Fault-zone healing effectiveness and the structural evolution of strike-slip fault systems

Geophysical Journal International

Volumn 186, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 963-970

  Finzi, Yaron ^a,c   Hearn, Elizabeth H ^a   Lyakhovsky, Vladimir ^b   Gross, Lutz ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF ISRAEL   (Israel)

^c UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

Author keywords

Crustal structure; Dynamics and mechanics of faulting; Elasticity and anelasticity; Fault zone rheology; Fractures and faults

Indexed keywords

3D SIMULATIONS; CONTINUUM DAMAGE; CRUSTAL DEFORMATIONS; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; DAMAGE HEALING; DAMAGE LEVEL; DAMAGE ZONES; ELASTICITY AND ANELASTICITY; FAULT CORE; FAULT EVOLUTION; FAULT SYSTEM; FAULT ZONE; GEOMETRICAL COMPLEXITY; HEALING PROCESS; OFF-FAULT DAMAGE; RATE PARAMETERS; SHALLOW FAULTS; SPATIAL EXTENT; STEP-OVERS; STRESS CONDITION; STRIKE-SLIP FAULT SYSTEMS; STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; WIDE ZONE;

ELASTICITY; RHEOLOGY; SEISMOLOGY; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY; THREE DIMENSIONAL COMPUTER GRAPHICS; VISCOSITY;

COMPUTER SIMULATION;

ANELASTICITY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; CRUSTAL DEFORMATION; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; ELASTICITY; FAULT ZONE; FRACTURE; RHEOLOGY; STRIKE-SLIP FAULT;

