메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 657-667

The effects of wind on the flame characteristics of individual leaves

Author keywords

Flame angle; flame geometry; live fuels; wildfire

Indexed keywords


EID: 80051621782     PISSN: 10498001     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/WF10019     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (15)

References (33)
  • 1
    • 0019634232 scopus 로고
    • A model for the wind-blown flame from a line fire
    • doi:10.1016/0010-2180(81) 90014-6
    • Albini FA (1981) A model for the wind-blown flame from a line fire. Combustion and Flame 43, 155-174. doi:10.1016/0010-2180(81) 90014-6
    • (1981) Combustion and Flame , vol.43 , pp. 155-174
    • Albini, F.A.1
  • 2
    • 84971056436 scopus 로고
    • Fire propagation in vertical stick arrays-the effects of wind
    • doi:10.1071/WF9950043
    • Beer T (1995) Fire propagation in vertical stick arrays-the effects of wind. International Journal of Wildland Fire 5, 43-49. doi:10.1071/WF9950043
    • (1995) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.5 , pp. 43-49
    • Beer, T.1
  • 3
    • 0035600320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flame residence times and rates of weight loss of eucalypt forest fuel particles
    • doi:10.1071/WF01005
    • Burrows ND (2001) Flame residence times and rates of weight loss of eucalypt forest fuel particles. International Journal of Wildland Fire 10, 137-143. doi:10.1071/WF01005
    • (2001) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.10 , pp. 137-143
    • Burrows, N.D.1
  • 4
    • 0002265638 scopus 로고
    • Combustion of forest fuels
    • (Ed. KP Davis) Ch. 3 McGraw-Hill: New York
    • Byram GM (1959) Combustion of forest fuels. In 'Forest Fire: Control and Use'. (Ed. KP Davis) Ch. 3, pp. 61-89. (McGraw-Hill: New York)
    • (1959) Forest Fire: Control and Use , pp. 61-89
    • Byram, G.M.1
  • 5
    • 80051628854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A semi-empirical multi-leaf model for fire spread through a manzanita shrub
    • 17-20 May 2009 Ann Arbor, MI. (CD-ROM)
    • Cole WJ, Pickett BM, Fletcher TH, Weise DR (2009) A semi-empirical multi-leaf model for fire spread through a manzanita shrub. In '6th US National Combustion Meeting', 17-20 May 2009, Ann Arbor, MI. (CD-ROM)
    • (2009) 6th US National Combustion Meeting
    • Cole, W.J.1    Pickett, B.M.2    Fletcher, T.H.3    Weise, D.R.4
  • 7
    • 0842314187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models for the sustained ignition and behaviour of low-to-moderately intense fires in maritime pine stands
    • 18-23 November 2002 Coimbra, Portugal. (Ed. DX Viegas) (Millpress Science Publishers: Coimbra, Portugal)
    • Fernandes PM, Botelho HS, Loureiro C (2002) Models for the sustained ignition and behaviour of low-to-moderately intense fires in maritime pine stands.In 'Proceedingsof the IV International Conference of Forest Fire Research and 2002 Wildland Fire Safety Summit', 18-23 November 2002, Coimbra, Portugal. (Ed. DX Viegas) (Millpress Science Publishers: Coimbra, Portugal)
    • (2002) Proceedingsof the IV International Conference of Forest Fire Research and 2002 Wildland Fire Safety Summit
    • Fernandes, P.M.1    Botelho, H.S.2    Loureiro, C.3
  • 9
    • 49649112414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comprehensive study of biomass particle combustion
    • doi:10.1021/EF800006Z
    • Lu H, Robert W, Peirce G, Ripa B, Baxter LL (2008) Comprehensive study of biomass particle combustion. Energy & Fuels 22, 2826-2839. doi:10.1021/EF800006Z
    • (2008) Energy & Fuels , vol.22 , pp. 2826-2839
    • Lu, H.1    Robert, W.2    Peirce, G.3    Ripa, B.4    Baxter, L.L.5
  • 10
    • 0037262442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flame characteristics, temperature-time curves, and rate of spread in fires propagating in a bed of Pinus pinaster needles
    • DOI 10.1071/WF02063
    • Mendes-Lopes JMC, Ventura JMP, Amaral JMP (2003) Flame characteristics, temperature-time curves, and rate of spread in fires propagating in a bed of Pinus pinaster needles. International Journal of Wildland Fire 12, 67-84. doi:10.1071/WF02063 (Pubitemid 36439758)
    • (2003) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-84
    • Mendes-Lopes, J.M.C.1    Ventura, J.M.P.2    Amaral, J.M.P.3
  • 11
