메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 9, 2011, Pages 733-754

Safety and tolerability profiles of anticholinergic agents used for the treatment of overactive bladder

Author keywords

Cholinergic receptor antagonists; Darifenacin; Fesoterodine; Muscarinic receptor antagonists; Overactive bladder; Oxybutynin; Solifenacin; Tolterodine; Trospium chloride

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINE; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTIHISTAMINIC AGENT; ANTIULCER AGENT; BRONCHODILATING AGENT; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CYTOCHROME P450; CYTOCHROME P450 2D6; CYTOCHROME P450 3A4; DARIFENACIN; DIGOXIN; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DRUG METABOLITE; FESOTERODINE; FLUOXETINE; GALANTAMINE; LONG ACTING DRUG; METFORMIN; MUSCARINIC M1 RECEPTOR; MUSCARINIC M2 RECEPTOR; MUSCARINIC M3 RECEPTOR; MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR; MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; OXYBUTYNIN; PAROXETINE; PLACEBO; SOLIFENACIN; TOLTERODINE; TROSPIUM CHLORIDE; UNINDEXED DRUG;

EID: 80051577809     PISSN: 01145916     EISSN: 11791942     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/11592790-000000000-00000     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (59)

References (160)
  • 1
    • 0036867112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definition and epidemiology of overactive bladder
    • DOI 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)01784-3, PII S0090429502017843
    • Wein AJ, Rovner ES.Definition and epidemiology of overactive bladder. Urology 2002 Nov; 60 (5 Suppl. 1): 7-12; discussion, 12 (Pubitemid 36009213)
    • (2002) Urology , vol.60 , Issue.5 SUPPL. 1 , pp. 7-12
    • Wein, A.J.1    Rovner, E.S.2    Staskin, D.R.3    Andersson, K.-E.4    Ouslander, J.G.5
  • 2
    • 0035725404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How widespread are the symptoms of an overactive bladder and how are they managed? A population-based prevalence study
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1464-410X.2001.02228.x
    • Milsom I, Abrams P, Cardozo L, et al. How widespread are the symptoms of an overactive bladder and how are they managed? A population-based prevalence study. BJU Int 2001 Jun; 87 (9): 760-6 (Pubitemid 34204313)
    • (2001) BJU International , vol.87 , Issue.9 , pp. 760-766
    • Milsom, I.1    Abrams, P.2    Cardozo, L.3    Roberts, R.G.4    Thuroff, J.5    Wein, A.J.6
  • 3
    • 35148841097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscarinic receptor antagonists for overactive bladder
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2007.07205.x
    • Abrams P, Andersson KE. Muscarinic receptor antagonists for overactive bladder. BJU Int 2007 Nov; 100 (5): 987-1006 (Pubitemid 47537675)
    • (2007) BJU International , vol.100 , Issue.5 , pp. 987-1006
    • Abrams, P.1    Andersson, K.-E.2
  • 4
    • 34247271263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximizing anticholinergic therapy for overactive bladder: Has the ceiling been reached?
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2007.06881.x
    • MacDiarmid SA. Maximizing anticholinergic therapy for overactive bladder: has the ceiling been reached? BJU Int 2007 Jun; 99 Suppl. 3: 8-12 (Pubitemid 46608434)
    • (2007) BJU International , vol.99 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 8-12
    • MacDiarmid, S.A.1
  • 5
    • 33751278404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdermal drug delivery treatment for overactive bladder
    • Dmochowski RR, Starkman JS, Davila GW. Transdermal drug delivery treatment for overactive bladder. Int Braz J Urol 2006 Sep-Oct; 32 (5): 513-20 (Pubitemid 44794719)
    • (2006) International Braz J Urol , vol.32 , Issue.5 , pp. 513-520
    • Dmochowski, R.R.1    Starkman, J.S.2    Davila, G.W.3
  • 6
    • 34249732559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of overactive bladder: Selective use of anticholinergic agents with low drug-drug interaction potential
    • May
    • Chancellor MB, de Miguel F. Treatment of overactive bladder: selective use of anticholinergic agents with low drug-drug interaction potential. Geriatrics 2007 May; 62 (5): 15-24
    • (2007) Geriatrics , vol.62 , Issue.5 , pp. 15-24
    • Chancellor, M.B.1    De Miguel, F.2
  • 7
    • 77957122667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticholinergics and central nervous system effects: Are we confused?
    • Staskin DR, Zoltan E. Anticholinergics and central nervous system effects: are we confused? Rev Urol 2007; 9 (4): 191-6
    • (2007) Rev Urol , vol.9 , Issue.4 , pp. 191-196
    • Staskin, D.R.1    Zoltan, E.2
  • 8
    • 34347207646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of the overactive bladder: A review of pharmacological therapies and methods used by the urological specialist
    • Apr;
    • Waine E, Hashim H, Abrams P. Management of the overactive bladder: a review of pharmacological therapies and methods used by the urological specialist. Can J Urol 2007 Apr; 14 (2): 3478-88
    • (2007) Can J Urol , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 3478-3488
    • Waine, E.1    Hashim, H.2    Abrams, P.3
  • 9
    • 33646722732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Q-T interval and antimuscarinic drugs
    • Nov;
    • Dmochowski R, Staskin DR. The Q-T interval and antimuscarinic drugs. Curr Urol Rep 2005 Nov; 6 (6): 405-9
    • (2005) Curr Urol Rep , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 405-409
    • Dmochowski, R.1    Staskin, D.R.2
  • 10
    • 44049092119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence, adherence, and switch rates among extended-release and immediate-release overactive bladder medications in a regional managed care plan
    • D'Souza AO, Smith MJ, Miller LA, et al. Persistence, adherence, and switch rates among extended-release and immediate-release overactive bladder medications in a regional managed care plan. J Manag Care Pharm 2008 Apr; 14 (3): 291-301 (Pubitemid 351711980)
    • (2008) Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 291-301
    • D'Souza, A.O.1    Smith, M.J.2    Miller, L.-A.3    Doyle, J.4    Ariely, R.5
  • 11
    • 34548635908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overactive bladder: Recognition requires vigilance for symptoms
    • May;
    • Rosenberg MT, Newman DK, Tallman CT, et al. Overactive bladder: recognition requires vigilance for symptoms. Cleve Clin J Med 2007 May; 74 Suppl. 3: S21-9
    • (2007) Cleve Clin J Med , vol.74 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Rosenberg, M.T.1    Newman, D.K.2    Tallman, C.T.3
  • 12
    • 0031806027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravesikale instillation von trospiumchlorid, oxybutynin und verapamil zur relaxation des harnblasen-detrusors: Eine plazebo-kontrollierte, randomisierte klinische prufung
    • Frohlich G, Burmeister S, Wiedemann A, et al. Intravesical instillation of trospium chloride, oxybutynin and verapamil for relaxation of the bladder detrusor muscle: a placebo controlled, randomized clinical test. Arzneimittelforschung 1998 May; 48 (5): 486-91 (Pubitemid 28247635)
    • (1998) Arzneimittel-Forschung/Drug Research , vol.48 , Issue.5 , pp. 486-491
    • Frohlich, G.1    Burmeister, S.2    Wiedemann, A.3    Bulitta, M.4
  • 13
    • 13844270918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimuscarinic agents exhibit local inhibitory effects on muscarinic receptors in bladder-afferent pathways
    • DOI 10.1016/j.urology.2004.11.021
    • Kim Y, Yoshimura N, Masuda H, et al. Antimuscarinic agents exhibit local inhibitory effects on muscarinic receptors in bladder-afferent pathways. Urology 2005 Feb; 65 (2): 238-42 (Pubitemid 40248004)
    • (2005) Urology , vol.65 , Issue.2 , pp. 238-242
    • Kim, Y.1    Yoshimura, N.2    Masuda, H.3    De Miguel, F.4    Chancellor, M.B.5
  • 15
