Psychological and social correlates of HIV status disclosure: The significance of stigma visibility

AIDS Education and Prevention

Volumn 23, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 382-392

  Stutterheim, Sarah E ^a   Bos, Arjan E R ^a   Pryor, John B ^b   Brands, Ronald ^c   Liebregts, Maartje ^c   Schaalma, Herman P ^a  

^a MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b ILLINOIS STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c National Institute for STI and AIDS Control in the Netherlands   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DISTRESS SYNDROME; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NONHUMAN; SAMPLE; SELF ESTEEM; SOCIAL ASPECT; SOCIAL SUPPORT; STIGMA;

EID: 80052046000     PISSN: 08999546     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1521/aeap.2011.23.4.382     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Alonzo, A. A., & Reynolds, N. R. (1995). Stigma, HIV and AIDS: An exploration and elaboration of a stigma trajectory. Social Science and Medicine, 41(3), 303-315.
2. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
3. Bing, E. G., Burnam, M. A., Longshore, D., Fleishman, J. A., Sherbourne, C. D., London, A. S., et al. (2001). Psychiatric disorders and drug use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults in the United States. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58(8), 721-728.
4. Black, B. P., & Miles, M. S. (2002). Calculating the risks and benefits of disclosure in African American women who have HIV. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 31(6), 688-697.
5. Bos, A. E. R., Dijker, A. J. M., & Koomen, W. (2007). Sex differences in emotional and behavioral responses to HIV+ individuals' expression of distress. Psychology and Health, 22(4), 493-511.
6. Bos, A. E. R., Kanner, D., Muris, P., Janssen, B., & Mayer, B. (2009). Mental illness stigma and disclosure: Consequences of coming out of the closet. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 30(8), 509-513.
7. Bos, A. E. R., Kok, G., & Dijker, A. J. (2001). Public reactions to people with HIV/AIDS in the Netherlands. AIDS Education and Prevention, 13(3), 219-228.
8. Bos, A. E. R., Schaalma, H. P., & Pryor, J. B. (2008). Reducing AIDS-related stigma in developing countries: The importance of theory- and evidence-based interventions. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 13(4), 450-460.
9. Brown, L., Macintyre, K., & Trujillo, L. (2003). Interventions to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma: What have we learned? AIDS Education and Prevention, 15(1), 49-69.
10. Buzzella, B. A., Beals, K., & Peplau, L. A. (2003). The impact of voluntary disclosure on the psychological well-being of homosexual individuals. UCLA Undergraduate Psychology Journal, 2(1).
11. Chesney, M. A., & Smith, A. W. (1999). Critical delays in HIV testing and care: The potential role of stigma. American Behavioral Scientist, 42(7), 1162-1174.
12. Corrigan, P. W., & Matthews, A. K. (2003). Stigma and disclosure: Implications for coming out of the closet. Journal of Mental Health, 12(3), 235-248.
13. Crocker, J., Major, B., & Steele, C. (1998). Social stigma. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (4th ed., Vol. 1 & 2, pp. 504-553). New York: McGraw-Hill.
14. Derlega, V. J., Winstead, B. A., Oldfield, I. E., & Barbee, A. P. (2003). Close relationships and social support in coping with HIV: A test of sensitive interaction systems theory. AIDS and Behavior, 7(2), 119-129.
15. Frable, D. E. S., Platt, L., & Hoey, S. (1998). Concealable stigmas and positive self-perceptions: Feeling better around similar others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(4), 909-922.
16. Goffman, I. (1963). Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. Eaglewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
17. Greenberg, M. A., & Stone, A. A. (1992). Emotional disclosure about traumas and its relation to health: Effects of previous disclosure and trauma severity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(1), 75-84.
18. Heckman, T. G., Anderson, E. S., Sikkema, K. J., Kochman, A., Kalichman, S. C., & Anderson, T. (2004). Emotional distress in non-metropolitan persons living with HIV disease enrolled in a telephone-delivered, coping improvement group intervention. Health Psychology, 23(1), 94-100.
19. Joachim, G., & Acorn, S. (2000). Living with chronic illness: The interface of stigma and normalization. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, 32(3), 37-48.
