Neoplastic meningitis from solid tumors: New diagnostic and therapeutic approaches

Oncologist

Volumn 16, Issue 8, 2011, Pages 1175-1188

  Lombardi, Giuseppe ^a   Zustovich, Fable ^a   Farina, Patrizia ^a   Puppa, Alessandro Della ^b   Manara, Renzo ^b   Cecchin, Diego ^c   Brunello, Antonella ^a   Cappetta, Alessandro ^a   Zagonel, Vittorina ^a  

^a VENETO INSTITUTE OF ONCOLOGY IOV IRCCS   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF PADOVA   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Brain tumors; Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis; Leptomeningeal disease; Neoplastic meningitis; Solid tumors; Targeted therapy

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; BEVACIZUMAB; BUSULFAN; CAPECITABINE; CARBOPLATIN; CISPLATIN; CYTARABINE; ERLOTINIB; ETOPOSIDE; FLOXURIDINE; GADOLINIUM; GANCICLOVIR; GEFITINIB; GEMCITABINE; IFOSFAMIDE; INTERLEUKIN 2; IRINOTECAN; METHOTREXATE; PACLITAXEL; PEMETREXED; SORAFENIB; TEMOZOLOMIDE; THIOTEPA; THYMIDINE KINASE; TOPOTECAN; TRASTUZUMAB;

ANEMIA; ARACHNOIDITIS; ARTICLE; ASEPTIC MENINGITIS; BACTERIAL MENINGITIS; BRAIN CANCER; BRAIN DISEASE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ANALYSIS; CHILL; COMPUTER ASSISTED EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; CRANIAL NEUROPATHY; CREATININE BLOOD LEVEL; DEMYELINATING DISEASE; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DRUG FEVER; DRUG MEGADOSE; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; FATIGUE; FLUID RETENTION; GASTROINTESTINAL TOXICITY; GENE THERAPY; HUMAN; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY; LEUKOPENIA; LUNG CANCER; LUNG NON SMALL CELL CANCER; LYMPHOCYTOPENIA; MELANOMA; MENINGITIS; MYELITIS; NAUSEA; NEOPLASTIC MENINGITIS; NEUTROPENIA; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SEPSIS; SIDE EFFECT; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; SKIN TOXICITY; SOLID TUMOR; SOMNOLENCE; STOMATITIS; SUBARACHNOID SPACE; SURVIVAL TIME; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; HUMANS; MENINGITIS; NEOPLASM METASTASIS; NEOPLASMS; SUBARACHNOID SPACE;