    • 0032869954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioavailability of trospium chloride after intravesical instillation in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction: A pilot study
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6777(1999)18:5<447::AID-NAU6>3.0.CO;2-Q
    • Walter P, Grosse J, Bihr AM, et al. Bioavailability of trospium chloride after intravesical instillation in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction: a pilot study. Neurourol Urodyn 1999; 18 (5): 447-53 (Pubitemid 29468396)
    • (1999) Neurourology and Urodynamics , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 447-453
    • Walter, P.1    Grosse, J.2    Bihr, A.M.3    Kramer, G.4    Schulz, H.-U.5    Schwantes, U.6    Stohrer, M.7
  • 16
    • 33644851758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravesical instillation of human urine after oral administration of trospium, tolterodine and oxybutynin in a rat model of detrusor overactivity
    • Feb;
    • Kim Y, Yoshimura N, Masuda H, et al. Intravesical instillation of human urine after oral administration of trospium, tolterodine and oxybutynin in a rat model of detrusor overactivity. BJU Int 2006 Feb; 97 (2): 400-3
    • (2006) BJU Int , vol.97 , Issue.2 , pp. 400-403
    • Kim, Y.1    Yoshimura, N.2    Masuda, H.3
  • 17
    • 51949099353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human urine with solifenacin intake but not tolterodine or darifenacin intake blocks detrusor overactivity
    • Oct;
    • Chuang YC, Thomas CA, Tyagi S, et al. Human urine with solifenacin intake but not tolterodine or darifenacin intake blocks detrusor overactivity. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2008 Oct; 19 (10): 1353-7
    • (2008) Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct , vol.19 , Issue.10 , pp. 1353-1357
    • Chuang, Y.C.1    Thomas, C.A.2    Tyagi, S.3
  • 18
    • 80051588097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The significance of the urine-blood-barrier for urge generation and possible changes in the aging bladder
    • Plas E, Pfluger H, Maier U, et al., editors Vienna: Springer
    • Riedl CR. The significance of the urine-blood-barrier for urge generation and possible changes in the aging bladder. In: Plas E, Pfluger H, Maier U, et al., editors. The aging bladder. Vienna: Springer, 2003: 75-84
    • (2003) The Aging Bladder , pp. 75-84
    • Riedl, C.R.1
  • 28
    • 48049117725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fesoterodine: A novel muscarinic receptor antagonist for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome
    • Jul;
    • Michel MC. Fesoterodine: a novel muscarinic receptor antagonist for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2008 Jul; 9 (10): 1787-96
    • (2008) Expert Opin Pharmacother , vol.9 , Issue.10 , pp. 1787-17
    • Michel, M.C.1
  • 29
    • 80052490652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipophilicity of 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine the active metabolite of fesoterodine
    • July 5-8; Paris
    • Malhotra B, Wood N, Sachse R, et al. Lipophilicity of 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine, the active metabolite of fesoterodine. 4th International Consultation on Incontinence; 2008 July 5-8; Paris
    • (2008) 4th International Consultation on Incontinence
    • Malhotra, B.1    Wood, N.2    Sachse, R.3
  • 30
    • 33750037940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solifenacin succinate for the treatment of symptoms of overactive bladder
    • DOI 10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.09.017, PII S0149291806002244
    • Maniscalco M, Singh-Franco D, Wolowich WR, et al. Solifenacin succinate for the treatment of symptoms of overactive bladder. Clin Ther 2006 Sep; 28 (9): 1247-72 (Pubitemid 44585291)
    • (2006) Clinical Therapeutics , vol.28 , Issue.9 , pp. 1247-1272
    • Maniscalco, M.1    Singh-Franco, D.2    Wolowich, W.R.3    Torres-Colon, R.4
  • 33
    • 32544437047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscarinic receptors in the bladder: From basic research to therapeutics
    • DOI 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706560, PII 0706560
    • Hegde SS. Muscarinic receptors in the bladder: from basic research to therapeutics. Br J Pharmacol 2006 Feb; 147 Suppl. 2: S80-7 (Pubitemid 43237576)
    • (2006) British Journal of Pharmacology , vol.147 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Hegde, S.S.1
  • 35
    • 0142212298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Darifenacin is selective for the human recombinant M2 receptor subtype [abstract no. 445]
    • Aug 20; Heidelburg
    • Napier C, Gupta P. Darifenacin is selective for the human recombinant M2 receptor subtype [abstract no. 445]. Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS); 2002 Aug 20; Heidelburg
    • (2002) Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS)
    • Napier, C.1    Gupta, P.2
  • 36
    • 0035033062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolterodine: A review of its use in the treatment of overactive bladder
    • Clemett D, Jarvis B. Tolterodine: a review of its use in the treatment of overactive bladder. Drugs Aging 2001; 18 (4): 277-304 (Pubitemid 32391815)
    • (2001) Drugs and Aging , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 277-304
    • Clemett, D.1    Jarvis, B.2
  • 37
    • 80051593073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of darifenacin and tolterodine on heart rate (HR) in patients with overactive bladder (OAB) [abstract no. 124]
    • Aug 10; Christchurch
    • Olshansky B, Foote J, Arguinzoniz M, et al. The effects of darifenacin and tolterodine on heart rate (HR) in patients with overactive bladder (OAB) [abstract no. 124]. 36th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS); 2006 Aug 10; Christchurch
    • (2006) 36th Annual Meeting of the International Continence Society (ICS)
    • Olshansky, B.1    Foote, J.2    Arguinzoniz, M.3
  • 38
    • 33847098807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of once-daily controlled-release oxybutynin and immediate-release oxybutynin
    • DOI 10.1177/0091270006297226
    • Reiz JL, Salem P, Darke AC. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of once-daily controlled-release oxybutynin and immediate-release oxybutynin. J Clin Pharmacol 2007 Mar; 47 (3): 351-7 (Pubitemid 46294713)
    • (2007) Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.47 , Issue.3 , pp. 351-357
    • Reiz, J.L.1    Salem, P.2    Darke, A.C.3
  • 39
    • 0344944933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetics of drugs used to treat urge incontinence
    • DOI 10.2165/00003088-200342140-00004
    • Guay DR. Clinical pharmacokinetics of drugs used to treat urge incontinence. Clin Pharmacokinet 2003; 42 (14): 1243-85 (Pubitemid 37491488)
    • (2003) Clinical Pharmacokinetics , vol.42 , Issue.14 , pp. 1243-1285
    • Guay, D.R.P.1
  • 40
    • 10044287107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of antacid on the pharmacokinetics of extended-release formulations of tolterodine and oxybutynin
    • DOI 10.2165/00003088-200443140-00008
    • Sathyan G, Dmochowski RR, Appell RA, et al. Effect of antacid on the pharmacokinetics of extended-release formulations of tolterodine and oxybutynin. Clin Pharmacokinet 2004; 43 (14): 1059-68 (Pubitemid 39602019)
    • (2004) Clinical Pharmacokinetics , vol.43 , Issue.14 , pp. 1059-1068
    • Sathyan, G.1    Dmochowski, R.R.2    Appell, R.A.3    Guo, C.4    Gupta, S.K.5
  • 41
    • 0023785943 scopus 로고
    • Drug interactions that matter: A critical reappraisal
    • Jul;
    • McInnes GT, Brodie MJ. Drug interactions that matter: a critical reappraisal. Drugs 1988 Jul; 36 (1): 83-110
    • (1988) Drugs , vol.36 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-110
    • McInnes, G.T.1    Brodie, M.J.2
  • 42
    • 34247118744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polypharmacy: When is it rational?
