From oil-prone source rock to gas-producing shale reservoir - Geologic and petrophysical characterization of unconventional shale-gas reservoirs

Society of Petroleum Engineers - SPE Americas Unconventional Gas Conference 2011, UGC 2011

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 1-29

  Passey, Q R ^a   Bohacs, K M ^a   Esch, W L ^a   Klimentidis, R ^a   Sinha, S ^a  

^a EXXONMOBIL UPSTREAM RESEARCH COMPANY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES; ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES; BIOTIC FACTORS; BOREHOLE IMAGES; BUILDING BLOCKES; FLUID PROPERTY; FLUID SATURATIONS; GAS CONTENT; HIGH RESOLUTION; HYDROCARBON RECOVERY; ILLITIZATION; INTERLAYER WATERS; LARGE SURFACE AREA; LOG RESPONSE; MATURITY LEVELS; MULTIPLE SAMPLES; NANOPOROSITY; OPTIMIZED PROCESS; PARASEQUENCE; PETROPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION; RESERVOIR ROCK; RESISTIVITY LOGS; SEM IMAGE; SOURCE ROCKS; THERMAL MATURATION; TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON; TOTAL POROSITY; VITRINITE REFLECTANCE;

ASSOCIATED GAS; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; ELECTRIC LOGGING; GASES; HYDROCARBONS; MINERALOGY; MINERALS; OIL SHALE; ORGANIC CARBON; PETROLEUM ENGINEERING; PETROLEUM RESERVOIR EVALUATION; POROSITY; REFLECTION; ROCKS; SHALE; SHALE OIL; STRATIGRAPHY; X RAY DIFFRACTION; X RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS;

PETROLEUM RESERVOIRS;

EID: 80052405495     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (76)

1. Ambrose, R. J., Hartman, R. C., Diaz-Campos, M., Akkutla, I. Y, and Sondergeld, C. H., 2010, New Pore-Scale Considerations for Shale Gas in Place Calculations, SPE-131772, SPE Unconventional Gas Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 23-25, February 2010.
2. Anderson, B., Barber, T., Luling, M., Sen . P., Taherian, and Klein, J., 2008, Indentifying Potential Gas-Producing Shales from Large Dielectric Permittivities Measured by Induction Quadrature Signals, SPWLA Symposium, Edinburgh, Scotland, 25-28 May, 2008, Paper HHHH.
3. Arthur, M.A., Schlanger, S.O., and Jenkyns, H.C., 1987, The Cenomanian-Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event, II. Palaeoceanographic Controls on Organic Matter Production and Preservation, in Brooks, J., and Fleet, A., eds., Marine Petroleum Source Rocks: Geological Society of London, Special Publication 26, p. 401-420
4. Archie, G. E., 1942, The Electrical Resistivity Log as an Aid in Determining Some Reservoir Characteristics, Trans. Am. Inst. Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Eng. 146, p. 54-62.
5. Berger, W.H., 1976, Biogenous Deep Sea Sediments: Production, Preservation and Interpretation, in Riley, J.P., and Chester, R., eds., Chemical Oceanography: New York, Academic Press, 5, p. 265-388.
6. Bessereau, G., and Guillocheau, F., 1995, Stratigraphie Séquentielle et Distribution de la Matière Organique dans le Lias du bassin de Paris: Académie des Sciences (Paris), Comptes Rendu, 316, p. 1271-1278
7. Bhuyan, K., and Passey, Q. R., 1994, Clay Estimation from GR and Neutron-Density Porosity Logs," SPWLA 35th Annual Logging Symposium, June 19-22, 1994, Paper DDD.
8. Bogdanov, Y.A., Gurvich, Y.G., and Lisitzin, A.P., 1980a, Model for the Accumulation of Calcium Carbonate in Bottom Sediments of the Pacific Ocean: Geochemistry International, 17, p. 125-132.
9. Bogdanov, Y.A., Gurvich, Y.G., and Lisitzin, A.P., 1980b, A Model for the Accumulation of Amorphous Silica in Pacific Sediment: Geochemistry International, 17, p. 51-56.