EID: 80052198656     PISSN: 10837159     EISSN: 1549490X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0101     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Clarke JL, Perez HR, Jacks LM et al. Leptomeningeal metastases in the MRI era. Neurology 2010;74:1449-1454.
2. Gleissner B, Chamberlain MC. Neoplastic meningitis. Lancet Neurol 2006; 5:443-452.
3. van der Ree TC, Dippel DW, Avezaat CJ et al. Leptomeningeal metastasis after surgical resection of brain metastases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999;66:225-227.
4. Groves MD. New strategies in the management of leptomeningeal metastases. Arch Neurol 2010;67:305-312.
5. Mammoser AG, Groves MD. Biology and therapy of neoplastic meningitis. Curr Oncol Rep 2010;12:41-49.
6. Chamberlain MC, Sandy AD, Press GA. Leptomeningeal metastasis: A comparison of gadolinium-enhanced MR and contrast-enhanced CT of the brain. Neurology 1990;40:435-438.
7. Freilich RJ, Krol G, DeAngelis LM. Neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid cytology in the diagnosis of leptomeningeal metastasis. Ann Neurol 1995; 38:51-57.
8. Straathof CS, de Bruin HG, Dippel DW et al. The diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid cytology in leptomeningeal metastasis. J Neurol 1999;246:810-814.
9. Komori T, Delbeke D. Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis and intramedullary spinal cord metastases from lung cancer: Detection with FDG positron emission tomography. Clin Nucl Med 2001;26:905-907.
10. Chawla M, Reddy R, Kumar R et al. PET-CT in detection of meningeal metastasis in neuroblastoma. Pediatr Surg Int 2009;25:211-215.
11. Chamberlain MC, Kormanik PA. Prognostic significance of 111indium-DTPA CSF flow studies in leptomeningeal metastases. Neurology 1996; 46:1674-1677.
12. Mason WP, Yeh SD, DeAngelis LM. 111Indium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid cerebrospinal fluid flow studies predict distribution of intrathecally administered chemotherapy and outcome in patients with leptomeningeal metastases. Neurology 1998;50:438-444.
13. Glantz MJ, Hall WA, Cole BF et al. Diagnosis, management, and survival of patients with leptomeningeal cancer based on cerebrospinal fluid-flow status. Cancer 1995;75:2919-2931.
14. Chamberlain MC. Leptomeningeal metastasis. Curr Opin Oncol 2010;22: 627-635.
15. Glass JP, Melamed M, Chernik NL et al. Malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): The meaning of a positive CSF cytology. Neurology 1979;29: 1369-1375.
16. Wasserstrom WR, Glass JP, Posner JB. Diagnosis and treatment of leptomeningeal metastases from solid tumors: Experience with 90 patients. Cancer 1982;49:759-772.
17. Chamberlain MC, Kormanik PA, Glantz MJ. A comparison between ventricular and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid cytology in adult patients with leptomeningeal metastases. Neuro Oncol 2001;3:42-45.
18. Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Evans LC, Bitter MA et al. Part II. Telomerase expression in cerebrospinal fluid specimens as an adjunct to cytologic diagnosis. J Neurol Sci 1998;161:124-134.
19. van Oostenbrugge RJ, Hopman AH, Arends JW et al. The value of interphase cytogenetics in cytology for the diagnosis of leptomeningeal metastases. Neurology 1998;51:906-908.
20. Herrlinger U, Wiendl H, Renninger M et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in leptomeningeal metastasis: Diagnostic and prognostic value. Br J Cancer 2004;91:219-224.
21. Groves MD, Hess KR, Puduvalli VK et al. Biomarkers of disease: Cerebrospinal fluid vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell derived factor (SDF)-1 levels in patients with neoplastic meningitis (NM) due to breast cancer, lung cancer and melanoma. J Neurooncol 2009;94: 229-234.
22. Hutterer M, Medinger M, Untergasser G et al. Dickkopf-3 (DKK-3) protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): A biomarker for neoplastic meningitis? J Clin Oncol 2010;28(suppl):Abstract e12517.
23. Miller AB, Hoogstraten B, Staquet M et al. Reporting results of cancer treatment. Cancer 1981;47:207-214.
24. Kiewe P, Thiel E, Reinwald M et al. Topotecan and ifosfamide systemic chemotherapy for CNS involvement of solid tumors. J Neurooncol 2011; 103:629-634.
25. Boogerd W, van den Bent MJ, Koehler PJ et al. The relevance of intraventricular chemotherapy for leptomeningeal metastasis in breast cancer: A randomised study. Eur J Cancer 2004;40:2726-2733.
26. Gilbert MR. Neoplastic meningitis: A unique disease process or a 'test tube' for evaluating cancer treatments? Curr Oncol Rep 2003;5:11-14.
27. Grossman SA, Krabak MJ. Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Cancer Treat Rev 1999;25:103-119.
28. Waki F, Ando M, Takashima A et al. Prognostic factors and clinical outcomes in patients with leptomeningeal metastasis from solid tumors. J Neurooncol 2009;93:205-212.
29. Chamberlain MC, Johnston SK, Glantz MJ. Neoplastic meningitis-related prognostic significance of the Karnofsky performance status. Arch Neurol 2009;66:74-78.
30. Gauthier H, Guilhaume MN, Bidard FC et al. Survival of breast cancer patients with meningeal carcinomatosis. Ann Oncol 2010;21:2183-2187.
31. Oechsle K, Lange-Brock V, Kruell A et al. Prognostic factors and treatment options in patients with leptomeningeal metastases of different primary tumors: A retrospective analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2010;136:1729-1735.