    • DOI 10.1097/01.pra.0000265766.25495.3b, PII 0013174620070300000006
    • Preskorn SH, Lacey RL. Polypharmacy: when is it rational? J Psychiatr Pract 2007 Mar; 13 (2): 97-105 (Pubitemid 46588311)
    • (2007) Journal of Psychiatric Practice , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 97-105
    • Preskorn, S.H.1    Lacey, R.L.2
  • 43
    • 0032701649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolterodine-warfarin drug interaction
    • Nov;
    • Colucci VJ, Rivey MP. Tolterodine-warfarin drug interaction. Ann Pharmacother 1999 Nov; 33 (11): 1173-6
    • (1999) Ann Pharmacother , vol.33 , Issue.11 , pp. 1173-1176
    • Colucci, V.J.1    Rivey, M.P.2
  • 44
    • 33646381604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probable interaction between tolterodine and warfarin
    • Taylor JR. Probable interaction between tolterodine and warfarin. Pharmacotherapy 2006 May; 26 (5): 719-21 (Pubitemid 43673057)
    • (2006) Pharmacotherapy , vol.26 , Issue.5 , pp. 719-721
    • Taylor, J.R.1
  • 45
    • 0036918633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of tolterodine on the anticoagulant actions and pharmacokinetics of single-dose warfarin in healthy volunteers
    • Rahimy M, Hallen B, Narang P. Effect of tolterodine on the anticoagulant actions and pharmacokinetics of single-dose warfarin in healthy volunteers. Arzneimittelforschung 2002; 52 (12): 890-5 (Pubitemid 36033186)
    • (2002) Arzneimittel-Forschung/Drug Research , vol.52 , Issue.12 , pp. 890-895
    • Rahimy, M.1    Hallen, B.2    Narang, P.3
  • 46
    • 19444376971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug metabolism and variability among patients in drug response
    • May 26;
    • Wilkinson GR. Drug metabolism and variability among patients in drug response.N Engl J Med 2005 May 26; 352 (21): 2211-21
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.352 , Issue.21 , pp. 2211-2221
    • Wilkinson, G.R.1
  • 47
    • 0032869577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoxetine inhibits the metabolism of tolterodine: Pharmacokinetic implications and proposed clinical relevance
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00051.x
    • Brynne N, Svanstrom C, Aberg-Wistedt A, et al. Fluoxetine inhibits the metabolism of tolterodine-pharmacokinetic implications and proposed clinical relevance. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999 Oct; 48 (4): 553-63 (Pubitemid 29454236)
    • (1999) British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.48 , Issue.4 , pp. 553-563
    • Brynne, N.1    Svanstrom, C.2    Aberg-Wistedt, A.3    Hallen, B.4    Bertilsson, L.5
  • 48
    • 33645508969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-drug interaction potential of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist for the treatment of overactive bladder, with cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 inhibitors and substrates [abstract]
    • Devineni D, Skerjanec A, Woodworth TG. Drug-drug interaction potential of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist for the treatment of overactive bladder, with cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 inhibitors and substrates [abstract]. AAPS J 2005; 7 Suppl. 2: M1302
    • (2005) AAPS J , vol.7 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Devineni, D.1    Skerjanec, A.2    Woodworth, T.G.3
  • 49
    • 33645508969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-drug interaction potential of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist for the treatment of overactive bladder, with cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitors and substrates [abstract]
    • Devineni D, Skerjanec A, Woodworth TG. Drug-drug interaction potential of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist for the treatment of overactive bladder, with cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitors and substrates [abstract]. AAPS J 2005; 7 Suppl. 2: M1300
    • (2005) AAPS J , vol.7 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Devineni, D.1    Skerjanec, A.2    Woodworth, T.G.3
  • 50
    • 68849110762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of drug-drug interactions with fesoterodine
    • Jun;
    • Malhotra B, Sachse R, Wood N. Evaluation of drug-drug interactions with fesoterodine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2009 Jun; 65 (6): 551-60
    • (2009) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.65 , Issue.6 , pp. 551-560
    • Malhotra, B.1    Sachse, R.2    Wood, N.3
  • 51
    • 0000446860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of CYP3A4 inhibitor effects on the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of extended release oxybutynin and conventional oxybutynin [abstract]
    • Sathyan G, Hu W, Chancellor MB, et al. Comparison of CYP3A4 inhibitor effects on the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of extended release oxybutynin and conventional oxybutynin [abstract]. Pharm Sci 1999; 1: 2056
    • (1999) Pharm Sci , vol.1 , pp. 2056
    • Sathyan, G.1    Hu, W.2    Chancellor, M.B.3
  • 54
    • 22244474969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetics of trospium chloride
    • DOI 10.2165/00003088-200544070-00003
    • Doroshyenko O, Jetter A, Odenthal KP, et al. Clinical pharmacokinetics of trospium chloride. Clin Pharmacokinet 2005; 44 (7): 701-20 (Pubitemid 40994080)
    • (2005) Clinical Pharmacokinetics , vol.44 , Issue.7 , pp. 701-720
    • Doroshyenko, O.1    Jetter, A.2    Odenthal, K.P.3    Fuhr, U.4
  • 55
    • 33745086570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive power of an in vitro system to assess drug interactions of an antimuscarinic medication: A comparison of in vitro and in vivo drug-drug interaction studies of trospium chloride with digoxin
    • DOI 10.1177/0091270006289481
    • Sandage B, Sabounjian L, Shipley J, et al. Predictive power of an in vitro system to assess drug interactions of an antimuscarinic medication: a comparison of in vitro and in vivo drug-drug interaction studies of trospium chloride with digoxin. J Clin Pharmacol 2006 Jul; 46 (7): 776-84 (Pubitemid 43882801)
    • (2006) Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.46 , Issue.7 , pp. 776-784
    • Sandage, B.1    Sabounjian, L.2    Shipley, J.3    Profy, A.4    Lasseter, K.5    Fox, L.6    Harnett, M.7
  • 56
    • 80051595749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data on file, Allergan, Inc
    • Data on file, Allergan, Inc.
  • 57
    • 33745861002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of the antimuscarinic agents darifenacin and oxybutynin ER on memory in older subjects
    • DOI 10.1016/j.eururo.2006.03.057, PII S0302283806003587
    • Kay G, Crook T, Rekeda L, et al. Differential effects of the antimuscarinic agents darifenacin and oxybutynin ER on memory in older subjects. Eur Urol 2006 Aug; 50 (2): 317-26 (Pubitemid 44038078)
    • (2006) European Urology , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 317-326
    • Kay, G.1    Crook, T.2    Rekeda, L.3    Lima, R.4    Ebinger, U.5    Arguinzoniz, M.6    Steel, M.7
  • 58
    • 16244374330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central nervous system safety of anticholinergic drugs for the treatment of overactive bladder in the elderly
    • DOI 10.1016/j.clinthera.2005.02.014
    • Scheife R, Takeda M. Central nervous system safety of anticholinergic drugs for the treatment of overactive bladder in the elderly. Clin Ther 2005 Feb; 27 (2): 144-53 (Pubitemid 40462007)
    • (2005) Clinical Therapeutics , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 144-153
    • Scheife, R.1    Takeda, M.2
  • 59
    • 77955247789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trospium chloride is undetectable in the older human central nervous system
    • Aug;
    • Staskin D, Kay G, Tannenbaum C, et al. Trospium chloride is undetectable in the older human central nervous system. J Am Geriatr Soc 2010 Aug; 58 (8): 1618-9
    • (2010) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.58 , Issue.8 , pp. 1618-1619
    • Staskin, D.1    Kay, G.2    Tannenbaum, C.3
  • 60
    • 77954647114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trospium chloride has no effect on memory testing and is assay undetectable in the central nervous system of older patients with overactive bladder
    • Aug;
    • Staskin D, Kay G, Tannenbaum C, et al. Trospium chloride has no effect on memory testing and is assay undetectable in the central nervous system of older patients with overactive bladder. Int J Clin Pract 2010 Aug; 64 (9): 1294-300
    • (2010) Int J Clin Pract , vol.64 , Issue.9 , pp. 1294-1300
    • Staskin, D.1    Kay, G.2    Tannenbaum, C.3