    • 34247277154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A heat transfer model of crown scorch in forest fires
    • DOI 10.1139/X06-158
    • Michaletz ST, Johnson EA (2006) A heat transfer model of crown scorch in forest fires. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, 2839-2851. doi:10.1139/X06-158 (Pubitemid 46622538)
    • (2006) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.36 , Issue.11 , pp. 2839-2851
    • Michaletz, S.T.1    Johnson, E.A.2
  • 12
    • 13444274242 scopus 로고
    • Moisture and salt effectson fire retardance in plants
    • doi:10.2307/2440925
    • MontgomeryKR, CheoPC(1969) Moisture and salt effectson fire retardance in plants. American Journal of Botany 56, 1028-1032. doi:10.2307/2440925
    • (1969) American Journal of Botany , vol.56 , pp. 1028-1032
    • Montgomery, K.R.1    Cheo, P.C.2
  • 14
    • 77955567450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental investigation of the physical mechanisms governing the spread of wildfires
    • doi:10.1071/WF08113
    • Morandini F, Silvani X (2010) Experimental investigation of the physical mechanisms governing the spread of wildfires. International Journal of Wildland Fire 19, 570-582. doi:10.1071/WF08113
    • (2010) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.19 , pp. 570-582
    • Morandini, F.1    Silvani, X.2
  • 15
    • 0036013690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A two-dimensional model of fire spread across a fuel bed including wind combined with slope conditions
    • DOI 10.1071/WF01043
    • Morandini F, Santoni PA, Balbi JH, Ventura JM, Mendes-Lopes JM (2002) A two-dimensional model of fire spread across a fuel bed including wind combined with slope conditions. International Journal of Wildland Fire 11, 53-63. doi:10.1071/WF01043 (Pubitemid 34850472)
    • (2002) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-63
    • Morandini, F.1    Santoni, P.A.2    Balbi, J.H.3    Ventura, J.M.4    Mendes-Lopes, J.M.5
  • 16
    • 35548985890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A numerical study of flame geometry and potential for crown fire initiation for a wildfire propagating through shrub fuel
    • DOI 10.1071/WF06010
    • Morvan D (2007) A numerical study of flame geometry and potential for crown fire initiation for a wildfire propagating through shrub fuel. International Journal of Wildland Fire 16, 511-518. doi:10.1071/WF06010 (Pubitemid 350017583)
    • (2007) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 511-518
    • Morvan, D.1
  • 17
    • 84971021984 scopus 로고
    • Byram's derivation of the energy criterion for forest and wildland fires
    • doi:10.1071/WF9930131
    • Nelson RM (1993) Byram's derivation of the energy criterion for forest and wildland fires. International Journal of Wildland Fire 3, 131-138. doi:10.1071/WF9930131
    • (1993) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.3 , pp. 131-138
    • Nelson, R.M.1
  • 18
    • 0037262486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Power of the fire - A thermodynamic analysis
    • DOI 10.1071/WF02032
    • Nelson RM (2003) Power of the fire-a thermodynamic analysis. International Journal of Wildland Fire 12, 51-65. doi:10.1071/WF02032 (Pubitemid 36439757)
    • (2003) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-65
    • Nelson Jr., R.M.1
  • 19
    • 0000602062 scopus 로고
    • Flame characteristics of wind-driven surface fires
    • doi:10.1139/X86-229
    • Nelson RM, Adkins CW (1986) Flame characteristics of wind-driven surface fires. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 16, 1293-1300. doi:10.1139/X86-229
    • (1986) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.16 , pp. 1293-1300
    • Nelson, R.M.1    Adkins, C.W.2
  • 21
    • 33745189781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burning characteristics of live California chaparral and Utah leaf samples
    • 25-27 October 2005 Canmore, AB, Canada (American Meteorological Society: Boston, MA)
    • Pickett BM, Smith SG, FletcherTH, WeiseDR (2005) Burning characteristics of live California chaparral and Utah leaf samples. In 'Sixth Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology', 25-27 October 2005, Canmore, AB, Canada. pp. 121-129. (American Meteorological Society: Boston, MA)
    • (2005) Sixth Symposium on Fire and Forest Meteorology , pp. 121-129
    • Pickett, B.M.1    Smith, S.G.2    Fletcher, T.H.3    Weise, D.R.4
