S., BAE, S. C., GRANICK, S., LEE, J.-H., BAE, S. D., KIM, T. & ZUO, J. M. (2007): Naturally formed epitaxial diamond crystals in rubies. Diamond and Related Materials 16, 397-400. (Pubitemid 46127831)
30. PECHNIKOV, V. A. (1993): Peculiarities of localization of diamond manifestations in metamorphic rocks. Razvedka i Okhrana Nedr, no. 4, 11-14 (in Russian).
31. PECHNIKOV, V. A. & KAMINSKY, F. V. (2008): Diamond potential of metamorphic rocks in the Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan. Eur. J. Mineral. 20, 395-413.
32. PERCHUK, L. L., SAFONOV, O. G., YAPOSKURT, V. O. & BARTON, J. M. (2002): Crustal-melt equilibria involving potassiumbearing clinopyroxene as indicators of mantle-derived ultrahigh-potassic liquids: an analytical review. Lithos 60, 89-111. (Pubitemid 34231561)
33. 2 at 5-7 GPa in relation to the genesis of garnet - clinopyroxene - carbonate rocks of the Kokchetav Complex, northern Kazkhstan. Petrology 10, 519-539. (Pubitemid 36039696)
34. SHATSKY, V. S., JAGOUTZ, E., SOBOLEV, N. V., KOZMENKO, O. A., PARKHOMENKO, V. S. & TROESCH, M. (1999): Geochemistry and age of ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks from the Kokchetav massif (northern Kazakhstan). Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 137, 185-205. (Pubitemid 30063543)
35. SHATSKY, V. S., SITNIKOVA, E. S., KOZ'MENKO, O. A., NIKOLAEVA, I. V. & ZAYACHKOVSKY, A. A. (2006): Behavior of incompatible elements during ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism (by the example of rocks of the Kokchetav massif). Russ. Geol. Geophys. 47, 482-496.
36. SHATSKY, V. S. & SOBOLEV, N. V. (1993): Some genetic aspects for diamond in metamorphic rocks. Dokl. Akad. Nauk 331, 217-219 (in Russian).
37. SHATSKY, V. S., SOBOLEV, N. V. & VAVILOV, M. A. (1995): Diamond-bearing metamorphic rocks of the Kokchetav massif (northern Kazakhstan). In Ultrahigh-Pressure Metamorphism (R. G. Coleman & X. Wang, eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U. K. (427-455).
38. SIMAKOV, S. K. (2010): Metastable nanosized diamond formation from C-H-O fluid system. J. Mater. Res. 25(12), 1-5.
39. SOBOLEV, N. V. & SHATSKY, V. S. (1987): Carbon mineral inclusions in garnets from metamorphic rocks. Geologiya i Geofizika (Russ. Geol. Geophys.), no. 7, 77-80 (in Russian).
40. SOBOLEV, N. V., SHATSKY, V. S., LIOU, J. G., ZHANG, R. Y., HWANG, S. L., SHEN, P., CHU, H. T., YUI, T. F., ZAYACHKOVSKY, A. A. & KASYMOV, M. A. (2003): US-Russian civilian research and development fund project: an origin of microdiamonds in metamorphic rocks of the Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan. Episodes 26, 290-294. (Pubitemid 38242059)
41. SOBOLEV, N. V., SHATSKY, V. S., VAVILOV, M. A. & GORYANOV, S. V. (1994): Zircon from high-pressure metamorphic rocks from folded areas as a unique container of diamond, coesite and coexisting mineral inclusions. Dokl. Akad. Nauk 334, 488-492 (in Russian).
42. SOBOLEV, N. V., SHATSKY, V. S., ZAYACHKOVSKY, A. A., VAVILOV, M. A. & SHESHKEL, G. G. (1989): Diamonds in metamorphic rocks of the northern Kazakhstan. In Geology of Metamorphic Complexes (G. A. Keylman, ed.). Akademia Nauk Publishing House, Sverdlovsk, Russia (21-35) (in Russian).
43. THEUNISSEN, K., DOBRETSOV, N. L., KORSAKOV, A., TRAVIN, A., SHATSKY, V. S., SMIRNOVA, L. & BOVEN, A. (2000): Two contrasting petrotectonic domains in the Kokchetav megamelange (north Kazakhstan): difference in exhumation mechanisms of ultrahigh pressure crustal rocks, or a result of subsequent deformation? Island Arc 9, 284-303.
44. TOMLINSON, E. L., HOWELL, D., JONES, A. P. & FROST, D. J. (2011): Characteristics of HPHT diamond grown at sublithosphere conditions (10-20 GPa). Diamond & Related Mater. 20, 11-17.
45. ZHANG, R. Y., LIOU, J. G., ERNST, W. G., COLEMAN, R. G., SOBOLEV, N. V. & SHATSKY, V. S. (1997): Metamorphic evolution of diamond-bearing and associated rocks from the Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan. J. Metam. Geol. 15, 479-496.