  • 61
    • 67649414315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of p-glycoprotein in limiting brain penetration of the peripherally acting anticholinergic overactive bladder drug trospium chloride
    • Jul;
    • Geyer J, Gavrilova O, Petzinger E. The role of p-glycoprotein in limiting brain penetration of the peripherally acting anticholinergic overactive bladder drug trospium chloride. Drug Metab Dispos 2009 Jul; 37 (7): 1371-4
    • (2009) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.37 , Issue.7 , pp. 1371-1374
    • Geyer, J.1    Gavrilova, O.2    Petzinger, E.3
  • 62
    • 76449117101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in the brain penetration of the anticholinergic drugs trospium chloride and oxybutynin
    • Feb;
    • Geyer J, Gavrilova O, Schwantes U. Differences in the brain penetration of the anticholinergic drugs trospium chloride and oxybutynin. UroToday Int J 2010 Feb; 3 (1)
    • (2010) UroToday Int J , vol.3 , Issue.1
    • Geyer, J.1    Gavrilova, O.2    Schwantes, U.3
  • 63
    • 33645515459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical pharmacokinetics of darifenacin
    • Skerjanec A. The clinical pharmacokinetics of darifenacin. Clin Pharmacokinet 2006; 45 (4): 325-50
    • (2006) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.45 , Issue.4 , pp. 325-350
    • Skerjanec, A.1
  • 65
    • 47949098266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of antimuscarinic treatments in overactive bladder: An update of a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Sep;
    • Chapple CR, Khullar V, Gabriel Z, et al. The effects of antimuscarinic treatments in overactive bladder: an update of a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Urol 2008 Sep; 54 (3): 543-62
    • (2008) Eur Urol , vol.54 , Issue.3 , pp. 543-562
    • Chapple, C.R.1    Khullar, V.2    Gabriel, Z.3
  • 66
    • 32044463731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist (M3 SRA), compared with oxybutynin in the treatment of patients with overactive bladder
    • Sep;
    • Zinner N, Tuttle J, Marks L, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist (M3 SRA), compared with oxybutynin in the treatment of patients with overactive bladder. World J Urol 2005 Sep; 23 (4): 248-52
    • (2005) World J Urol , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 248-252
    • Zinner, N.1    Tuttle, J.2    Marks, L.3
  • 67
    • 0344395127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy and tolerability of extended-release tolterodine and immediate-release oxybutynin in Japanese and Korean patients with an overactive bladder: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1464-410X.2003.04468.x
    • Homma Y, Paick JS, Lee JG, et al. Clinical efficacy and tolerability of extended-release tolterodine and immediaterelease oxybutynin in Japanese and Korean patients with an overactive bladder: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial [published erratum appears in BJU Int 2004 May; 93 (7): 1135]. BJU Int 2003 Nov; 92 (7): 741-7 (Pubitemid 37475818)
    • (2003) BJU International , vol.92 , Issue.7 , pp. 741-747
    • Homma, Y.1    Paick, J.S.2    Lee, J.G.3    Kawabe, K.4
  • 68
    • 0035047008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolterodine: Superior tolerability than and comparable efficacy to oxybutynin in individuals 50 years old or older with overactive bladder: A randomized controlled trial
    • Malone-Lee J, Shaffu B, Anand C, et al. Tolterodine: superior tolerability than and comparable efficacy to oxybutynin in individuals 50 years old or older with overactive bladder-a randomized controlled trial. J Urol 2001 May; 165 (5): 1452-6 (Pubitemid 32410212)
    • (2001) Journal of Urology , vol.165 , Issue.5 , pp. 1452-1456
    • Malone-Lee, J.1    Shaffu, B.2    Anand, C.3    Powell, C.4
  • 69
  • 71
    • 33646477041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nighttime dosing with tolterodine reduces overactive bladder-related nocturnal micturitions in patients with overactive bladder and nocturia
    • Apr; discussion, 736
    • Rackley R, Weiss JP, Rovner ES, et al. Nighttime dosing with tolterodine reduces overactive bladder-related nocturnal micturitions in patients with overactive bladder and nocturia. Urology 2006 Apr; 67 (4): 731-6; discussion, 736
    • (2006) Urology , vol.67 , Issue.4 , pp. 731-736
    • Rackley, R.1    Weiss, J.P.2    Rovner, E.S.3
  • 72
    • 0035126767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolterodine once-daily: Superior efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of the overactive bladder
    • DOI 10.1016/S0090-4295(00)01113-4, PII S0090429500011134
    • Van Kerrebroeck P, Kreder K, Jonas U, et al. Tolterodine once-daily: superior efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of the overactive bladder. Urology 2001 Mar; 57 (3): 414-21 (Pubitemid 32192963)
    • (2001) Urology , vol.57 , Issue.3 , pp. 414-421
    • Van Kerrebroeck, P.1    Kreder, K.2    Jonas, U.3    Zinner, N.4    Wein, A.5
  • 73
    • 0036252468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of extended-release once-daily tolterodine treatment for overactive bladder in older versus younger patients
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50203.x
    • Zinner NR, Mattiasson A, Stanton SL, et al. Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of extended-release once-daily tolterodine treatment for overactive bladder in older versus younger patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002 May; 50 (5): 799-807 (Pubitemid 34496674)
    • (2002) Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , vol.50 , Issue.5 , pp. 799-807
    • Zinner, N.R.1    Mattiasson, A.2    Stanton, S.L.3
  • 74
    • 33645749252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of tolterodine extended-release in men with overactive bladder and urgency urinary incontinence
    • May
    • Roehrborn CG, Abrams P, Rovner ES, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of tolterodine extended-release in men with overactive bladder and urgency urinary incontinence. BJU Int 2006 May; 97 (5): 1003-6
    • (2006) BJU Int , vol.97 , Issue.5 , pp. 1003-1006
    • Roehrborn, C.G.1    Abrams, P.2    Rovner, E.S.3
  • 75
    • 0037905794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective, randomized, double-blind study of the efficacy and tolerability of the extended-release formulations of oxybutynin and tolterodine for overactive bladder: Results of the OPERA trial
    • Diokno AC, Appell RA, Sand PK, et al. Prospective, randomized, double-blind study of the efficacy and tolerability of the extended-release formulations of oxybutynin and tolterodine for overactive bladder: results of the OPERA trial. Mayo Clin Proc 2003 Jun; 78 (6): 687-95 (Pubitemid 36665898)
    • (2003) Mayo Clinic Proceedings , vol.78 , Issue.6 , pp. 687-695
    • Diokno, A.C.1    Appell, R.A.2    Sand, P.K.3    Dmochowski, R.R.4    Gburek, B.M.5    Klimberg, I.W.6    Kell, S.H.7
  • 76
    • 20444486259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extendedrelease formulations of oxybutynin and tolterodine exhibit similar central nervous system tolerability profiles: A subanalysis of data from the OPERA trial
    • Jun; discussion, 1854-5
    • Chu FM, Dmochowski RR, Lama DJ, et al. Extendedrelease formulations of oxybutynin and tolterodine exhibit similar central nervous system tolerability profiles: a subanalysis of data from the OPERA trial. Am J Obstetr Gynecol 2005 Jun; 192 (6): 1849-54; discussion, 1854-5
    • (2005) Am J Obstetr Gynecol , vol.192 , Issue.6 , pp. 1849-1854
    • Chu, F.M.1    Dmochowski, R.R.2    Lama, D.J.3
  • 77
    • 12544253619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of cognitive function of the elderly population: Effects of darifenacin
    • Feb;
    • Lipton RB, Kolodner K, Wesnes K. Assessment of cognitive function of the elderly population: effects of darifenacin. J Urol 2005 Feb; 173 (2): 493-8
    • (2005) J Urol , vol.173 , Issue.2 , pp. 493-498
    • Lipton, R.B.1    Kolodner, K.2    Wesnes, K.3
  • 79
    • 80051584887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do effects of oxybutynin on cognition depend on the route of administration: Topical or oral? [abstract no. P15]. Mid-Atlantic Section of the American Urological Association 68th Annual Meeting
    • Kay GG, Staskin DR, MacDiarmid SA, et al. Do effects of oxybutynin on cognition depend on the route of administration: topical or oral? [abstract no. P15]. Mid-Atlantic Section of the American Urological Association 68th Annual Meeting. Can J Urol 2010; 17 (4): 5316
    • (2010) Can J Urol , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 5316