  • 23
    • 58149431541 scopus 로고
    • A model study of wind-blown free-burning fires
    • 17-21 August 1964 Pittsburgh, PA. (Combustion Institute: Pittsburgh, PA)
    • Putnam AA (1965) A model study of wind-blown free-burning fires. In '10th Symposium (International) on Combustion', 17-21 August 1964, Pittsburgh, PA. pp. 1039-1046. (Combustion Institute: Pittsburgh, PA)
    • (1965) 10th Symposium (International) on Combustion , pp. 1039-1046
    • Putnam, A.A.1
  • 24
    • 0024865273 scopus 로고
    • Scaling applications in fire research
    • doi:10.1016/0379-7112(89)90045-3
    • Quintiere JG (1989) Scaling applications in fire research. Fire Safety Journal 15, 3-29. doi:10.1016/0379-7112(89)90045-3
    • (1989) Fire Safety Journal , vol.15 , pp. 3-29
    • Quintiere, J.G.1
  • 25
    • 0029228802 scopus 로고
    • Validation of CFD modelling of unconfined pool fires with cross-wind: Flame geometry
    • doi:10.1016/0379-7112(94)00028-E
    • Sinai YL, Owens MP (1995) Validation of CFD modelling of unconfined pool fires with cross-wind: flame geometry. Fire Safety Journal 24, 1-34. doi:10.1016/0379-7112(94)00028-E
    • (1995) Fire Safety Journal , vol.24 , pp. 1-34
    • Sinai, Y.L.1    Owens, M.P.2
  • 26
    • 34548758379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective Froude number and Byram's energy criterion of Australian experimental grassland fires
    • DOI 10.1016/j.proci.2006.07.053, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute - Thirty-First International Symposium on Combustion
    • Sullivan AL (2007) Convective Froude number and Byram's energy criterion of Australian experimental grassland fires. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 31, 2557-2564. doi:10.1016/J.PROCI.2006. 07.053 (Pubitemid 47424278)
    • (2007) Proceedings of the Combustion Institute , vol.31 , pp. 2557-2564
    • Sullivan, A.L.1
  • 27
    • 58149436349 scopus 로고
    • The size of flames from natural fires
    • 27 August-1 September 1962, Pittsburgh, PA Academic Press: New York
    • Thomas PH (1963) The size of flames from natural fires. In 'Ninth Symposium (International) on Combustion', 27 August-1 September 1962, Pittsburgh, PA, pp. 844-859. (Academic Press: New York)
    • (1963) Ninth Symposium (International) on Combustion , pp. 844-859
    • Thomas, P.H.1
  • 28
    • 80051650090 scopus 로고
    • Department of Scientific and Industrial Research and Fire Offices' Committee, Joint Fire Research Organization, Fire Research Note 512. (Borehamwood, Hertfordshire, UK)
    • Thomas PH, Pickard RW, Wraight HGH (1963) On the size and orientation of buoyant diffusion flames and the effect of wind. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research and Fire Offices' Committee, Joint Fire Research Organization, Fire Research Note 512. (Borehamwood, Hertfordshire, UK)
    • (1963) On the Size and Orientation of Buoyant Diffusion Flames and the Effect of Wind
    • Thomas, P.H.1    Pickard, R.W.2    Wraight, H.G.H.3
  • 29
    • 0000155438 scopus 로고
    • Height of crown scorch in forest fires
    • doi:10.1139/X73-055
    • Van Wagner CE (1973) Height of crown scorch in forest fires. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 3, 373-378. doi:10.1139/X73-055
    • (1973) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.3 , pp. 373-378
    • Van Wagner, C.E.1
  • 30
    • 0001915137 scopus 로고
    • Flame spread measurements on single ponderosa pine needles: Effect of sample orientation and concurrent external flow
    • doi:10.1080/00102209008951609
    • Weber RO, De Mestre NJ (1990) Flame spread measurements on single ponderosa pine needles: effect of sample orientation and concurrent external flow. Combustion Science and Technology 70, 17-32. doi:10.1080/00102209008951609
    • (1990) Combustion Science and Technology , vol.70 , pp. 17-32
    • Weber, R.O.1    De Mestre, N.J.2
  • 31
    • 0030457731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of wind velocity and slope on flame properties
    • Weise DR, Biging GS (1996) Effects of wind velocity and slope on flame properties. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, 1849-1858. doi:10.1139/X26-210 (Pubitemid 27005954)
    • (1996) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.26 , Issue.10 , pp. 1849-1858
    • Weise, D.R.1    Biging, G.S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.