Differences in pathogen indicators between proximal urban and rural karst springs, Central Kentucky, USA

Environmental Earth Sciences

Volumn 64, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 47-55

  Reed, Thomas M ^a   Fryar, Alan E ^b   Brion, Gail M ^c   Ward, James W ^d  

^a AMEC FOSTER WHEELER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

^d ANGELO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Bacteria; Fecal indicators; Groundwater; Karst; Kentucky

Indexed keywords

BACTERIAL INDICATORS; BASEFLOWS; COLIPHAGES; FECAL COLIFORMS; FECAL INDICATORS; HUMAN FECES; KARST; KARST AQUIFER; KARST GROUNDWATER; KENTUCKY; SCREENING TOOL; SESSILE BACTERIA; STORM FLOW; TOTAL COLIFORMS;

AGRICULTURE; AQUIFERS; BACTERIA; BACTERIOLOGY; GROUNDWATER POLLUTION; GROUNDWATER RESOURCES; HYDROGEOLOGY; PATHOGENS; SEWAGE; SPRINGS (WATER); STORMS; VIRUSES;

LANDFORMS;

AQUIFER POLLUTION; ARCHITECTURE; BASEFLOW; BIOINDICATOR; BIOMONITORING; COLIFORM BACTERIUM; DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS; GRASS; KARST; MOBILIZATION; PASTURE; PATHOGENICITY; POLLUTION EFFECT; RURAL AREA; SEASONAL VARIATION; SESSILE SPECIES; SEWER NETWORK; STORM; URBAN AREA;

KENTUCKY; UNITED STATES;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); POA;