    • Kay, G.G.1    Staskin, D.R.2    MacDiarmid, S.A.3
  • 80
    • 43249097485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the cognitive effect, safety, and tolerability of oral extended-release oxybutynin in cognitively impaired nursing home residents with urge urinary incontinence
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01680.x
    • Lackner TE, Wyman JF, McCarthy TC, et al. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the cognitive effect, safety, and tolerability of oral extended-release oxybutynin in cognitively impaired nursing home residents with urge urinary incontinence. J Am Geriatr Soc 2008 May; 56 (5): 862-70 (Pubitemid 351652413)
    • (2008) Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , vol.56 , Issue.5 , pp. 862-870
    • Lackner, T.E.1    Wyman, J.F.2    McCarthy, T.C.3    Monigold, M.4    Davey, C.5
  • 81
    • 70350490539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trospium and cognition in patients with late onset Alzheimer disease
    • Oct;
    • Isik AT, Celik T, Bozoglu E, et al. Trospium and cognition in patients with late onset Alzheimer disease. J Nutr Health Aging 2009 Oct; 13 (8): 672-6
    • (2009) J Nutr Health Aging , vol.13 , Issue.8 , pp. 672-676
    • Isik, A.T.1    Celik, T.2    Bozoglu, E.3
  • 82
    • 22744457363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive, behavioral, and physiological changes in Alzheimer disease patients as a function of incontinence medications
    • DOI 10.1176/appi.ajgp.13.4.324
    • Jewart RD, Green J, Lu CJ, et al. Cognitive, behavioral, and physiological changes in Alzheimer disease patients as a function of incontinence medications. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005 Apr; 13 (4): 324-8 (Pubitemid 41031080)
    • (2005) American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 324-328
    • Jewart, R.D.1    Green, J.2    Lu, C.-J.3    Cellar, J.4    Tune, L.E.5
  • 83
    • 77956332852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concomitant medications and possible side effects of antimuscarinic agents
    • Spring
    • MacDiarmid SA. Concomitant medications and possible side effects of antimuscarinic agents. Rev Urol 2008 Spring; 10 (2): 92-8
    • (2008) Rev Urol , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 92-98
    • MacDiarmid, S.A.1
  • 84
    • 0034795320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticholinergic effects of medication in elderly patients
    • Tune LE. Anticholinergic effects of medication in elderly patients. J Clin Psychiatry 2001; 62 Suppl. 21: 11-4 (Pubitemid 32937572)
    • (2001) Journal of Clinical Psychiatry , vol.62 , Issue.SUPPL. 22 , pp. 11-14
    • Tune, L.E.1
  • 85
    • 0026668120 scopus 로고
    • Anticholinergic effects of drugs commonly prescribed for the elderly: Potential means for assessing risk of delirium
    • Oct;
    • Tune L, Carr S, Hoag E, et al. Anticholinergic effects of drugs commonly prescribed for the elderly: potential means for assessing risk of delirium. AmJ Psychiatry 1992 Oct; 149 (10): 1393-4
    • (1992) AmJ Psychiatry , vol.149 , Issue.10 , pp. 1393-1394
    • Tune, L.1    Carr, S.2    Hoag, E.3
  • 86
    • 0035010117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of tolterodine, trospium chloride, and oxybutynin on the central nervous system
    • DOI 10.1177/00912700122010528
    • Todorova A, Vonderheid-Guth B, Dimpfel W. Effects of tolterodine, trospium chloride, and oxybutynin on the central nervous system. J Clin Pharmacol 2001 Jun; 41 (6): 636-44 (Pubitemid 32493358)
    • (2001) Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.41 , Issue.6 , pp. 636-644
    • Todorova, A.1    Vonderheid-Guth, B.2    Dimpfel, W.3
  • 88
    • 14144252093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects on sleep of anticholinergics used for overactive bladder treatment in healthy volunteers aged ≥50 years
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05296.x
    • Diefenbach K, Arold G,Wollny A, et al. Effects on sleep of anticholinergics used for overactive bladder treatment in healthy volunteers aged ‡50 years. BJU Int 2005 Feb; 95 (3): 346-9 (Pubitemid 40283121)
    • (2005) BJU International , vol.95 , Issue.3 , pp. 346-349
    • Diefenbach, K.1    Arold, G.2    Wollny, A.3    Schwantes, U.4    Haselmann, J.5    Roots, I.6
  • 89
    • 45249089669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of tolterodine on sleep structure modulated by CYP2D6 genotype
    • DOI 10.1016/j.sleep.2007.07.019, PII S1389945707003024
    • Diefenbach K, Jaeger K, Wollny A, et al. Effect of tolterodine on sleep structure modulated by CYP2D6 genotype. Sleep Med 2008 Jul; 9 (5): 579-82 (Pubitemid 351837477)
    • (2008) Sleep Medicine , vol.9 , Issue.5 , pp. 579-582
    • Diefenbach, K.1    Jaeger, K.2    Wollny, A.3    Penzel, T.4    Fietze, I.5    Roots, I.6
  • 90
    • 0031583646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxybutynin and cognitive dysfunction
    • Nov 22;
    • Donnellan CA, Fook L, McDonald P, et al. Oxybutynin and cognitive dysfunction. BMJ 1997 Nov 22; 315 (7119): 1363-4
    • (1997) BMJ , vol.315 , Issue.7119 , pp. 1363-1364
    • Donnellan, C.A.1    Fook, L.2    McDonald, P.3
  • 91
    • 0036081737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of delirium with concomitant use of tolterodine and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors [3]
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50281.x
    • Edwards KR, O'Connor JT. Risk of delirium with concomitant use of tolterodine and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002 Jun; 50 (6): 1165-6 (Pubitemid 34666332)
    • (2002) Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , vol.50 , Issue.6 , pp. 1165-1166
    • Edwards, K.R.1    O'Connor, J.T.2
  • 92
    • 0034864592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety profile of tolterodine as used in general practice in England: Results of prescription-event monitoring
    • Layton D, Pearce GL, Shakir SA. Safety profile of tolterodine as used in general practice in England: results of prescriptionevent monitoring. Drug Saf 2001; 24 (9): 703-13 (Pubitemid 32758569)
    • (2001) Drug Safety , vol.24 , Issue.9 , pp. 703-713
    • Layton, D.1    Pearce, G.L.2    Shakir, S.A.W.3
  • 94
    • 0344874652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient memory impairment and hallucinations associated with tolterodine use
    • DOI 10.1056/NEJM200312043492325
    • Tsao JW, Heilman KM. Transient memory impairment and hallucinations associated with tolterodine use.NEngl J Med 2003 Dec 4; 349 (23): 2274-5 (Pubitemid 37485153)
    • (2003) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.349 , Issue.23 , pp. 2274-2275
    • Tsao, J.W.1    Heilman, K.M.2
  • 95
    • 33645317063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HERG potassium channels and cardiac arrhythmia
    • Mar 23;
    • Sanguinetti MC, Tristani-Firouzi M. hERG potassium channels and cardiac arrhythmia. Nature 2006 Mar 23; 440 (7083): 463-9
    • (2006) Nature , vol.440 , Issue.7083 , pp. 463-469
    • Sanguinetti, M.C.1    Tristani-Firouzi, M.2
  • 100
    • 23944433368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solifenacin is effective for the treatment of OAB dry patients: A pooled analysis
    • DOI 10.1016/j.eururo.2005.06.007, PII S0302283805003751
    • Abrams P, Swift S. Solifenacin is effective for the treatment of OAB dry patients: a pooled analysis. Eur Urol 2005 Sep; 48 (3): 483-7 (Pubitemid 41188409)
    • (2005) European Urology , vol.48 , Issue.3 , pp. 483-487
    • Abrams, P.1    Swift, S.2
  • 102
    • 5444230777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial of the once daily antimuscarinic agent solifenacin succinate in patients with overactive bladder
    • DOI 10.1097/01.ju.0000140729.07840.16
    • Cardozo L, Lisec M, Millard R, et al. Randomized, doubleblind placebo controlled trial of the once daily antimuscarinic agent solifenacin succinate in patients with overactive bladder. J Urol 2004 Nov; 172 (5 Pt 1): 1919-24 (Pubitemid 39363090)
    • (2004) Journal of Urology , vol.172 , Issue.5 , pp. 1919-1924
    • Cardozo, L.1    Lisec, M.2    Millard, R.3    Van Vierssen Trip, O.4    Kuzmin, I.5    Drogendijk, T.E.6    Huang, M.7    Ridder, A.M.8
  • 103
    • 18544379289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 selective receptor antagonist, in the treatment of overactive bladder
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05454.x
    • Chapple C, Steers W, Norton P, et al. A pooled analysis of three phase III studies to investigate the efficacy, tolerability and safety of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist, in the treatment of overactive bladder. BJU Int 2005 May; 95 (7): 993-1001 (Pubitemid 40655694)
