Remission in schizophrenia: A community-based 6-year follow-up study in Bali

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences

Volumn 65, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 476-482

  Kurihara, Toshiyuki ^a   Kato, Motoichiro ^b   Reverger, Robert ^c   Tirta, I Gusti Rai ^d  

^a Komagino Hospital   (Japan)

^b KEIO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

^c University of Udayana   (Indonesia)

^d Bangli Mental Hospital   (Indonesia)

Author keywords

developing countries; outcome assessments; remission; schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HUMAN; INDONESIA; MALE; NEGATIVE SYNDROME; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SYNDROME SCALE; REMISSION; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

ADULT; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; INDONESIA; MALE; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; REMISSION INDUCTION; REMISSION, SPONTANEOUS; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SCHIZOPHRENIC PSYCHOLOGY;

EID: 80051960453     PISSN: 13231316     EISSN: 14401819     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2011.02246.x     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Bellack AS,. Scientific and consumer models of recovery in schizophrenia: concordance, contrasts, and implications. Schizophr. Bull. 2006; 32: 432-442. (Pubitemid 43992317)
2. Jobe TH, Harrow M,. Long-term outcome of patients with schizophrenia: a review. Can. J. Psychiatry 2005; 50: 892-900. (Pubitemid 43161743)
3. De Hert M, van Winkel R, Wampers M, Kane J, van Os J, Peuskens J,. Remission criteria for schizophrenia: evaluation in a large naturalistic cohort. Schizophr. Res. 2007; 92: 68-73. (Pubitemid 46561226)
4. Andreasen NC, Carpenter WT Jr, Kane JM, Lasser RA, Marder SR, Weinberger DR,. Remission in schizophrenia: proposed criteria and rationale for consensus. Am. J. Psychiatry 2005; 162: 441-449. (Pubitemid 40343909)
5. Ciudad A, Alvarez E, Bobes J, San L, Polavieja P, Gilaberte I,. Remission in schizophrenia: results from a 1-year follow-up observational study. Schizophr. Res. 2009; 108: 214-222.
6. Lasser RA, Bossie CA, Gharabawi GM, Kane JM,. Remission in schizophrenia: results from a 1-year study of long-acting risperidone injection. Schizophr. Res. 2005; 77: 215-227. (Pubitemid 41112215)
7. van Os J, Drukker M, à Campo J, Meijer J, Bak M, Delespaul P,. Validation of remission criteria for schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry 2006; 163: 2000-2002. (Pubitemid 44807793)
8. Helldin L, Kane JM, Karilampi U, Norlander T, Archer T,. Remission in prognosis of functional outcome: a new dimension in the treatment of patients with psychotic disorders. Schizophr. Res. 2007; 93: 160-168. (Pubitemid 46817925)
9. Llorca PM, Lançon C, Lancrenon S, et al,. The 'Functional Remission of General Schizophrenia' (FROGS) scale: development and validation of a new questionnaire. Schizophr. Res. 2009; 113: 218-225.
10. Kurihara T, Kato M, Reverger R, Tirta IGR, Kashima H,. Never-treated patients with schizophrenia in the developing country of Bali. Schizophr. Res. 2005; 79: 307-313. (Pubitemid 41457271)
11. World Bank. World Bank list of economies. 2011. [Cited 1 July 2011.] Available from URL: (last accessed 1 July 2011).
12. Endicott J, Andreasen NC, Spitzer RL,. Family History-Research Diagnostic Criteria (FH-RDC), 3rd edn. New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, 1978.
13. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edn. revised, (DSM-III-R). APA, Washington, DC, 1987.
14. Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Gibbon M, First MB,. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC, 1990.
15. Kurihara T, Kato M, Reverger R, Yagi G,. Clinical outcome of patients with schizophrenia without maintenance treatment in a non-industrialized society. Schizophr. Bull. 2002; 28: 515-524. (Pubitemid 36193869)
16. Kay SR, Opler LA,. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Rating Manual. Social and Behavioral Sciences Documents, San Rafael, CA, 1987.
17. Salan R, Budiman R, Bastaman TK, et al,. PANSS di Indonesia-validitas dan reliabilitas. In: Pedoman Definisi PANSS. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Indonesia University, Jakarta, 1994; (in Indonesian).