32. Rudnicka H, Niwinska A, Murawska M. Breast cancer leptomeningeal Metastasis-the role of multimodality treatment. J Neurooncol 2007;84: 57-62.
33. Bokstein F, Lossos A, Siegal T. Leptomeningeal metastases from solid tumors: A comparison of two prospective series treated with and without intra-cerebrospinal fluid chemotherapy. Cancer 1998;82:1756-1763.
34. Fleischhack G, Jaehde U, Bode U. Pharmacokinetics following intraventricular administration of chemotherapy in patients with neoplastic meningitis. Clin Pharmacokinet 2005;44:1-31.
35. Glantz MJ, Jaeckle KA, Chamberlain MC et al. A randomized controlled trial comparing intrathecal sustained-release cytarabine (DepoCyt) to intrathecal methotrexate in patients with neoplastic meningitis from solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res 1999;5:3394-3402.
36. Shapiro WR, Schmid M, Glantz M et al. A randomized phase III/IV study to determine benefit and safety of cytarabine liposome injection for treatment of neoplastic meningitis. J Clin Oncol 2006;24(18 suppl):1528.
37. Cole BF, Glantz MJ, Jaeckle KA et al. Quality-of-life-adjusted survival comparison of sustained-release cytosine arabinoside versus intrathecal methotrexate for treatment of solid tumor neoplastic meningitis. Cancer 2003;97:3053-3060.
38. Le Rhun E, Zairi F, Baranzelli M et al. Survival of a cohort of 25 breast cancer patients with neoplastic meningitis treated with intrathecal liposomal cytarabine. J Clin Oncol 2009;27(15 suppl):1109.
39. Gil-Bazo I, Rodriguez J, Espinos J et al. The safety and efficacy of intrathecal liposomal cytarabine in patients with carcinomatous meningitis from solid tumours. Eur J Cancer Suppl 2009;7:Abstract 501.
40. Groves MD, Glantz MJ, Chamberlain MC et al. A multicenter phase II trial of intrathecal topotecan in patients with meningeal malignancies. Neuro Oncol 2008;10:208-215.
41. Walker JG, Schultz DL, Grisdale KA et al. Case studies of patients receiving intraventricular topotecan for treatment of neoplastic meningitis. J Clin Oncol 2010;28(suppl):Abstract e12540.
42. Chamberlain MC, Tsao-Wei DD, Groshen S. Phase II trial of intracerebrospinal fluid etoposide in the treatment of neoplastic meningitis. Cancer 2006;106:2021-2027.
43. Gururangan S, Petros WP, Poussaint TY et al. Phase I trial of intrathecal spartaject busulfan in children with neoplastic meningitis: A Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium study (PBTC-004). Clin Cancer Res 2006;12: 1540-1546.
44. Bernardi RJ, Bomgaars L, Fox E et al. Phase I clinical trial of intrathecal gemcitabine in patients with neoplastic meningitis. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2008;62:355-361.
45. Nakagawa H, Miyahara E, Suzuki T et al. Continuous intrathecal administration of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine for the treatment of neoplastic meningitis. Neurosurgery 2005;57:266-280, discussion 266-280.
46. Ferrario C, Davidson A, Bouganim N et al. Intrathecal trastuzumab and thiotepa for leptomeningeal spread of breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2009;20: 792-795.
47. Platini C, Long J, Walter S. Meningeal carcinomatosis from breast cancer treated with intrathecal trastuzumab. Lancet Oncol 2006;7:778-780.
48. Allison DL, Glantz M, Werner TL et al. Intra-CSF trastuzumab in patients with neoplastic meningitis from breast cancer or primary brain tumors. J Clin Oncol 2009;27(suppl):Abstract 2066.
49. Chamberlain MC. A phase II trial of intra-cerebrospinal fluid alpha interferon in the treatment of neoplastic meningitis. Cancer 2002;94:2675-2680.
50. Papadopoulos NE, Gerber DL, Eton O et al. The role of intrathecal (IT) use of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in the treatment of leptomeningeal disease (LMD) in patients (pts) with melanoma. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 2002;21:Abstract 1408.
51. Heiss JD, Taha S, Oldfield EH et al. Intrathecal gene therapy for treatment of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. J Neurooncol 2010 Nov 26 [Epub ahead of print].
52. Sampson JH, Archer GE, Villavicencio AT et al. Treatment of neoplastic meningitis with intrathecal temozolomide. Clin Cancer Res 1999;5:1183-1188.
53. Sun JM, Nam MH, Chung JY et al. Safety and pharmacokinetics of intrathecal administration of pemetrexed in rats. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2010 Nov 25 [Epub ahead of print].
54. Ushio Y, Shimizu K, Aragaki Y et al. Alteration of blood-CSF barrier by tumor invasion into the meninges. J Neurosurg 1981;55:445-449.
55. Nakagawa H, Fujita T, Kubo S et al. Difference in CDDP penetration into CSF between selective intraarterial chemotherapy in patients with malignant glioma and intravenous or intracarotid administration in patients with metastatic brain tumor. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1996;37:317-326.
56. Glantz MJ, Cole BF, Recht L et al. High-dose intravenous methotrexate for patients with nonleukemic leptomeningeal cancer: Is intrathecal chemotherapy necessary? J Clin Oncol 1998;16:1561-1567.
57. Tetef ML, Margolin KA, Doroshow JH et al. Pharmacokinetics and toxicity of high-dose intravenous methotrexate in the treatment of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2000;46:19-26.