EID: 80051792463     PISSN: 0956540X     EISSN: 1365246X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05099.x     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Andrews, D.J., 2005. Rupture dynamics with energy loss outside the slip zone. J. geophys. Res., 110, B01307, doi:.
2. Ando, R. & Yamashita, T., 2007. Effects of mesoscopic-scale fault structure on dynamic earthquake ruptures: dynamic formation of geometrical complexity of earthquake faults, J. geophys. Res., 112, B09303, doi:.
3. Barbot, S., Fialko, Y. & Sandwell, D., 2009. Three-dimensional models of elasto-static deformation in heterogeneous media, with application to the Eastern California Shear Zone, Geophys. J. Int., 179, 500-520, doi:.
4. Beeler, N.M. & Hickman, S.H., 2004. Stress-induced, time-dependent fracture closure at hydrothermal conditions, J. geophys. Res., 109, B02211, doi:.
5. Ben-Zion, Y. & Lyakhovsky, V., 2006. Analysis of aftershocks in a lithospheric model with seismogenic zone governed by damage rheology, Geophys. J. Int., 165, 197-210.
6. Ben-Zion, Y. & Sammis, C., 2003. Characterization of fault zones, Pure appl. Geophys., 160, 677-715.
7. Ben-Zion, Y., Dahmen, K., Lyakhovsky, V., Ertas D. & Agnon, A., 1999. Self-driven mode switching of earthquake activity on a fault system, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 172(1-2), 11-21.
8. Ben-Zion, Y., et al., 2003. A shallow fault zone structure illuminated by trapped waves in the Karadere-Duzce branch of the North Anatolian Fault, western Turkey, Geophys. J. Int, 152, 699-717.
9. Biegel, R., Sammis, C. & Rosakis, A., 2008. An experimental study of the effect of off-fault damage on the velocity of a slip pulse, J. geophys. Res., 113, B04302, doi:.
10. Boness, N.L. & Zoback, M.D., 2004. Stress-induced seismic velocity anisotropy and physical properties in the SAFOD Pilot Hole in Parkfield, CA, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L15S17, doi:.
11. Chester, F.M., Evans, J.P. & Biegel, R.L., 1993. Internal structure and weakening mechanisms of the San Andreas Fault, J. geophys. Res. 98, 771-786.
12. Chester, F.M., Chester, J.S, Kronenberg, A.K. & Hajash, A., 2007. Subcritical creep compaction of quartz sand at diagenetic conditions: effects of water and grain size, J. geophys. Res., 112, B06203, doi:.
13. Cochran, E.S., Li, Y.G., Shearer, P.M., Barbot, S., Fialko, Y. & Vidale, J.E., 2009. Seismic and geodetic evidence for extensive, long-lived fault damage zones, Geology, 37(4), 315-318, doi:.
14. De Paola, N., Holdsworth, R.E., Collettini, C., McCaffrey, K.J.W. & Barchi, M.R., 2007. The structural evolution of dilational step-overs in regional transtensional zones, in Tectonics of Strike-Slip Restraining and Releasing Bends, pp.433-445, eds Cunningham W.D., Mann, P., Geological Society, London. Special Publication 290.
15. Dieterich, J.H., 1978. Time-dependent friction and the mechanics of stick-slip, Pure appl. Geophys. 116, 790-805.
16. Dor, O., Ben-Zion, Y., Rockwell, T. & Brune, J., 2006. Pulverized rocks in the Mojave section of the San Andreas Fault Zone, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 245, 642-654, doi:.
17. Dor, O., Yildirim, C., Rockwell, T., Ben-Zion, Y., Emre, O., Sisk, M. & Duman, T., 2008. Geologic and geomorphologic asymmetry across the rupture zones of the 1943 and 1944 earthquakes on the North Anatolian Fault: possible signals for preferred earthquake propagation direction, Geophys. J. Int., 173, 483-504, doi:.
18. Evans, J.P., Shipton, Z.K., Pachell, M.A., Lim, S.J. & Robeson, K., 2000. The structure and composition of exhumed faults, and their implication for seismic processes, in Proceedings of the 3rd Conference on Tectonic Problems of the San Andreas System, Stanford University.
19. Fialko, Y., Sandwell, D., Agnew, D., Simons, M., Shearer, P. & Minster, B., 2002. Deformation on nearby faults induced by the 1999 Hector Mine earthquake, Science, 297, 1858-1862.
20. Finzi Y., Hearn, E.H., Lyakhovsky, V. & Ben-Zion, Y., 2009. Structural properties and deformation patterns of evolving strike-slip faults: numerical simulations incorporating damage rheology, Pure appl. Geophys., 166(10), 1537-1573, doi:.
21. Hamiel, Y. & Fialko, Y., 2007. Structure and mechanical properties of faults in the North Anatolian Fault system from InSAR observations of coseismic deformation due to the 1999 Izmit (Turkey) earthquake, J. geophys Res., 112, B07412, doi:.
22. Hamiel, Y., Liu, Y., Lyakhovsky, V., Ben-Zion, Y. & Lockner, D., 2004. A Visco-elastic damage model with applications to stable and unstable fracturing, Geophys. J. Int., 159, 1155-1165.
23. Hearn, E.H. & Fialko, Y., 2009. Coseismic deformation of Mojave compliant zones and crustal stresses, J. geophys. Res., 114, B04403, doi:.
24. Karabulut, H. & Bouchon, M., 2007. Spatial variability and non-linearity of strong ground motion near a fault, Geophys. J. Int., 170, 1, 262-274.
