Do working men rebel? insurgency and unemployment in Afghanistan, Iraq, and the Philippines

Journal of Conflict Resolution

Volumn 55, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 496-528

  Berman, Eli ^a   Callen, Michael ^a   Felter, Joseph H ^b   Shapiro, Jacob N ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Insurgency; opportunity costs; rebel recruitment; unemployment

Indexed keywords

EID: 80051806756     PISSN: 00220027     EISSN: 15528766     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0022002710393920     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. AkerlofGeorge,YellenJanet L.Values and Public Policy. AaronHenry J.MannThomas E.TaylorTimothy, ed. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution; 1994:.
2. Al Jazeera. 2009. "Key Quotes from New Taliban Book", posted July 27, 2009. http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia/2009/07/200972775236982270.html.
3. BeckerG."Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach.".Journal of Political Economy. 1968;76:169-217.
4. Benm-Suicide-Terrorism: Evidence from House Demolitions.NBER Working Paper. 2010;16493 (October)
5. BermanEliRadical, Religious and Violent: The New Economics of Terrorism. Cambridge MA: MIT Press; 2009:.
6. BermanEli,LaitinDavid. D."Religion, Terrorism and Public Goods: Testing the Club Model.".Journal of Public Economics. 2008;92 (10-11): 1942-67.
7. BermanE.,ShapiroJ. N.,FelterJ. H."Can Hearts and Minds be Bought? The Economics of Counterinsurgency in Iraq.".NBER Working Paper 14606. 2008;:.
8. BlattmanChristopher,MiguelEdward."Civil War.".NBER Working Paper #14801. 2009;:.
9. BrainardL.,CholletD. H.Too Poor for Peace? Global Poverty, Conflict, and Security in the 21st Century. BrainardL.CholletD. H., ed. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution; 2007:.
10. CassidyR.Counterinsurgency and the Global War on Terror. Westport, CT: Praeger; 2006:.
11. ChiarelliP.U.S. Army Commander, Multinational Corps Iraq.press briefing. 2006;:2006.
12. ClutterbuckR.The Long Long War: Counterinsurgency in Malaya and Vietnam. Ann Arbor, MI: Praeger; 1966:.
13. CollierPaul,HoefflerAnke."Greed and Grievance in Civil War.".Oxford Economic Papers. 2004;56:563-95.
14. Combating Terrorism Center, US Military Academy. 2006. "Captured Zarqawi Network Letters from Iraq"posted April 20, 2006. www.ctc.usma.edu/harmony/harmony.asp.
15. CrainCharles."Behind the Baghdad Wall.".Time. 2007;:.
16. Department of Defense. 2008. Measuring Stability and Security in Iraq: March 2008 Report to Congress in Accordance with the Department of Defense Appropriations Act 2008. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/report/2008/iraq-security-stability_mar2008.pdf.
17. DubeOeindrila,VargasJuan."Commodity Price Shocks and Civil Conflict: Evidence from Columbia.".CID Graduate Student and Postdoctoral Fellow Working Paper No. 14. 2008;:.
18. FearonJ.Institutions and Economic Performance. HelpmanE., ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 2008:.
19. FearonJames D.,LaitinDavid D."Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War.".American Political Science Review. 2003;97:75-90.
20. FischerStanley,Alonso-GamoPatricia,von AllmenUlric Erickson."Economic Developments in the West Bank and Gaza since Oslo.".The Economic Journal. 2001;111:F254-75.
21. Bombers, Bank Accounts, and Bleedout: Al-Qa'ida in Iraq's Road in and out of Iraq. FishmanB.MoghadamA., ed. West Point, N.Y.: Combating Terrorism Center, US Military Academy; 2008:.
22. GalulaD.Counterinsurgency Warfare; Theory and Practice. New York: Praeger; 1964:.
23. Government Accountability Office. 2007. The Department of Defense's Use of Solatia and Condolence Payments in Iraq and Afghanistan. GAO publication 07-699. http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-07-699.
24. GroggerJeff."Market Wages and Youth Crime.".Journal of Labor Economics. 1998;16 (4): 756-91.
25. GrossmanH."A General Equilibrium Model of Insurrections.".American Economic Review. 1991;81:912-21.
26. GouldEric D.,WeinbergBruce A.,MustardDavid B."Crime Rates and Local Labor Market Opportunities in the United States: 1979-1997.".The Review of Economics and Statistics. 2002;84 (1): 45-61.
27. HendawiHamzaBaghdad's Walls Keep Peace but Feel like a Prison. Associated Press; 2008:.
28. HidalgoF. Daniel,NaiduSuresh,NichterSimeon,RichardsonNeal.Economic Determinants of Land Invasions.Review of Economics and Statistics. 2010;92 (3): 505-523.
29. KalyvasS. N.The Logic of Violence in Civil War. New York: Cambridge University. Press; 2006:.
30. KanaanOsamaThe Economy of the West Bank and Gaza Strip: Recent Experience, Prospects and Challenges to Private Sector Development. BarnettS.CalikaN.ChuaD.KanaanO.ZavadjuilM., ed. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund; 1998:.
31. KitsonF.Low Intensity Operations: Subversion, Insurgency, Peace-keeping. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole; 1971:.
32. KomerRobertThe Malayan Emergency in Retrospect: Organization of a Successful Counterinsurgency Effort. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, R-957; 1972:.
33. LongAustinOn "Other War": Lessons from Five Decades of RAND Counterinsurgency Research. Santa Monica, CA: RAND; 2006:.
34. MaoZ.On Guerilla Warfare. Champaign: University of Illinois Press; [1937] 2000:.
35. McMasterH. R."On War: Lessons to be Learned.".Survival. 2008;50 (1):.
36. MiguelE.,SatyanathS.,SergentiE."Economic Shocks and Civil Conflict: An Instrumental Variables Approach.".Journal of Political Economy. 2004;112:725-53.
37. Multi-National Corps Iraq. 2009. Money as a Weapons System (MAAWS): MNC-I CJ8 SOP. Available athttp://publicintelligence.net/money-as-a-weapon-system-maaws/.
38. PetraeusDavid."Learning Counterinsurgency: Observations from Soldiering in Iraq.".Military Review. 2006; (January-February):.
39. PopkinS. L.The Rational Peasant: The Political Economy of Rural Society in Vietnam. Berkeley: University of California Press; 1979:.
40. RaphaelS.,Winter-EbmerR."Identifying the Effect of Unemployment on Crime.".Journal of Law and Economics. 2001;44:259-83.
41. RhodeDavid,SangerDavid E.New York Times. 2007 2007:.
42. SeppKalev."'Best practices' in Counterinsurgency.".Military Review. 2005; (May/June):.
43. TaberR.The War of the Flea: A Study of Guerilla Warfare Theory and Practice. New York: Lyle Stuart; 1965:.
44. ThompsonR. G. K.Defeating Communist Insurgency: The Lessons of Malaya and Vietnam, Studies in International Security. New York: Praeger; 1966:.
45. TrinquierR.Modern Warfare: A French View of Counterinsurgency. New York: Praeger; 1961:.
46. WarrickJoby. 2008. "CIA Buys Afghan Chief's Loyalty with Viagra."Washington Post, 26 December. http://sfchronicle.us/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/12/26/MN0S14V9PR.DTL(accessed June 6, 2010).
47. United States Army. 2006. The U.S. Army Counterinsurgency Field Manual(U.S. Army Field Manual No. 3-24). http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fm3-24fd.pdf.