10. Bohacs, K.M., 1990, Sequence Stratigraphy of the Monterey Formation, Santa Barbara County: Integration of Physical, Chemical, and Biofacies Data from Outcrop and Subsurface: SEPM, Core Workshop 14, San Francisco, Ca.
11. Bohacs, K.M., 1993, Source Quality Variations Tied to Sequence Development in the Monterey and Associated Formations, Southwestern California, in Katz, B.J., and Pratt, L.M., eds., Petroleum Source Rocks in a Sequence-Stratigraphic Framework: AAPG Studies in Geology, 7, p. 177-204.
12. Bohacs, K.M., 1998, Contrasting Expressions of Depositional Sequences in Mudstones from Marine to Non-marine Environs, in Schieber, J., Zimmerle, W., and Sethi, P., eds., Mudstones and Shales, vol. 1, Characteristics at the Basin Scale: Stuttgart, Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, p. 32-77.
13. Bohacs, K. M., and Lazar, O. R., 2010, Sequence Stratigraphy in Fine-Grained Rocks at the Field to Flow-unit Scale: Insights for Correlation, Mapping, and Genetic Controls, presented at Houston Geological Society, Applied Geoscience Conference, February 8-9, 2010, Houston.
14. Bohacs, K.M., Miskell-Gerhardt, K., 1998, Well-log expression of lake strata; controls of lake-basin type and provenance, contrasts with marine strata. AAPG Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts, Tulsa, Oklahoma, p. A78.
15. Bohacs, K. M., Grawbowski, G. J., Carroll, A. R., Mankeiwitz, P. J., Miskell-Gerhardt, K. J., Schwalbach, J. R., Wegner, M. B., and Simo, J. A, 2005, Production, Destruction, and Dilution - the Many Paths to Source-Rock Development, SEPM Special Publication 82, p. 61-101.
16. Boles, J.R. and Franks, S.G., 1979, Clay Diagenesis in Wilcox Sandstones of Southwest Texas; Implications of Smectite Diagenesis on Sandstone Cementation, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 49, p. 55-70.
17. Brumsack, H. J., 1980, Geochemistry of Cretaceous Black Shales from the Atlantic Ocean (DSDP Legs 11, 14, 36, and 41): Chemical Geology, 31, p. 1-25.
18. Bustin, R. M., Bustin, A. M., Cui, X., Ross, D.J.K., Murthy, Pathi, V. S., 2008, Impact of Shale Properties on Pore Structure and Storage Characteristics, SPE-119892, SPE Shale Gas Production Conference, Fort Worth, Texas, 16-18 November, 2008.
19. Creaney, S., and Passey, Q. R., 1993, Recurring Patterns of Total Organic Carbon and Source Rock Quality within a Sequence Stratigraphic Framework, AAPG Bulletin 77, p. 386-401.
20. Eslinger, E. and Pevear, D., 1988, Clay Minerals for Petroleum Geologists and Engineers, SEPM Short Course 22.
21. Feibelman, P., 2010, The First Wetting Layer on a Solid, Physics Today, February 2010, p.34-39.
22. Grossart, H. P., Simon, M., and Logan, B. E., 1997. Formation of Macroscopic Organic Aggregates (Lake Snow) in a Large Lake: The Significance of Transparent Exopolymer Particles, Phytoplankton and Zooplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42, p. 1651-1659.
23. Grabowski, G.J., and Glaser, K.S., 1990, Depositional Model for Transgressive Marine Organic-rich Rocks Formed in Platform Settings: Middle Callovian and Lower Toarcian Examples from Onshore England. 13th International Sedimentological Congress, Nottingham, 196 pp.
24. Guidry, F.K., Luffel, D.L, Curtis, J.B., 1996, Development of Laboratory and Petrophysical Techniques for Evaluating Shale Reservoirs, Gas Research Institute, GRI - 5/0496.
