Investigation on heavy crude-water two phase flow and related flow characteristics

International Journal of Multiphase Flow

Volumn 37, Issue 9, 2011, Pages 1156-1164

  Wang, Wei ^a,b   Gong, Jing ^a   Angeli, Panagiota ^c  

^a CHINA UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM   (China)

^b CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM CORPORATION   (China)

^c UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Flow patterns; Heavy crude water; Natural surfactants; Transition characters; W o emulsion

Indexed keywords

ANNULAR FLOWS; CROSS SECTION; CRUDE OIL SYSTEM; FILM DRAINAGE; FLOW CHARACTERISTIC; HEAVY CRUDE OIL; HEAVY CRUDE OIL-WATER FLOW; HEAVY CRUDE-WATER; HIGH WATER; LOCAL SAMPLING; LOW WATER; MIXTURE VELOCITY; NATURAL SURFACTANTS; OIL SYSTEM; OIL-IN-WATER; PIPE WALLS; PRESSURE DROP MEASUREMENTS; STEEL TESTS; TEST FLUIDS; TRANSITION CHARACTERS; VISUAL OBSERVATIONS; W/O EMULSION; WATER DROP; WATER FRACTION; WATER IN OIL EMULSIONS; WATER LAYERS; WATER/OIL INTERFACES;

CRUDE OIL; EMULSIFICATION; EMULSIONS; FLOW PATTERNS; MIXTURES; OIL FIELDS; PIPE; PRESSURE DROP; STAINLESS STEEL; SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS; TWO PHASE FLOW; VELOCITY; VISCOSITY;

HEAVY WATER;

