Gross gods and icky atheism: Disgust responses to rejected religious beliefs

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

Volumn 47, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 1225-1230

  Ritter, Ryan S ^a   Preston, Jesse Lee ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

Embodiment; Moral disgust; Outgroups; Religious belief; Taste

Indexed keywords

EID: 80051908379     PISSN: 00221031     EISSN: 10960465     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2011.05.006     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Borg J.S., Lieberman D., Kiehl K.A. Infection, incest, and iniquity: Investigating the neural correlates of disgust and morality. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2008, 20:1529-1546.
2. Cohen A.B., Rozin P. Religion and the morality of mentality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2001, 81:697-710.
3. Cottrell C.A., Neuberg S.L. Different emotional reactions to different groups: A sociofunctional threat-based approach to "prejudice". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2005, 88:770-789.
4. Dawkins R. The God delusion 2006, Houghton Mifflin Company, New York, NY.
5. Eskine K.J., Kacinik N.A., Prinz J.J. A bad taste in the mouth: Gustatory disgust influences moral judgment. Psychological Science 2011, 22:295-299.
6. Graham J., Haidt J. Beyond beliefs: Religions bind individuals into moral communities. Personality and Social Psychology Review 2010, 14:140-150.
7. Gutierrez R., Giner-Sorolla R. Anger, disgust, and presumption of harm as reactions to taboo-breaking behaviors. Emotion 2007, 7:853-868.
8. Haidt J., Graham J. When morality opposes justice: Conservatives have moral intuitions that liberals may not recognize. Social Justice Research 2007, 20:98-116.
9. Haidt J., Joseph C. The moral mind: How 5 sets of innate moral intuitions guide the development of many culture-specific virtues, and perhaps even modules. The innate mind 2007, 3:367-391. New York: Oxford. P. Carruthers, S. Laurence, S. Stich (Eds.).
10. Harris S., Sheth S.A., Cohen M.S. Functional neuroimaging of belief, disbelief, and uncertainty. Annals of Neurology 2008, 63:141-147.
11. Horberg E.J., Oveis C., Keltner D., Cohen A.B. Disgust and the moralization of purity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2009, 97:963-976.
12. Hume D. An enquiry concerning human understanding. Modern philosophy: An anthology of primary sources 1998, 491-557. Hackett Publishing Company, Indianapolis, (Original work published 1748). R. Ariew, E. Watkins (Eds.).
13. John O.P., Donahue E.M., Kentle R.L. The big five inventory: Versions 4a and 54 1991, Institute of Personality and Social Research, University of California, Berkeley, CA, Technical report.
14. Lee S.W.S., Schwarz N. Washing away postdecisional dissonance. Science 2010, 328:709.
15. Liljenquist K., Zhong C.-B., Galinsky A.D. The smell of virtue. Clean scents promote reciprocity and charity. Psychological Science 2010, 21:381-383.
16. Navarrete C.D., Fessler D.M.T., Eng S.J. Elevated ethnocentrism in the first trimester of pregnancy. Evolution and Human Behavior 2007, 28:60-65.
17. Rozin P., Haidt J., McCauley C.R. Disgust: The body and soul emotion. Handbook of cognition and emotion 1999, 429-445. Wiley, Chichester, UK. T. Dalgleish, M. Power (Eds.).
18. Rozin P., Lowery L., Imada S., Haidt J. The CAD triad hypothesis: A mapping between three moral emotions (contempt, anger, disgust) and three moral codes (community, autonomy, divinity). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1999, 76:574-586.
19. Schnall S., Benton J., Harvey S. With a clean conscience: Cleanliness reduces the severity of moral judgments. Psychological Science 2008, 19:1219-1222.
20. Schnall S., Haidt J., Clore G.L., Jordan A.H. Disgust as embodied moral judgment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 2008, 34:1096-1109.
21. Shariff A.F., Cohen A.B., Norenzayan A. The devil's advocate: Secular arguments diminish both implicit and explicit religious belief. Journal of Cognition and Culture 2008, 8:417-423.
22. Tetlock P.E., Kristel O.V., Elson S.B., Green M.C., Lerner J.S. The psychology of the unthinkable: Taboo trade-offs, forbidden base rates, and heretical counterfactuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2000, 78:853-870.
23. The Merriam-Webster Dictionary (5th ed.). (1997). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster, Inc.
24. Thompson E.R. Development and validation of an internationally reliable short-form of the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS). Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 2007, 38:227-242.
25. Wheatley T., Haidt J. Hypnotic disgust makes moral judgments more severe. Psychological Science 2005, 16:780-784.
26. Zhong C.-B., Liljenquist K. Washing away your sins: Threatened morality and physical cleansing. Science 2006, 313:1451-1452.
27. Zhong C.-B., Strejcek B., Sivanthan N. A clean self can render harsh moral judgment. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 2010, 46:859-862.