    • (2005) BJU International , vol.95 , Issue.7 , pp. 993-1001
    • Chapple, C.1    Steers, W.2    Norton, P.3    Millard, R.4    Kralidis, G.5    Glavind, K.6    Abrams, P.7
  • 104
    • 1642538375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solifenacin appears effective and well tolerated in patients with symptomatic idiopathic detrusor overactivity in a placebo-and tolterodine-controlled phase 2 dose-finding study [published erratum appears in BJU Int 2004 May; 93 (7): 1135]
    • Jan;
    • Chapple CR, Arano P, Bosch JL, et al. Solifenacin appears effective and well tolerated in patients with symptomatic idiopathic detrusor overactivity in a placebo-and tolterodine-controlled phase 2 dose-finding study [published erratum appears in BJU Int 2004 May; 93 (7): 1135]. BJU Int 2004 Jan; 93 (1): 71-7
    • BJU Int 2004 , vol.93 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-77
    • Chapple, C.R.1    Arano, P.2    Bosch, J.L.3
  • 105
    • 53849143605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of fesoterodine and tolterodine in patients with overactive bladder
    • Jul 21;
    • Chapple CR, Van Kerrebroeck PE, Junemann KP, et al. Comparison of fesoterodine and tolterodine in patients with overactive bladder. BJU Int 2008 Jul 21; 102 (9): 1128-32
    • (2008) BJU Int , vol.102 , Issue.9 , pp. 1128-1132
    • Chapple, C.R.1    Van Kerrebroeck, P.E.2    Junemann, K.P.3
  • 107
    • 33644844775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdermal oxybutynin in the treatment of adults with overactive bladder: Combined results of two randomized clinical trials
    • Sep;
    • Dmochowski RR, Nitti V, Staskin D, et al. Transdermal oxybutynin in the treatment of adults with overactive bladder: combined results of two randomized clinical trials. World J Urol 2005 Sep; 23 (4): 263-70
    • (2005) World J Urol , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 263-270
    • Dmochowski, R.R.1    Nitti, V.2    Staskin, D.3
  • 108
    • 0041622711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative efficacy and safety of transdermal oxybutynin and oral tolterodine versus placebo in previously treated patients with urge and mixed urinary incontinence
    • DOI 10.1016/S0090-4295(03)00356-X
    • Dmochowski RR, Sand PK, Zinner NR, et al. Comparative efficacy and safety of transdermal oxybutynin and oral tolterodine versus placebo in previously treated patients with urge and mixed urinary incontinence. Urology 2003 Aug; 62 (2): 237-42 (Pubitemid 36952069)
    • (2003) Urology , vol.62 , Issue.2 , pp. 237-242
    • Dmochowski, R.R.1    Sand, P.K.2    Zinner, N.R.3    Gittelman, M.C.4    Davila, G.W.5    Sanders, S.W.6
  • 109
    • 40649104776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trospium 60 mg Once Daily (QD) for Overactive Bladder Syndrome: Results from a Placebo-Controlled Interventional Study
    • DOI 10.1016/j.urology.2007.11.008, PII S0090429507023564
    • Dmochowski RR, Sand PK, Zinner NR, et al. Trospium 60 mg once daily (QD) for overactive bladder syndrome: results from a placebo-controlled interventional study. Urology 2008 Mar; 71 (3): 449-54 (Pubitemid 351374733)
    • (2008) Urology , vol.71 , Issue.3 , pp. 449-454
    • Dmochowski, R.R.1    Sand, P.K.2    Zinner, N.R.3    Staskin, D.R.4
  • 110
    • 23944480846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 selective receptor antagonist
    • DOI 10.1016/j.eururo.2005.05.009, PII S0302283805003027
    • Foote J, Glavind K, Kralidis G, et al. Treatment of overactive bladder in the older patient: pooled analysis of three phase III studies of darifenacin, an M3 selective receptor antagonist. Eur Urol 2005 Sep; 48 (3): 471-7 (Pubitemid 41188407)
    • (2005) European Urology , vol.48 , Issue.3 , pp. 471-477
    • Foote, J.1    Glavind, K.2    Kralidis, G.3    Wyndaele, J.-J.4
  • 111
    • 0141921336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced perception of urgency in treatment of overactive bladder with extended-release tolterodine
    • DOI 10.1016/S0029-7844(03)00623-9
    • Freeman R, Hill S, Millard R, et al. Reduced perception of urgency in treatment of overactive bladder with extendedrelease tolterodine. Obstetr Gynecol 2003 Sep; 102 (3): 605-11 (Pubitemid 37311230)
    • (2003) Obstetrics and Gynecology , vol.102 , Issue.3 , pp. 605-611
    • Freeman, R.1    Hill, S.2    Millard, R.3    Slack, M.4    Sutherst, J.5
  • 112
    • 1642276168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 selective receptor antagonist, is an effective and well-tolerated once-daily treatment for overactive bladder
    • DOI 10.1016/j.eururo.2004.01.008, PII S0302283804000120
    • Haab F, Stewart L, Dwyer P. Darifenacin, an M3 selective receptor antagonist, is an effective and well-tolerated once-daily treatment for overactive bladder. Eur Urol 2004 Apr; 45 (4): 420-9; discussion, 429 (Pubitemid 38376197)
    • (2004) European Urology , vol.45 , Issue.4 , pp. 420-429
    • Haab, F.1    Stewart, L.2    Dwyer, P.3
  • 113
    • 21644437439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health-related quality of life of Japanese patients with overactive bladder treated with extended-release tolterodine or immediate-release oxybutynin: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial
    • DOI 10.1007/s00345-004-0455-3
    • Homma Y, Kawabe K. Health-related quality of life of Japanese patients with overactive bladder treated with extended-release tolterodine or immediate-release oxybutynin: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. World J Urol 2004 Oct; 22 (4): 251-6 (Pubitemid 41406544)
    • (2004) World Journal of Urology , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 251-256
    • Homma, Y.1    Kawabe, K.2
  • 114
    • 33746811410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolterodine extended release improves overactive bladder symptoms in men with overactive bladder and nocturia
    • DOI 10.1016/j.urology.2006.03.006, PII S0090429506003487
    • Kaplan SA, Roehrborn CG, Dmochowski R, et al. Tolterodine extended release improves overactive bladder symptoms in men with overactive bladder and nocturia. Urology 2006 Aug; 68 (2): 328-32 (Pubitemid 44175507)
    • (2006) Urology , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 328-332
    • Kaplan, S.A.1    Roehrborn, C.G.2    Dmochowski, R.3    Rovner, E.S.4    Wang, J.T.5    Guan, Z.6
  • 115
    • 42749089770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fesoterodine dose response in subjects with overactive bladder syndrome
    • May
    • Khullar V, Rovner ES, Dmochowski R, et al. Fesoterodine dose response in subjects with overactive bladder syndrome. Urology 2008 May; 71 (5): 839-43
    • (2008) Urology , vol.71 , Issue.5 , pp. 839-843
    • Khullar, V.1    Rovner, E.S.2    Dmochowski, R.3
  • 116
    • 30844469073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of solifenacin in patients with severe symptoms of overactive bladder: A pooled analysis
    • DOI 10.1185/030079905X74907, 3207
    • Millard RJ, Halaska M. Efficacy of solifenacin in patients with severe symptoms of overactive bladder: a pooled analysis. Curr Med Res Opin 2006 Jan; 22 (1): 41-8 (Pubitemid 43106906)
    • (2006) Current Medical Research and Opinion , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-48
    • Millard, R.J.1    Halaska, M.2
  • 118
    • 34547679417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Once daily trospium chloride is effective and well tolerated for the treatment of overactive bladder: Results from a multicenter phase III trial
    • Sep; discussion, 983-4
    • Staskin D, Sand P, Zinner N, et al. Once daily trospium chloride is effective and well tolerated for the treatment of overactive bladder: results from a multicenter phase III trial. JUrol 2007 Sep; 178 (3 Pt 1): 978-83; discussion, 983-4
    • (2007) JUrol , vol.178 , Issue.3 PART 1 , pp. 978-983
    • Staskin, D.1    Sand, P.2    Zinner, N.3
  • 119
    • 33745221641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short- and long-term efficacy of solifenacin treatment in patients with symptoms of mixed urinary incontinence
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2006.06150.x
    • Staskin DR, Te AE. Short-and long-term efficacy of solifenacin treatment in patients with symptoms of mixed urinary incontinence. BJU Int 2006 Jun; 97 (6): 1256-61 (Pubitemid 43907333)
    • (2006) BJU International , vol.97 , Issue.6 , pp. 1256-1261
    • Staskin, D.R.1    Te, A.E.2
  • 120
    • 14644417909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An investigation of dose titration with darifenacin an M3-selective receptor antagonist [published erratum appears in BJU Int 2005 Jun; 95 (9): 1385-6]