EID: 80052083683     PISSN: 03019322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2011.05.011     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Angeli P., Hewitt G.F. Flow structure in horizontal oil-water flow. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 2000, 26:1117-1140.
2. Arirachakarn, S., Oglesby, K.D., Brill, J.P., et al., 1989. An analysis of oil/water flow phenomena in horizontal pipes. SPE 18836.
3. Arney M.S., Ribeiro G.S., Guevara E., Bai R., Joseph D.D. Cement-lined pipes for water lubricated transport of heavy oil. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 1996, 22:207-221.
4. Balakhrisna T., Ghosh S., Das G., Das P.K. Oil-water flows through sudden contraction and expansion in a horizontal pipe-phase distribution and pressure drop. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 2010, 36:13-24.
5. Bannwart A.C. Modeling aspects of oil-water core-annular flows. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2001, 32:127-143.
6. Bannwart A.C., Rodriguez O.M.H., de Carlos C.H.M., Wang I.S., Obregon V.R.M. Flow patterns in heavy crude oil-water flow. J. Energy Resource Technol. ASME 2004, 126:184-189.
7. Bannwart A.C., Rodriguez O.M.H., Trevisan F.E., Vieira F.F., de Carvalho C.H.M. Experimental investigation on liquid-liquid-gas flow: flow patterns and pressure-gradient. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2009, 65:1-13.
8. Caserta S., Sabetta L., Simeone M., Guido S. Shear induced coalescence in aqueous biopolymer systems. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2005, 60:1019-1027.
9. Chakrabarti D.P., Das G., Das P.K. Identification of stratified liquid-liquid flow through horizontal pipes by a non-intrusive optical probe. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2007, 62:1861-1876.
10. Charles M.E., Govier G.W., Hodgson G.W. The horizontal pipeline flow of equal density oil-water mixture. Can. J. Chem. Eng. 1961, 39:27-36.
11. da Silva R.C.R., Mohamed R.S., Bannwart A.C. Wettability alteration of internal surfaces of pipelines for use in the transportation of heavy oil via core-flow. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2006, 51:17-25.
12. Davies G.A. Mixing and coalescence phenomena in liquid-liquid systems. Science and Practice of Liquid-Liquid Extraction 1992, Clarendon Press, Oxford. J.D. Thornton (Ed.).
13. Ekholm P., Blomberg E., Claesson P., Auflem I.H., Sjöblom J., Kornfeldt A. A quartz crystal microbalance study of the adsorption of asphaltenes and resins onto a hydrophilic surface. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2002, 247:342-350.
14. Farah M.A., Oliveira R.C., Caldas J.N., Rajagopal K. Viscosity of water-in-oil emulsions: variation with temperature and water volume fraction. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2005, 48:169-184.
15. Giribabu K., Ghosh P. Adsorption of nonionic surfactants at fluid-fluid interfaces: importance in the coalescence of bubbles and drops. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2007, 62:3057-3067.
16. Grassi B., Strazza D., Poesio P. Experimental validation of theoretical models in two-phase high-viscosity ratio liquid-liquid flows in horizontal and slightly inclined pipes. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 2008, 34:950-965.
17. Huang A., Christodoulou C., Joseph D.D. Friction factor and holdup studies for lubricated pipelining-II. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 1994, 20:481-491.
18. Hudson S.D., Jamieson A.M., Burkhart B.E. The effect of surfactant on the efficiency of shear-induced drop coalescence. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2003, 265:409-421.
19. Ioannou K., Nydal O.J., Angeli P. Phase inversion in dispersed liquid-liquid flows. Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 2005, 29:331-339.
20. Johnsen E.E., Rønningsen H.P. Viscosity of 'live' water-in-crude-oil emulsions: experimental work and validation of correlations. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2003, 38:23-36.
21. Kvandal, H., Søntvedt, T., 1995. Frictional pressure loss for stable oil-water emulsions in pipe flow. In: Proc. of Two-Phase Flow Modeling and Experimentation, October 9-11, 1995, Rome, Italy.
22. Leal L.G. Flow induced coalescence of drops in a viscous fluid. Phys. Fluids 2004, 16:1833-1851.
23. Lovick J., Angeli P. Experimental studies on the dual continuous flow pattern in oil-water flows. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 2004, 30:139-157.
24. Nädler M., Mewes D. Flow induced emulsification in the flow of two immiscible liquids in horizontal pipes, Int. J. Multiphase Flow 1997, 23:55-68.
25. Nandi A., Khakhar D.V., Mehra A. Coalescence in surfactant stabilized emulsion subjected to shear flow. Langmuir 2001, 17:2647-2655.
26. Oglesby, K.D., 1979. An experimental study on the effects of oil viscosity, mixture velocity, and water fractions on horizontal oil-water flow, MS Thesis, The University of Tulsa.
27. Oliemans R.V.A., Ooms G. Core-annular Flow of Oil and Water through a Pipeline. Multiphase Science and Technology 1986, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, Washington, DC, (Chapter 2).
28. Ooms G., Vuik C., Poesio P. Core-annular flow through a horizontal pipe: hydrodynamic counterbalancing of buoyancy force on core. Phys. Fluids 2007, 19:092103.
29. Pal R. Pipeline flow of unstable and surfactant-stabilised emulsions. AIChE J. 1993, 39:1754-1764.
30. Parda V.J.W., Bannwart A.C. Modeling of vertical core-annular flows and application to heavy oil production. J. Energy Resource Technol. ASME 2001, 123:194-199.
31. Piela K., Delfos R., Ooms G., Westerweel J., Oliemans R.V.A. On the phase inversion process in an oil-water pipe flow. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 2008, 34:950-965.
32. Poesio P. Experimental determination of pressure drop and statistical properties of oil-water intermittent flow through horizontal pipe. Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 2008, 32:1523-1529.
33. Poesio P., Strazza D., Sotgia G. Very-viscous-oil/water/air flow through horizontal pipes: pressure drop measurement and prediction. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2009, 64:1136-1142.
34. Rodriguez O.M.H., Bannwart A.C., de Carvalho C.H.M. Pressure loss in core-annular flow: modeling, experimental investigation and full-scale experiments. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2009, 65:67-75.
35. Rother M.A., Davis R.H. The effect of slight deformation on droplet coalescence in linear flow. Phys. Fluids 2001, 13:1178-1190.
36. Santos R.G., Mohamed R.S., Bannwart A.C., Loh W. Contact angle measurements and wetting behavior of inner surfaces of pipelines exposed to heavy crude oil and water. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2006, 51:9-16.
37. Simmons M.J.H., Azzopardi B.J. Drop size distributions in dispersed liquid-liquid pipe flow. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 2001, 27:843-859.
38. Sotgia, G., Tartarini, P., 2001. Experimental and theoretical investigation on pressure drop reductions in oil water flows. In: 4th International Conference of Multiphase Flow, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, May 27-June 1.
39. Sotgia G., Tartarini P., Stalio E. Experimental analysis of flow regimes and pressure drop reduction in oil-water mixtures. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 2008, 34:1161-1174.
40. Tadros T.F. Correlation of viscoelastic properties of stable and flocculated suspensions with their interparticle interactions. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 68:97-200.
41. Trallero, J.L., Intevep, S.A., Brill, J.P., et al., 1996. A Study of Oil-Water Flow Patterns in Horizontal Pipes, SPE36609.
42. Wang, W., 2009. Investigation of crude oil and water two phase flow and rheological properties of water-in-crude oil Emulsion, PhD Thesis, China University of Petroleum (Beijing).
43. Wang W., Gong J. Experiment research of phase inversion in mineral oil-water two-phase flow in horizontal pipe. J. Energy Resource Technol. ASME 2009, 131:043001.
44. Wang W., Gong J., Ngan K.H., Angeli P. Effect of glycerol on the binary coalescence of water drops in stagnant oil phase. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 2009, 87:1640-1648.
45. Yang L., Azzopardi B.J. Phase split of liquid-liquid two phase flow at a horizontal T-junction. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 2007, 33:207-216.
46. Yarranton H.W. The stabilization of water-in-hydrocarbon emulsions by asphaltenes and resins. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2001, 241:469-487.
47. Yeung A., Moran K., Masliyah J., Czarnecki J. Shear-induced coalescence of emulsified oil droplets, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2003, 265:439-443.