EID: 80051671112     PISSN: 18666280     EISSN: 18666299     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12665-010-0816-8     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Aley T (1984) Groundwater tracing in water pollution studies. Nat Speleol Soc Bull 46: 17-20.
2. APHA (American Public Health Association) (1998) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. APHA, Washington, DC.
3. Boyer DG, Kuczynska E (2003) Storm and seasonal distributions of fecal coliforms and Cryptosporidium in a spring. J Am Water Resour Assoc 39: 1449-1456.
4. Brion GM, Mao HH (2000) Use of total coliform test for watershed monitoring with respects to atypicals. J Environ Eng 126: 175-181.
5. Brion GM, Mao HH, Lingireddy S (2000) New approach to use of total coliform test for watershed management. Water Sci Technol 42: 65-69.
6. Brion GM, Meschke JS, Sobsey MD (2002) F-specific RNA coliphages: occurrence, types, and survival in natural waters. Water Res 36: 2419-2425.
7. Currens JC, Paylor RL, Ray JA (2002) Mapped karst ground-water basins in the Lexington 30 × 60 minute quadrangle. Kentucky Geological Survey Map and Chart 10. Series XII. University of Kentucky, Lexington.
8. Davis RK, Hamilton S, Brahana JV (2005) Escherichia coli survival in mantled karst springs and streams, northwest Arkansas Ozarks, USA. J Am Water Resour Assoc 41: 1279-1287.
9. Droppo IG, Liss SN, Williams D, Nelson T, Jaskot C, Trapp B (2009) Dynamic existence of waterborne pathogens within river sediment compartments. Implications for water quality regulatory affairs. Environ Sci Technol 43: 1737-1743.
10. Dussart-Baptista L, Massei N, Dupont J-P, Jouenne T (2003) Transfer of bacteria-contaminated particles in a karst aquifer: evolution of contaminated materials from a sinkhole to a spring. J Hydrol 284: 285-295.
11. Edwards DR, Coyne MS, Daniel TC, Vendrell PF, Murdoch JF, Moore PA (1997) Indicator bacteria concentrations of two northern Arkansas streams in relation to flow and season. Trans ASAE 40: 103-109.
12. Field KG, Samadpour M (2007) Fecal source tracking, the indicator paradigm, and managing water quality. Water Res 41: 3517-3538.
13. Ford DC, Williams PW (1989) Karst geomorphology and hydrology. Unwin Hyman, London.
14. Gunn J, Tranter J, Perkins J, Hunter C (1997) Sanitary bacterial dynamics in a mixed karst aquifer. In: Leibundgut C, Gunn J, Dassargues A (eds) Karst hydrology. Int Assoc Hydrol Sci Publ 247. IAHS Press, Wallingford, pp 61-70.
15. John DE, Rose JB (2005) Review of factors affecting microbial survival in groundwater. Environ Sci Technol 39: 7345-7356.
16. Keagy DM, Dinger JS, Fogle AW, Sendlein LVA (1993) Interim report on the occurrence of pesticides, nitrate, and bacteria on groundwater quality in a karst terrain-the Inner Blue Grass region, Woodford County, Kentucky. Kentucky Geological Survey Open-File Report OF-93-04. University of Kentucky, Lexington.
17. Kentucky Division of Water (2007) Kentucky administrative regulations, surface water standards. http://www.lrc.ky.gov/kar/401/010/031.htm. Accessed April 2009.
18. Madigan MT, Martinko JM, Parker J (2003) Brock biology of microorganisms. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River.
19. Mahler BJ, Personné J-C, Lods GF, Drogue C (2000) Transport of free and particulate-associated bacteria in karst. J Hydrol 238: 179-193.
20. Marshall D, Brahana JV, Davis RK (1998) Resuspension of viable sediment-bound enteric pathogens in shallow karst aquifers. In: Brahana JV, Eckstein Y, Ongley LK, Schneider R, Moore JE (eds) Gambling with groundwater-physical, chemical, and biological aspects of aquifer-stream relations. Proc Joint Meet XXVIII Congr Int Assoc Hydrogeol, Annu Meet Am Inst Hydrol. American Institute of Hydrology, St. Paul, pp 179-186.
21. Nieman J, Brion GM (2003) Novel bacterial ratio for predicting fecal age. Water Sci Technol 47: 45-49.
22. Pasquarell GC, Boyer DG (1995) Agricultural impacts on bacterial water quality in karst groundwater. J Environ Qual 24: 959-969.
23. Plummer JD, Long SC (2009) Identifying sources of surface water pollution: a toolbox approach. J AWWA 101: 75-88.
24. Pronk M, Goldscheider N, Zopfi J (2007) Particle-size distribution as indicator for fecal bacteria contamination of drinking water from karst springs. Environ Sci Technol 41: 8400-8405.
25. Quinlan JF (1989) Ground-water monitoring in karst terranes: recommended protocols and implicit assumptions. Rep EPA/600/X-89/050. US Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas.
26. Rantz SE (1982) Measurement and computation of streamflow, vol 1. Measurement of stage and discharge. US Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2175. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
27. Reed TM (2006) Suspended sediment and pathogen transport in two Inner Bluegrass karst ground-water basins, Woodford County, Kentucky. MS thesis, University of Kentucky. http://lib. uky. edu/ETD/ukygeol2006t00499/REED06. pdf. Accessed April 2009.
28. Reed TM, McFarland JT, Fryar AE, Fogle AW, Taraba JL (2010) Sediment discharges during storm flow from proximal urban and rural karst springs, central Kentucky, USA. J Hydrol 383: 280-290.
29. Rosner BA (2006) Fundamentals of biostatistics. Thomas Higher Education, Belmont.
30. Ryan M, Meiman J (1996) An examination of short-term variations in water quality at a karst spring in Kentucky. Ground Water 34: 23-30.
31. Sercu B, van de Werfhorst LC, Murray J, Holden PA (2009) Storm drains are sources of human fecal pollution during dry weather in three urban Southern California watersheds. Environ Sci Technol 43: 293-298.
32. Simon KS, Gibert J, Petitot P, Laurent R (2001) Spatial and temporal patterns of bacterial density and metabolic activity in a karst aquifer. Arch Hydrobiol 151: 67-82.
33. Thrailkill J, Spangler LE, Hopper WM Jr, McCann MR, Troester JW, Gouzie DR (1982) Groundwater in the Inner Bluegrass karst region, Kentucky. Water Resour Res Inst Res Rep 136. University of Kentucky, Lexington.
34. University of Kentucky Agricultural Weather Center (2008) Climatology data. http://wwwagwx. ca. uky. edu/climdata. html. Accessed March 2008.
35. USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) (2001) EPA method 1602: Male-specific (F+) and somatic coliphage in water by single agar layer (SAL) procedure. Rep EPA/821/R-01/029. Office of Water, USEPA, Washington, DC.
36. US Census Bureau (2008) Census 2000 data for the state of Kentucky. http://www. census. gov/census2000/states/ky. html. Accessed April 2008.
37. Ward JW, Reed TM, Fryar AE, Brion GM (2009) Using the AC/TC ratio to evaluate fecal inputs in a karst groundwater basin. Environ Eng Geosci 15: 57-65.
38. White WB (1988) Geomorphology and hydrology of karst terrains. Oxford University Press, New York.