    • Mar;
    • Steers W, Corcos J, Foote J, et al. An investigation of dose titration with darifenacin, an M3-selective receptor antagonist [published erratum appears in BJU Int 2005 Jun; 95 (9): 1385-6]. BJU Int 2005 Mar; 95 (4): 580-6
    • BJU Int 2005 , vol.95 , Issue.4 , pp. 580-586
    • Steers, W.1    Corcos, J.2    Foote, J.3
  • 121
    • 33646770677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerability of solifenacin in elderly subjects with overactive bladder syndrome: A pooled analysis
    • Mar;
    • Wagg A, Wyndaele JJ, Sieber P, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of solifenacin in elderly subjects with overactive bladder syndrome: a pooled analysis. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother 2006 Mar; 4 (1): 14-24
    • (2006) Am J Geriatr Pharmacother , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 14-24
    • Wagg, A.1    Wyndaele, J.J.2    Sieber, P.3
  • 123
    • 33644846418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy, tolerability and safety of darifenacin, an M(3) selective receptor antagonist: An investigation of warning time in patients with OAB [published erratum appears in Int J Clin Pract 2006 Jul; 60 (7): 890]
    • Jan;
    • ZinnerN, Susset J, Gittelman M, et al. Efficacy, tolerability and safety of darifenacin, an M(3) selective receptor antagonist: an investigation of warning time in patients with OAB [published erratum appears in Int J Clin Pract 2006 Jul; 60 (7): 890]. Int J Clin Pract 2006 Jan; 60 (1): 119-26
    • (2006) Int J Clin Pract , vol.60 , Issue.1 , pp. 119-126
    • Zinner, N.1    Susset, J.2    Gittelman, M.3
  • 124
    • 62049083475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of oxybutynin chloride topical gel for overactive bladder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, multicenter study
    • Apr;
    • Staskin DR, Dmochowski RR, Sand PK, et al. Efficacy and safety of oxybutynin chloride topical gel for overactive bladder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, multicenter study. J Urol 2009 Apr; 181 (4): 1764-72
    • (2009) J Urol , vol.181 , Issue.4 , pp. 1764-1772
    • Staskin, D.R.1    Dmochowski, R.R.2    Sand, P.K.3
  • 125
    • 36649018085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and tolerability of extended-release oxybutynin once daily in urinary incontinence: Combined results from two phase 4 controlled clinical trials
    • DOI 10.1007/s11255-006-9157-7
    • Armstrong RB, Dmochowski RR, Sand PK, et al. Safety and tolerability of extended-release oxybutynin once daily in urinary incontinence: combined results from two phase 4 controlled clinical trials. Int Urol Nephrol 2007; 39 (4): 1069-77 (Pubitemid 350193596)
    • (2007) International Urology and Nephrology , vol.39 , Issue.4 , pp. 1069-1077
    • Armstrong, R.B.1    Dmochowski, R.R.2    Sand, P.K.3    MacDiarmid, S.4
  • 126
    • 25144486221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of dry mouth in women treated with extended-release formulations of oxybutynin or tolterodine for overactive bladder
    • DOI 10.1007/s11255-004-4703-7
    • Armstrong RB, Luber KM, Peters KM. Comparison of dry mouth in women treated with extended-release formulations of oxybutynin or tolterodine for overactive bladder. Int Urol Nephrol 2005; 37 (2): 247-52 (Pubitemid 41349185)
    • (2005) International Urology and Nephrology , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 247-252
    • Armstrong, R.B.1    Luber, K.M.2    Peters, K.M.3
  • 128
    • 24944511555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of extended release oxybutynin for the treatment of urge incontinence: An analysis of data from 3 flexible dosing studies
    • DOI 10.1097/01.ju.0000173076.93737.d5
    • MacDiarmid SA, Anderson RU, Armstrong RB, et al. Efficacy and safety of extended release oxybutynin for the treatment of urge incontinence: an analysis of data from 3 flexible dosing studies. J Urol 2005 Oct; 174 (4 Pt 1): 1301-5; discussion, 1305 (Pubitemid 41318712)
    • (2005) Journal of Urology , vol.174 , Issue.4 , pp. 1301-1305
    • MacDiarmid, S.A.1    Anderson, R.U.2    Armstrong, R.B.3    Dmochowski, R.R.4
  • 130
    • 23944452838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of solifenacin succinate and extended release tolterodine at treating overactive bladder syndrome: Results of the STAR trial
    • DOI 10.1016/j.eururo.2005.05.015, PII S0302283805003088
    • Chapple CR, Martinez-Garcia R, Selvaggi L, et al. A comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of solifenacin succinate and extended release tolterodine at treating overactive bladder syndrome: results of the STAR trial. Eur Urol 2005 Sep; 48 (3): 464-70 (Pubitemid 41188406)
    • (2005) European Urology , vol.48 , Issue.3 , pp. 464-470
    • Chapple, C.R.1    Martinez-Garcia, R.2    Selvaggi, L.3    Toozs-Hobson, P.4    Warnack, W.5    Drogendijk, T.6    Wright, D.M.7    Bolodeoku, J.8
  • 131
    • 35648994890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Darifenacin treatment of patients ≥ 65 years with overactive bladder: Results of a randomized, controlled, 12-week trial
    • DOI 10.1185/03007X226294
    • Chapple C, DuBeau C, Ebinger U, et al. Darifenacin treatment of patients ‡65 years with overactive bladder: results of a randomized, controlled, 12-week trial. Curr Med Res Opin 2007 Oct; 23 (10): 2347-58 (Pubitemid 350033436)
    • (2007) Current Medical Research and Opinion , vol.23 , Issue.10 , pp. 2347-2358
    • Chapple, C.1    DuBeau, C.2    Ebinger, U.3    Rekeda, L.4    Viegas, A.5
  • 132
    • 79551543569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trospium chloride once-daily extended-release is efficacious and tolerated in elderly subjects (aged ‡75 years) with overactive bladder syndrome
    • Sand PK, Johnson II TM, Rovner ES, et al. Trospium chloride once-daily extended-release is efficacious and tolerated in elderly subjects (aged ‡75 years) with overactive bladder syndrome. BJU Int 2011; 107 (4): 612-20
    • (2011) BJU Int , vol.107 , Issue.4 , pp. 612-620
    • Sand, P.K.1    Johnson, I.I.T.M.2    Rovner, E.S.3
  • 134
    • 0031809695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolterodine, a new antimuscarinic agent: As effective but better tolerated than oxybutynin in patients with an overactive bladder
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1464-410X.1998.00717.x
    • Abrams P, Freeman R, Anderstrom C, et al. Tolterodine, a new antimuscarinic agent: as effective but better tolerated than oxybutynin in patients with an overactive bladder. Br J Urol 1998 Jun; 81 (6): 801-10 (Pubitemid 28300606)
    • (1998) British Journal of Urology , vol.81 , Issue.6 , pp. 801-810
    • Abrams, P.1    Freeman, R.2    Anderstrom, C.3    Mattiasson, A.4
  • 135
    • 0031471714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy and safety of tolterodine in the treatment of overactive bladder: A pooled analysis
    • Dec; discussion, 97-9
    • Appell RA. Clinical efficacy and safety of tolterodine in the treatment of overactive bladder: a pooled analysis. Urology 1997 Dec; 50 (6A Suppl.): 90-6; discussion, 97-9
    • (1997) Urology , vol.50 , Issue.6 A SUPPL. , pp. 90-6
    • Appell, R.A.1
  • 136
    • 0141566414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled, double-blind, multicentre clinical trial to investigate long-term tolerability and efficacy of trospium chloride in patients with detrusor instability
    • DOI 10.1007/s00345-003-0321-8
    • Halaska M, Ralph G, Wiedemann A, et al. Controlled, double-blind, multicentre clinical trial to investigate longterm tolerability and efficacy of trospium chloride in patients with detrusor instability. World JUrol 2003 May; 20 (6): 392-9 (Pubitemid 44175311)
    • (2003) World Journal of Urology , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 392-399
    • Halaska, M.1    Ralph, G.2    Wiedemann, A.3    Primus, G.4    Ballering-Bruhl, B.5    Hofner, K.6    Jonas, U.7
  • 137
    • 34247208991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticholinergic drugs versus placebo for overactive bladder syndrome in adults [update of Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002; (3): CD003781]
    • Nabi G, Cody JD, Ellis G, et al. Anticholinergic drugs versus placebo for overactive bladder syndrome in adults [update of Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002; (3): CD003781]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; (4): CD003781
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Nabi, G.1    Cody, J.D.2    Ellis, G.3
  • 138
    • 33645003584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind randomized dose-response study comparing daily doses of 5, 10 and 15 mg controlled-release oxybutynin: Balancing efficacy with severity of dry mouth
