The villages of Park DuValle, Louisville

From Despair to Hope: Hope VI and the New Promise of Public Housing in America's Cities

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 121-141

  Engdahl, Lora ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 80052162086     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (25)

1. Hunt Helm, "The Meanest Street Corner in Louisville", Louisville Courier-Journal, October 5, 1986, p. 1.
2. "Hidden Markets for Urban Homes" and "Growth in TND Steady, but Slower; Neotraditional Home Sales Strong", New Urban News, September-October 1999.
3. "Park DuValle Neighborhood Transformation: An Application for HOPE VI Funding", Housing Authority of Louisville, September 10, 1996, pp. 7, 9.
4. Housing Authority of Louisville Application for Demolition of Public Housing Projects Cotter Homes (KY 1-6) and Lang Homes (KY 1-9), February 14, 1995, p. 1. According to housing authority officials, the statistics are for police district 2, whose boundaries have changed since the merger of the city and county governments in 2003. The figure for violent crimes includes domestic violence.
5. "Park DuValle Neighborhood Transformation", p. 7.
6. "Park DuValle Neighborhood Transformation", p. 9.
7. As explained in the Housing Authority of Louisville's "Board Resolution for Submission of HOPE VI Application", August 20, 1996, the authority had begun preparing an application for HOPE VI funding in 1994 but was informed that it was not yet eligible to apply because HOPE VI was limited to the forty largest U. S. cities. HUD encouraged the authority to submit instead an application for demolition or disposition of Cotter and Lang and to apply for HUD Development Program funds. HUD had a surplus of appropriated funds, which was awarded to Louisville after the mayor made the case for Louisville's need in the face of the failed empowerment zone application.
8. "Hidden Markets for Urban Homes", New Urban News, September-October 1999, p. 2.
9. "Growth in TND Steady, but Slower; Neotraditional Home Sales Strong", p. 5.
10. Forty-three percent of the buyers in the first phase were households making less than 80 percent of AMI, another 27 percent were households making 81 to 115 percent of AMI, and 30 percent were families with incomes of more than 115 percent of AMI. Mindy Turbov and Valerie Piper, "HOPE VI and Mixed-Finance Redevelopments: A Catalyst for Neighborhood Renewal", Brookings Institution Metropolitan Policy Program, September 2005, p. 35 (www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/rc/reports/2005/09metropolitanpolicy-piper/ 20050913-hopevi.pdf [July 4, 2008]).
11. Michael L. Jones, "The Rebirth of Park DuValle", Louisville Magazine, November 1999, p. 54.
12. The school was lauded for its function as a neighborhood hub, and the design of the complex was praised for its three facades, each of which is different, letting visitors know whether they are approaching the elementary school, health clinic, or preschool. "Carter-DuValle Education Center: Historic School Building Finds New Role as Center of Community" (www.richardrileyaward.org/en/School.asp?intSchoolID=1 [May 8, 2008]).
13. Figures for current rental sizes and rates come from the author's conversation with Wavid Wray, deputy executive director, Finance Cabinet, Louisville Metro Housing Authority, and with Darnell Jackson, senior project manager, Community Builders, Inc., June 5, 2008. The percent increase is determined by comparing current rental rates with initial lease-up rates of $425-$680, provided by Turbov and Piper in "HOPE VI and Mixed-Finance Redevelopments", p. 34. The percent increase in rental rates is skewed low because the least expensive, smallest units (the senior units) were not completed when the initial lease-up rates were determined.
14. Source for first-phase home sale prices is Turbov and Piper, "HOPE VI and Mixed-Finance Redevelopments", p. 35.
15. Marcus Green, "Urban Areas See Biggest Gains in Property Value", Courier-Journal, June 5, 2007. According to Michael Price, Kentucky state demographer with the Urban Studies Institute at the University of Louisville, the university's data on median home values were much more inclusive than census data because the university looked at the tax assessment universe, which incudes vacant properties.
16. For the crime drop of 82 percent and the time periods covered, see Turbov and Piper, "HOPE VI and Mixed-Finance Redevelopments", pp. 27-28. For clarification on the numbers of crimes that informed Turbov and Piper's findings
17. see Patrick E. Clancy, "Public Housing in the Competitive Market Place: Do Affordable and Public Housing Developments Benefit from Private Market and Other Financial Tools?" testimony before the House Government Reform Subcommittee on Federalism and the Census, May 23, 2006. See www.tcbinc.org/whats-new/Pat-Clancy-Congressional-Testimony.pdf
18. www.brookings.edu/~media/Files/rc/reports/2005/09metropolitanpolicy- piper/20050913-hopevi.pdf.
19. Green, "Urban Areas See Biggest Gains in Property Value." According to the Green article, the city invested more than $26 million from such sources as community development block grants and direct budget appropriations in the Russell neighborhood. Residential builder Argie Dale was quoted as saying that he used to build tax credit housing in Russell but had since developed five properties without tax credits.
20. Jones, "The Rebirth of Park DuValle", pp. 53, 57.
21. Comments by Powers and Hudson are from Jones, "The Rebirth of Park DuValle", p. 56.
22. Michael Brazley and John I. Gilderbloom, "HOPE VI Housing Program: Was It Effective?" American Journal of Economics and Sociology, April 1, 2007 (www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-164949331.html). Although the numbers that Brazley and Gilderbloom based their conclusions on differed from the numbers provided in note 45 above (according to the housing authority, Brazley and Gilderbloom used numbers from earlier in the relocation data collection process), both sets of numbers showed similar patterns; most important were the small shares of residents who returned to the redeveloped site.
23. Larry Buron and others, The HOPE VI Resident Tracking Study: A Snapshot of the Current Living Situation of Original Residents from Eight Sites (Cambridge, Mass.: Abt Associates and Urban Institute, 2002) p. 41. According to the authors, Beecher Terrace "is in a census tract with a poverty rate that, at 84 percent, is even higher than the 1990 poverty rate for Cotter and Lang."
24. Among the criteria for public housing residency is that heads of household who are able to work must be employed or participating in a job training program or the authority's self-sufficiency program; have a record of timely rent payments and a clean police report; and pass housekeeping inspections and credit checks. At the time of the Abt Associates and Urban Institute study, nearly 150 former residents who had applied did not succeed in returning. Buron and others, The HOPE VI Resident Tracking Study, p. 38.
25. Brazley and Gilderbloom, "HOPE VI Housing Program: Was It Effective?"