25. Kim, Y.S., Peacock, D.C.P. & Sanderson, D.J., 2004. Fault damage zones, J. Struct. Geol., 26, 503-517.
26. Li, Y.-G., Aki, K., Adams, D., Hasemi, A. & Lee, W.H.K., 1994. Seismic guided waves trapped in the fault zone of the Landers, California earthquake of 1992, J. geophys. Res., 99(B6), 11 705-11 722.
27. Li, Y.-G., Chen, P., Cochran, E.S., Vidale, J.E. & Burdette, T., 2006. Seismic evidence for rock damage and healing on the San Andreas Fault associated with the 2004 M 6.0 Parkfield Earthquake, Bull. seism. Soc. Am., 96(4B), S349-S363.
28. Lyakhovsky, V. & Ben-Zion, Y., 2008. Scaling relations of earthquakes and aseismic deformation in a damage rheology model, Geophys. J. Int., 172, 651-662, doi:.
29. Lyakhovsky, V., & Y. Ben-Zion, 2009. Evolving geometrical and material properties of fault zones in a damage rheology model, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 10, Q11011, doi:.
30. Lyakhovsky, V., Ben-Zion, Y. & Agnon, A., 1997a. Distributed damage, faulting, and friction, J. geophys. Res., 102, 27, 635-27, 649.
31. Lyakhovsky, V., Reches, Z., Weinberger, R. & Scott, T.E., 1997b. Non-linear elastic behavior of damaged rocks, Geophys. J. Int., 130, 157-166.
32. Lyakhovsky, V. Ben-Zion, Y. & Agnon, A., 2001. Earthquake cycle, faults, and seismicity patterns in rheologically layered lithosphere, J. geophys. Res., 106, 4103-4120.
33. Lyakhovsky, V., Ben-Zion, Y. & Agnon, A., 2005. A viscoelastic damage rheology and rate- and state-dependent friction, Geophys. J. Int., 161, 179-190.
34. Lyakhovsky, V., Hamiel, Y., & Ben-Zion, Y., 2011,. A nonlocal visco-elastic damage model and dynamic fracturing, J. Mech. Phys. Solids, doi:, in press.
35. Ma, S., 2008. A physical model for widespread near-surface and fault zone damage induced by earthquakes, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q11009, doi:.
36. Marone, C., 1998. The effect of loading rate on static friction and the rate of fault healing during the earthquake cycle, Nature, 391, 69-72.
37. Micklethwaite, S. & Cox, S.F., 2004. Fault-segment rupture, aftershock-zone fluid flow and mineralization, Geology, 32, 813-816.
38. Micklethwaite, S. & Cox, S.F., 2006. Progressive fault triggering and fluid flow in aftershock domains: examples from mineralized Archaean fault systems, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 250(1-2), 318-330.
39. Nishenko, S. P., & Buland, R., 1987. A generic recurrence interval distribution for earthquake forecasting, Bull. seism. Soc. Am., 77(4):1382-1399.
40. Peng, Z. & Ben-Zion, Y., 2006. Temporal changes of shallow seismic velocity around the Karadere-Duzce branch of the north Anatolian fault and strong ground motion. Pure appl, Geophys. 163, 567-600, doi:.
41. Peng, Z., Ben-Zion, Y., Michael A.J. & Zhu, L., 2003. Quantitative analysis of seismic trapped waves in the rupture zone of the 1992 Landers, California earthquake: evidence for a shallow trapping structure, Geophys. J. Int., 155, 1021-1041.
42. Poliakov, A. N., Dmowska, B., R., & Rice, J. R., 2002. Dynamic shear rupture interactions with fault bends and off-axis secondary faulting, J. geophys. Res., 107(B11), 2295, doi:.
43. Revenaugh, J., 2000. The relation of crustal scattering to seismicity in Southern California, J. geophys. Res., 105, 25 403-25 422.
44. Rockwell, T.K. & Ben-Zion Y., 2007. High localization of primary slip zones in large earthquakes from paleoseismic trenches: observations and implications for earthquake physics, J. geophys. Res., 112, B10304, doi:.
45. Sheldon H. A. & Micklethwaite S., 2007. Damage and permeability around faults: implications for mineralization, Geology, 35(10), 903-906.
46. Sibson, R.H., 2003. Thickness of the seismic slip zone, Bull. seism. Soc. Am. 93, 3, 1169-1178.
47. Sylvester, A.G., 1988. Strike-slip faults, Geol. Soc. Am., 100, 1777-1703.
48. Tchalenko, J.S., 1970. Similarities between shear zones of different magnitudes, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 81, 1625-1640.
49. Thatcher, W. 1989. Earthquake recurrence and risk assessment in circum-Pacific seismic gaps, Nature, 341, 432 - 434.
50. Vidale, J. E., Ellsworth, W., Cole, A. & Marone, C. 1994. Variations in rupture process with recurrence interval in a repeated small earthquake, Nature, 368, 624-626.
51. Wu, C., Peng, Z. & Ben-Zion, Y., 2009. Non-linearity and temporal changes of fault zone site response associated with strong ground motion, Geophys. J. Int., 176, 265-278, doi:.
52. Yasuhara, H., Marone, C. & Elsworth, D., 2005. Fault zone restrengthening and frictional healing: the role of pressure solution, J. geophys. Res., 110, B06310, doi:.
53. Zhao, P. & Peng, Z., 2009. Depth extent of damage zones around the central Calaveras fault from waveform analysis of repeating earthquakes, Geophys. J. Int., 179, 1817-1830, doi:.