25. Guthrie, J.M., and Bohacs, K.M., 2009, Spatial Variability of Source Rocks: a Critical Element for Defining the Petroleum System of Pennsylvanian Carbonate Reservoirs of the Paradox Basin, SE Utah, in W.S. Houston, L.L. Wray, and P.G.Moreland, eds., The Paradox Basin Revisited - New Developments in Petroleum Systems and Basin Analysis, RMAG 2009 Special Publication - the Paradox Basin, p. 95-130.
26. Hartnett, H.E., Keil, R.G., and Hedges, J.I., 1998, Influence of Oxygen Exposure Time on Organic Carbon Preservation in Continental Margin Sediments: Nature, 391, p. 572-574.
27. Heinrichs, S.M., and Reeburgh, W.S., 1987, Anaerobic Mineralization of Marine Sediment Organic Matter: Rates and the Role of Anaerobic Processes in the Oceanic Carbon Economy: Geomicrobiology Journal, 5, p. 191-238.
28. Heckel, P.H., 1972, Recognition of Ancient Shallow Marine Environments, in Rigby, J.K, and Hamblin, W.K., eds., Recognition of Ancient Sedimentary Environments: SEPM Special Publication 16, p. 226-286.
29. Hood, A., Gutjahr, C. M., and Heacock, R. L., 1975, Organic Metamorphism and the Generation of Petroleum, AAPG Bulletin, 59, p. 986-996.
30. Hsieh, P.A., Tracy, J.V., Neuzil, C.E., Bredehoeft, J.D., Silliman, S.E., 1981, A Transient Laboratory Method for Determining the Hydraulic Properties of 'Tight' Rocks - I. Theory., Int. J. Rock Mech.Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr. 18, p. 245-252.
31. Huc, A.Y., 1988, Aspects of Depositional Processes of Organic Matter in Sedimentary Basins: Organic Geochemistry, 13, p. 263-272.
32. Huc, A.Y, 1995, Paleogeography, Paleoclimate, and Source Rocks, AAPG Studies in Geology 40, 347 p.
33. Isaacs, C.M., 1987, Sources and Deposition of Organic Matter in the Monterey Formation, South-central Coastal Basins of California, in Meyer, R.F., ed., Exploration for Heavy Crude Oil and Natural Bitumen: AAPG Studies in Geology, 25, p. 193-205.
34. Jacobi, D., Breig, J., LeCompte, B., Kopal, M., Hursan, G., Mendez, F., Bliven, S., and Longo, J., 2009, Effective Geochemical and Geomechanical Characterization of Shale Gas Reservoirs from the Wellbore Environment: Caney and Woodford Shale, SPE 123231, SPE Annual Tech. Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, 4-7 October 2009.
35. Jarvie, D.M., Hill. R. J., Ruble, T. E., and Pollastro, R.M., 2007, Unconventional Shale-gas Systems: The Mississippian Barnett Shale of North-central Texas as One Model for Thermogenic Shale-gas Assessment, AAPG Bull. 91, p. 475-499.
36. Katz, B.J., and Pratt, L.M., eds., 1993, Petroleum Source Rocks in a Sequence-Stratigraphic Framework: AAPG Studies in Geology, 7, 247 pp.
37. Klimentidis, R., Lazar, O. R., Bohacs, K. M, Esch, W. L., and Pedersen, P., 2010, Integrated Petrography of Mudstones, AAPG 2010 Annual Convention, New Orleans, Louisiana, April 11-14.
38. Leckie, D. A., Singh, C., Goodarzi, F., and Wall, J. H., 1990, Organic-rich Radioactive Marine Shale: a Case Study of a Shallow-water Condensed Section, Cretaceous Shaftsbury Formation, Alberta, Canada, Jour. Sed. Pet. 60, p. 101-117.
39. Logan, B. E., Passow, U., Alldredge, A. L, Grossart, H. P., and Simon, M., 1995. Rapid Formation and Sedimentation of Large Aggregates is Predictable from Coagulation Rates (Half-lives) of Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP), Deep-Sea Res. II. 42, p. 203-214.
40. Loucks, R. G., Reed, R. M., Ruppel, S. C., and Jarvie, D. M., 2009, Morphology, Genesis, and Distribution of Nanometer-Scale Pores in Siliceous Mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett Shale, Jour. Sedimentary Research 79, p. 848-861.