20. Jones, E., Farina, A., Hastorf, A., Markus, H., Miller, D., & Scott, R. (1984). Social stigma: The psychology of marked relationships. New York: W.H. Freeman.
21. Kalichman, S. C., DiMarco, M., Austin, J., Luke, W., & DiFonzo, K. (2003). Stress, social support, and HIV-status disclosure to family and friends among HIV-positive men and women. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 26(4), 315-332.
22. Kempen, G. I. J. M., & Van Eijk, L. M. (1995). The psychometric properties of he SSL12-I, a short scale for measuring social support in the elderly. Social Indicators Research, 35(3), 303-312.
23. Lam, P. K., Naar-King, S., & Wright, K. (2007). Social support and disclosure as predictors of mental health in HIV-positive youth. AIDS Patient Care and STDS, 21(1), 20-29.
24. Lee, J. D., & Craft, E. A. (2002). Protecting one's self from a stigmatized disease...once one has it. Deviant Behavior, 23(3), 267-299.
25. Li, L., Lee, S. J., Thammawijaya, P., Jiraphongsa, C., & Rotheram-Borus, M. J. (2009). Stigma, social support, and depression among people living with HIV in Thailand. AIDS Care, 21(8), 1007-1013.
26. Major, B., & O'Brien, L. T. (2005). The social psychology of stigma. Annual Review of Psychology, 56, 393-421.
27. Pachankis, J. E. (2007). The psychological implications of concealing a stigma: A cognitive affective-behavioral model. Psychological Bulletin, 133(2), 328-345.
28. Paxton, S. (2002). The paradox of public HIV disclosure. AIDS Care, 14(4), 559-567.
29. Pence, B. W., Miller, W. C., Whetten, K., Eron, J. J., & Gaynes, B. N. (2006). Prevalence of DSM-IV-defined mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders in an HIV clinic in the Southeastern United States. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 42(3), 298-306.
30. Pennebaker, J. W., Colder, M., & Sharp, L. K. (1990). Accelerating the coping process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(3), 528-537.
31. Quinn, D. M. (2006). Concealable versus conspicuous stigmatized identities. In S. Levin & C. van Laar (Eds.), Stigma and group inequality: Social psychological approaches (pp. 83-103). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
32. Remennick, L. (2000). Childless in the land of imperative motherhood: Stigma and coping among infertile Israeli women. Sex Roles, 43(11), 821-841.
33. Reynolds, N. R., Neidig, J. L., Wu, A. W., Gifford, A. L., & Holmes, W. C. (2006). Balancing disfigurement and fear of disease progression: Patient perceptions of HIV body fat redistribution. AIDS Care, 18(7), 663-673.
34. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
35. Rosenthal, T. L., Downs, J. M., Arheart, K. L., & Deal, N. (1991). Similarities and differences on five inventories among mood and anxiety disorder patients. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 29(3), 239-247.
36. Sanches, R. S., Mill, J., Machado, A. A., Donadi, E. A., & Morais Fernandes, A. P. (2009). Facial lipoatrophy: Appearances are not deceiving. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 20(3), 169-175.
37. Schmitt, D. P., & Allik, J. (2005). Simultaneous administration of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in 53 nations: Exploring the universal and culture-specific features of global selfesteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(4), 623-642.
38. Smart, L., & Wegner, D. M. (1999). Covering up what can't be seen: Concealable stigma and mental control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(3), 474-486.
39. Smith, R., Rossetto, K., & Peterson, B. L. (2008). A meta-analysis of disclosure of one's HIV positive status, stigma and social support. AIDS Care, 20(10), 1266-1275.
40. Steward, W. T., Herek, G. M., Ramakrishna, J., Bharat, S., Chandy, S., Wrubel, J., et al. (2008). HIV-related stigma: Adapting a theoretical framework for use in India. Social Science and Medicine, 67(8), 1225-1235.
41. Stutterheim, S. E., Pryor, J. B., Bos, A. E., Hoogendijk, R., Muris, P., & Schaalma, H. P. (2009). HIV-related stigma and psychological distress: The harmful effects of specific stigma manifestations in various social settings. AIDS, 23(17), 2353-2357.
42. Ullrich, P. M., Lutgendorf, S. K., & Stapleton, J. T. (2003). Concealment of homosexual identity, social support and CD4 cell count among HIV-seropositive gay men. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 54(3), 205-212.
43. Veit, C. T., & Ware, J. E. (1983). The structure of psychological distress and well-being in general populations. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51(5), 730-742.