18. Ogawa K, Miya M, Watarai A, Nakazawa M, Yuasa S, Utena H,. A long-term follow-up study of schizophrenia in Japan- with special reference to the course of social adjustment. Br. J. Psychiatry 1987; 151: 758-765. (Pubitemid 18000087)
19. Liberman RP, Kopelowicz A, Ventura J, Gutkind D,. Operational criteria and factors related to recovery from schizophrenia. Int. Rev. Psychiatry 2002; 14: 256-272. (Pubitemid 35398852)
20. Bodén R, Sundström J, Lindström E, Lindström L,. Association between symptomatic remission and functional outcome in first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 2009; 107: 232-237.
21. Lambert M, Schimmelmann BG, Naber D, et al,. Prediction of remission as a combination of symptomatic and functional remission and adequate subjective well-being in 2960 patients with schizophrenia. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2006; 67: 1690-1697. (Pubitemid 44955148)
22. Lambert M, Naber D, Schacht A, et al,. Rates and predictors of remission and recovery during 3 years in 392 never-treated patients with schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2008; 118: 220-229.
23. Novick D, Haro JM, Suarez D, Vieta E, Naber D,. Recovery in the outpatient setting: 36-month results from the Schizophrenia Outpatients Health Outcomes (SOHO) study. Schizophr. Res. 2009; 108: 223-230.
24. Leucht S, Kane JM, Kissling W, Hamann J, Etschel E, Engel RR,. What does the PANSS mean? Schizophr. Res. 2005; 79: 231-238. (Pubitemid 41457263)
25. Buckley PF, Harvey PD, Bowie CR, Loebel A,. The relationship between symptomatic remission and neuropsychological improvement in schizophrenia patients switched to treatment with ziprasidone. Schizophr. Res. 2007; 94: 99-106. (Pubitemid 47031575)
26. Emsley R, Oosthuizen P, Koen L, Niehaus DJ, Medori R, Rabinowitz J,. Remission in patients with first-episode schizophrenia receiving assured antipsychotic medication: a study with risperidone long-acting injection. Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 2008; 23: 325-331.
27. Kane JM, Crandall DT, Marcus RN, et al,. Symptomatic remission in schizophrenia patients treated with aripiprazole or haloperidol for up to 52 weeks. Schizophr. Res. 2007; 95: 143-150. (Pubitemid 47313629)
28. Cohen A, Patel V, Thara R, Gureje O,. Questioning an axiom: better prognosis for schizophrenia in the developing world? Schizophr. Bull. 2008; 34: 229-244. (Pubitemid 351323326)
29. Harrison G, Hopper K, Craig T, et al,. Recovery from psychotic illness: a 15- and 25-year international follow-up study. Br. J. Psychiatry 2001; 178: 506-517. (Pubitemid 32531743)
30. Jablensky A, Sartorius N, Ernberg G, et al,. Schizophrenia: manifestations, incidence and course in different cultures. A World Health Organization ten-country study. Psychol. Med. Monogr. Suppl. 1992; 20: 1-97.
31. World Health Organization. Schizophrenia: An International Follow-up Study. John Wiley and Sons, Chester, 1979.
32. Alem A, Kebede D, Fekadu A, et al,. Clinical course and outcome of schizophrenia in a predominantly treatment-naive cohort in rural Ethiopia. Schizophr. Bull. 2009; 35: 646-654.
33. San L, Ciudad A, Alvarez E, Bobes J, Gilaberte I,. Symptomatic remission and social/vocational functioning in outpatients with schizophrenia: prevalence and associations in a cross-sectional study. Eur. Psychiatry 2007; 22: 490-498. (Pubitemid 350087651)
34. Marwaha S, Johnson S, Bebbington P, et al,. Rates and correlates of employment in people with schizophrenia in the UK, France and Germany. Br. J. Psychiatry 2007; 191: 30-37. (Pubitemid 47035178)
35. Davidson L, Schmutte T, Dinzeo T, Andres-Hyman R,. Remission and recovery in schizophrenia: practitioner and patient perspectives. Schizophr. Bull. 2008; 34: 5-8. (Pubitemid 350262290)
36. Simonsen E, Friis S, Haahr U, et al,. Clinical epidemiologic first-episode psychosis: 1-year outcome and predictors. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2007; 116: 54-61. (Pubitemid 46889773)
37. Altamura AC, Bassetti R, Sassella F, Salvadori D, Mundo E,. Duration of untreated psychosis as a predictor of outcome in first-episode schizophrenia: a retrospective study. Schizophr. Res. 2001; 52: 29-36. (Pubitemid 32947045)
38. Petersen L, Thorup A, Øqhlenschlaeger J, et al,. Predictors of remission and recovery in a first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder sample: 2-year follow-up of the OPUS trial. Can. J. Psychiatry 2008; 53: 660-670.