41. Luffel, D.L., Guidry, F.K. and Curtis, J. B., 1992, Evaluation of Devonian Shale with New Core and Log Analysis Methods, J. Pet. Tech, Nov.: 1192-1197, SPE21297.
42. Luffel, D.L., and Guidry, F. K., 1992, New Core Analysis Methods for Measuring Reservoir Rock Properties of Devonian Shale, J. Pet. Tech, Nov. 1182-1190, SPE 20571.
43. Luffel, D. L., Hopkins, C W., Holditch, S. A., and Schettler, P. D., 1993, Matrix Permeability Measurement of Gas Productive Shales, SPE 26633, 261-270.
44. Merkel, R. H., and Gegg, J. F., 2008, NMR Log/Core Data in Tight Gas Sand Petrophysical Model Development, SPWLA Annual Symposium, Edinburgh, Scotland, 25-28, 2008, Paper CC.
45. Meyer, B. I., and Nederlof, M. H, 1984, Identification of Source Rocks on Wireline Logs by Density/Resistivity and Sonic Transit Time/Resistivity Cross plots, AAPG Bulletin, 68, p. 121-129.
46. Miskell-Gerhardt, K.J., 1989, Productivity, Preservation, and Cyclic Sedimentation within the Mowry Shale Depositional Sequence, Western Interior Seaway: unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Rice Univ., Houston, Texas, 432 p
47. Passey, Q., R., Dahlberg, K. E., Sullivan, K. B., Yin, H., Brackett, R. A., Xiao, Y. H., and Guzman-Garcia, A. G., 2006, Petrophysical Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Pore-Thickness in Thinly Bedded Clastic Reservoirs, AAPG Archie Series, No. 1, 210 pp.
48. Passey, Q. R., Creaney, S., Kulla, J. B., Moretti, F. J., and Stroud, J. D., 1990, A Practical Model for Organic Richeness from Porosity and Resistivity Logs, AAPG Bulletin, 74, p. 1777-1794.
49. Passow, U., Alldredge, A. L, and Logan, B. E., 1994. The Role of Particulate Carbohydrate Exudates in the Flocculation of Diatom Blooms. Deep-Sea Res. I. 41, p. 335-357.
50. Potter, P.E., Maynard, J.B., and Pryor, W.A., 1980, Sediment logy of Shale, New York, Springer-Verlag, 310 pp.
51. Ricken, W., 1993, Sedimentation in a Three-component System, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, 51.
52. Savarda, C.E., and Bottjer, D.J., 1986, Trace-fossil Model for Reconstruction of Paleo-oxygenation in Bottom Waters: Geology, 14, p. 3-6.
53. Savarda, C.E., and Bottjer, D.J., 1991, Oxygen-related Biofacies in Marine Strata: an Overview and Update, in Tyson, R.V., and Pearson, T.H., eds., Modern and Ancient Continental Shelf Anoxia: Geol. Soc. London, Special Publications 58, p. 201-219.
54. Schieber, J., Southard, J.B., and Thaisen, K., 2007, Accretion of Mudstone Beds from Migrating Floccule Ripples, Science, 318, p. 1760-1763.
55. Schwarzkopf, T.A., 1993, Model for Prediction of Organic Carbon in Possible Source Rocks, Marine and Petroleum Geochemistry, 10, p. 478-492.
56. Schwalbach, J.R., Bohacs, K.M., and Gorsline, D.S., 1993, Sediment Accumulation Rates in Distal Marine Settings: Western North American Continental Margins, in Armentrout, J.M., Bloch, R., Olson, H.C., and Perkins, Bob F., eds., Rates of Geological Processes: Tectonics, Sedimentation, Eustacy and Climate, Implications for Hydrocarbon Exploration: SEPM Foundation, Gulf Coast Section, Fourteenth Annual Research Conference, p. 229-233
57. Schwalbach, J.R., and Bohacs, K.M., 1992, Sequence Stratigraphy in Fine-grained Rocks: Examples from the Monterey Formation: SEPM, Pacific Section, Guidebook 70, 80 p.