58. Chua D, Krzakowski M, Chouaid C et al. Whole-brain radiation therapy plus concomitant temozolomide for the treatment of brain metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer: A randomized, open-label phase II study. Clin Lung Cancer 2010;11:176-181.
59. Siena S, Crinoò L, Danova M et al. Dose-dense temozolomide regimen for the treatment of brain metastases from melanoma, breast cancer, or lung cancer not amenable to surgery or radiosurgery: A multicenter phase II study. Ann Oncol 2010;21:655-661.
60. Stupp R, Mason WP, van den Bent MJ et al. Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma. NEngl J Med 2005;352:987-996.
61. Perez Segura P, Gil M, Balana C et al. Phase II trial of temozolomide for leptomeningeal metastases: Safety and activity analysis. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28(suppl):Abstract e12528.
62. Davis TH, Fadul CE, Glantz MJ et al. Pilot phase II trial of temozolomide for leptomeningeal metastases: Preliminary report. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 2003;22:Abstract 460.
63. Melisko ME, Anderson M, Scott J et al. Phase II study of irinotecan (IN) and temozolomide (TMZ) in breast cancer patients (pts) with brain metas-tases (BM) or leptomeningeal disease (LMD) that has progressed after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or whole brain radiation (WBRT). J Clin Oncol 2008;26(suppl):Abstract 237.
64. Hoffmann AL, Buhk JH, Strik H. Neoplastic meningitis from breast cancer: Feasibility and activity of long-term intrathecal liposomal Ara-C combined with dose-dense temozolomide. Anticancer Res 2009;29:5191-5195.
65. Lombardi G, Zustovich F, Della Puppa A et al. Cisplatin and temozolomide combination in the treatment of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from ethmoid sinus intestinal-type adenocarcinoma. J Neurooncol 2010 Dec 8 [Epub ahead of print].
66. Salmaggi A, Silvani A, Eoli M et al. Temozolomide and cisplatin in the treatment of leptomeningeal metastatic involvement from melanoma: A case report. Neurol Sci 2002;23:257-258.
67. Michotte A, Chaskis C, Sadones J et al. Primary leptomeningeal anaplastic oligodendroglioma with a 1p36-19q13 deletion: Report of a unique case successfully treated with temozolomide. J Neurol Sci 2009;287:267-270.
68. Giglio P, Tremont-Lukats IW, Groves MD. Response of neoplastic meningitis from solid tumors to oral capecitabine. J Neurooncol 2003;65:167-172.
69. Tham YL, Hinckley L, Teh BS et al. Long-term clinical response in leptomeningeal metastases from breast cancer treated with capecitabine monotherapy: A case report. Clin Breast Cancer 2006;7:164-166.
70. Paydas S, Bicakci K, Yavuz S. Dramatic response with capecitabine after cranial radiation to the brain parenchymal and leptomeningeal metastases from lung cancer. Eur J Intern Med 2009;20:96-99.
71. Hashimoto N, Imaizumi K, Honda T et al. Successful re-treatment with gefitinib for carcinomatous meningitis as disease recurrence of non-smallcell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2006;53:387-390.
72. Kumamoto T, Suetsugu T, Iwakawa J et al. [A case of meningeal carcinomatosis of lung adenocarcinoma well controlled by re-treatment with gefitinib]. Gan to Kagaku Ryoho 2009;36:2615-2617. In Japanese.
73. Sakai M, Ishikawa S, Ito H et al. Carcinomatous meningitis from nonsmall-cell lung cancer responding to gefitinib. Int J Clin Oncol 2006;11: 243-245.
74. Dhruva N, Socinski MA. Carcinomatous meningitis in non-small-cell lung cancer: Response to high-dose erlotinib. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:e31-e32.
75. Platini C. [Trastuzumab and blood-brain barrier]. Bull Cancer 2007;94: 857-859.In French.
76. Robins HI, Liu G, Hayes L et al. Trastuzumab for breast cancer-related carcinomatous meningitis. Clin Breast Cancer 2002;2:316.
77. Pestalozzi BC, Brignoli S. Trastuzumab in CSF. J Clin Oncol 2000;18: 2349-2351.
78. Baculi RH, Suki S, Nisbett J et al. Meningeal carcinomatosis from breast carcinoma responsive to trastuzumab. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:3297-3298.
79. Stemmler HJ, Schmitt M, Willems A et al. Ratio of trastuzumab levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid is altered in HER2-positive breast cancer patients with brain metastases and impairment of blood-brain barrier. Anticancer Drugs 2007;18:23-28.
80. Shigekawa T, Takeuchi H, Misumi M et al. Successful treatment of leptomeningeal metastases from breast cancer using the combination of trastuzumab and capecitabine: A case report. Breast Cancer 2009;16:88-92.
81. Ranze O, Hofmann E, Distelrath A et al. Renal cell cancer presented with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis effectively treated with sorafenib. Onkologie 2007;30:450-451.
82. Dalhaug A, Haukland E, Nieder C. Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from renal cell cancer: Treatment attempt with radiation and sunitinib (case report). World J Surg Oncol 2010;8:36.
83. Soffietti R, Akerley W, Jensen RL et al. The role of intra-cerebrospinal fluid treatment and prophylaxis in patients with solid tumors. Semin Oncol 2009;36(suppl 2):S55-S68.
84. Passarin MG, Moretto G, Musso AM et al. Intrathecal liposomal cytarabine in combination with temozolomide in low-grade oligoastrocytoma with leptomeningeal dissemination. J Neurooncol 2010;97:439-444.