58. Sondergeld, C. H., Ambrose, R. J., Rai,C. S., and Moncrieff, J., 2010a, Micro-Structural Studies of Gas Shales, SPE 131771, SPE Unconventional Gas Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 23-25 February, 2010.
59. Sondergeld, C. H., Newsham, K. E., Comisky, J. T., Rice, M. C., and Rai, C. S., 2010b, Petrophysical Considerations in Evaluating and Producing Shale Gas Resources, SPE 131768, SPE Unconventional Gas Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 23-25, 2010.
60. Spears, R., W., and Jackson, S.,L., 2009, Development of a Predictive Tool for Estimating Well Performance in Horizontal Shale Gas Wells in the Barnett Shale, North Texas, USA, Petrophysics, 50, p. 19-31.
61. Strakhov, N.M., 1971, Geochemical Evolution of the Black Sea in the Holocene: Lithology and Mineral Resources, 6, p. 263-274.
62. Summerhayes, C.P., and Masran, T.H., 1983, Organic Facies of Cretaceous and Jurassic Sediments form DSDP Site 534 in the Blake Bahama Basin, Western North America, in Sheridan, R.E., Gradstein, F., et al., eds., Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Program: Washington, D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office, 76, p. 469-480.
63. Tada, R., 1991, Origin of Rhythmical Bedding in Middle Miocene Siliceous Rocks of the Onnagawa Formation, Northern Japan: Jour. Sed. Pet., 61, p. 1123-1145.
64. Thyburg, B., Jahren, J., Winje, T., Bjorlykke, K., and Faleide, J. I., 2009, From Mud to Shale: Rock Stiffening by Microquartz Cementation, EAGE First Break, 27, February 2009, p. 53-59.
65. Tissot, B. P., and Weite, D. H., 1984, Petroleum Formation and Occurrence, Springer-Verlag: New York, 699 pp.
66. Tyson, R.V., 1995, Sedimentary Organic Matter; Organic Facies and Palynofacies: London, Chapman & Hall, 615 pp.
67. Tyson, R.V., 2001, Sedimentation Rate, Dilution, Preservation and Total Organic Carbon: Some Results of a Modeling Study, Organic Geochemistry, 32, p. 333-339.
68. Vanney, J. R., and Stanley, D. J., 1983, Shelfbreak Physiography: An Overview, in D. J. Stanley, & G. T. Moore eds., The Shelfbreak: Critical Interface on Continental Margins, SEPM Special Publication 33, p. 1-24.
69. van Rijn, L.C., 1984, Sediment Transport, Part II: Suspended Load Transport. Jour. Hydraulic Engineering, 110, p.1613-1641.
70. Waxman, M. H., and Smits, L. J. M, 1968, Electrical Conductivities in oil-bearing Shaly Sands, SPE Jour. 8, p. 107-122.
71. Werne, J. P., Sageman, B. B., Lyons, T. W., and Hollander, D. J., 2002, An Integrated Assessment of a "Type Euxinic" Deposit - Evidence for Multiple Controls on Black Shale Deposition in the Middle Devonian Oatka Creek Formation, Am. Jour. Science, 302, p. 110-143.
72. Wignall, P.B., 1991, Model for Transgressive Black Shales, Geology 19, p 167-170.
73. Wong, M. and Parker, G., 2006, Reanalysis and Correction of Bed-load Relation of Meyer-Peter and Mueller using Their Own Database. Jour. Hydraulic Engineering, 132, p.1159-1168.
74. Worthington, P. F., 1985, Evolution of Shaly Sand Concepts in Reservoir Evaluation, The Log Analyst, 26, p. 23-40.
75. Yang, Y., and Aplin, A.C, 2009, A Permeability-porosity Relationship for Mudstones, Marine and Petr. Geo., p 1-6.
76. Zhu, Y., Martinez, A., Liu, E., Harris, C., Xu, S., Payne, M. A., and Terrell, M., 2010, Understanding Geophysical Responses of Shale Gas Plays, EAGE Shale Workshop, Nice, France, 27 April, 2010.