    • Mar;
    • Corcos J, Casey R, Patrick A, et al. A double-blind randomized dose-response study comparing daily doses of 5, 10 and 15 mg controlled-release oxybutynin: balancing efficacy with severity of dry mouth. BJU Int 2006 Mar; 97 (3): 520-7
    • (2006) BJU Int , vol.97 , Issue.3 , pp. 520-527
    • Corcos, J.1    Casey, R.2    Patrick, A.3
  • 139
    • 20644472020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of antimuscarinic treatments in overactive bladder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • DOI 10.1016/j.eururo.2005.02.024, PII S0302283805001314
    • Chapple C, Khullar V, Gabriel Z, et al. The effects of antimuscarinic treatments in overactive bladder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Urol 2005 Jul; 48 (1): 5-26 (Pubitemid 40835585)
    • (2005) European Urology , vol.48 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-26
    • Chapple, C.1    Khullar, V.2    Gabriel, Z.3    Dooley, J.A.4
  • 140
    • 31544474458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Which anticholinergic drug for overactive bladder symptoms in adults
    • Hay-Smith J, Herbison P, Ellis G, et al. Which anticholinergic drug for overactive bladder symptoms in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005; (3): CD005429
    • (2005) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.3
    • Hay-Smith, J.1    Herbison, P.2    Ellis, G.3
  • 141
    • 2442629629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of constipation in North America: A systematic review
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.04114.x
    • Higgins PD, Johanson JF. Epidemiology of constipation in North America: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol 2004 Apr; 99 (4): 750-9 (Pubitemid 38612817)
    • (2004) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.99 , Issue.4 , pp. 750-759
    • Higgins, P.D.R.1    Johanson, J.F.2
  • 142
    • 0027636902 scopus 로고
    • The problems of anticholinergic adverse effects in older patients
    • Jul-Aug;
    • Feinberg M. The problems of anticholinergic adverse effects in older patients. Drugs Aging 1993 Jul-Aug; 3 (4): 335-48
    • (1993) Drugs Aging , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 335-348
    • Feinberg, M.1
  • 143
    • 0027516527 scopus 로고
    • Anticholinergic drug use and bowel function in nursing home patients
    • DOI 10.1001/archinte.153.5.633
    • Monane M, Avorn J, Beers MH, et al. Anticholinergic drug use and bowel function in nursing home patients. Arch Intern Med 1993 Mar 8; 153 (5): 633-8 (Pubitemid 23072392)
    • (1993) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.153 , Issue.5 , pp. 633-638
    • Monane, M.1    Avorn, J.2    Beers, M.H.3    Everitt, D.E.4
  • 144
    • 0029125504 scopus 로고
    • Oxybutynin with bladder retraining for detrusor instability in elderly people: A randomized controlled trial
    • Jul;
    • Szonyi G, Collas DM, Ding YY, et al. Oxybutynin with bladder retraining for detrusor instability in elderly people: a randomized controlled trial. Age Ageing 1995 Jul; 24 (4): 287-91
    • (1995) Age Ageing , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 287-291
    • Szonyi, G.1    Collas, D.M.2    Ding, Y.Y.3
  • 145
    • 0035088137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective randomized controlled trial of extended-release oxybutynin chloride and tolterodine tartrate in the treatment of overactive bladder: Results of the OBJECT study
    • Appell RA, Sand P, Dmochowski R, et al. Prospective randomized controlled trial of extended-release oxybutynin chloride and tolterodine tartrate in the treatment of overactive bladder: results of the OBJECT Study. Mayo Clin Proc 2001 Apr; 76 (4): 358-63 (Pubitemid 32248750)
    • (2001) Mayo Clinic Proceedings , vol.76 , Issue.4 , pp. 358-363
    • Appell, R.A.1    Sand, P.2    Dmochowski, R.3    Anderson, R.4    Zinner, N.5
  • 147
    • 15944374787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The implications of poor medication persistence with treatment for overactive bladder
    • Noe L, Sneeringer R, Patel B, et al. The implications of poor medication persistence with treatment for overactive bladder. Manag Care Interface 2004 Nov; 17 (11): 54-60 (Pubitemid 40444166)
    • (2004) Managed Care Interface , vol.17 , Issue.11 , pp. 54-60
    • Noe, L.1    Sneeringer, R.2    Patel, B.3    Williamson, T.4
  • 148
    • 47749085100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survey assessment of continuation of and satisfaction with pharmacological treatment for urinary incontinence
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00295.x
    • Campbell UB, Stang P, Barron R. Survey assessment of continuation of and satisfaction with pharmacological treatment for urinary incontinence. Value Health 2007; 11 (4): 726-32 (Pubitemid 352032811)
    • (2008) Value in Health , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 726-732
    • Campbell, U.B.1    Stang, P.2    Barron, R.3
  • 149
    • 0035317225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of overactive bladder: Long-term tolerability and efficacy of tolterodine
    • Appell RA, Abrams P, Drutz HP, et al. Treatment of overactive bladder: long-term tolerability and efficacy of tolterodine. World J Urol 2001 Apr; 19 (2): 141-7 (Pubitemid 33777045)
    • (2001) World Journal of Urology , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 141-147
    • Appell, R.A.1    Abrams, P.2    Drutz, H.P.3
  • 151
    • 13844299319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term open-label solifenacin treatment associated with persistence with therapy in patients with overactive bladder syndrome
    • DOI 10.1016/j.eururo.2004.11.004
    • Haab F, Cardozo L, Chapple C, et al. Long-term openlabel solifenacin treatment associated with persistence with therapy in patients with overactive bladder syndrome. Eur Urol 2005 Mar; 47 (3): 376-84 (Pubitemid 40248865)
    • (2005) European Urology , vol.47 , Issue.3 , pp. 376-384
    • Haab, F.1    Cardozo, L.2    Chapple, C.3    Ridder, A.M.4
  • 152
    • 0036625042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of extended-release tolterodine in the treatment of overactive bladder
    • DOI 10.1016/S0302-2838(02)00177-X, PII S030228380200177X
    • Kreder K, Mayne C, Jonas U. Long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of extended-release tolterodine in the treatment of overactive bladder. Eur Urol 2002 Jun; 41 (6): 588-95 (Pubitemid 35333914)
    • (2002) European Urology , vol.41 , Issue.6 , pp. 588-595
    • Kreder, K.1    Mayne, C.2    Jonas, U.3
  • 154
    • 36348964213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term darifenacin treatment for overactive bladder in patients aged 65 years and older: Analysis of results from a 2-year, open-label extension study
    • DOI 10.1185/030079907X233160
    • Hill S, Elhilali M, Millard RJ, et al. Long-term darifenacin treatment for overactive bladder in patients aged 65 years and older: analysis of results from a 2-year, open-label extension study. Curr Med Res Opin 2007 Nov; 23 (11): 2697-704 (Pubitemid 350146407)
    • (2007) Current Medical Research and Opinion , vol.23 , Issue.11 , pp. 2697-2704
    • Hill, S.1    Elhilali, M.2    Millard, R.J.3    Dwyer, P.L.4    Lheritier, K.5    Kawakami, F.T.6    Steel, M.7
  • 155
    • 24944485200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence and adherence of medications for chronic overactive bladder/urinary incontinence in the California Medicaid program
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2005.00041.x
    • Yu YF, Nichol MB, Yu AP, et al. Persistence and adherence of medications for chronic overactive bladder/urinary incontinence in the California Medicaid program. Value Health 2005 Jul-Aug; 8 (4): 495-505 (Pubitemid 41726103)
    • (2005) Value in Health , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 495-505
    • Yu, Y.F.1    Nichol, M.B.2    Yu, A.P.3    Ahn, J.4
  • 156
    • 15944407815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient persistency with medications for overactive bladder [abstract no. PUK11]
    • Chui MA, Williamson T, Arciniega J, et al. Patient persistency with medications for overactive bladder [abstract no. PUK11]. Value Health 2004; 7 (3): 366
    • (2004) Value Health , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 366
    • Chui, M.A.1    Williamson, T.2    Arciniega, J.3
  • 158
    • 84888929852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of therapy with drugs for overactive bladder [abstract no. PUR3]
    • Zhou Z, Barr C, Torigoe Y, et al. Persistence of therapy with drugs for overactive bladder [abstract no. PUR3]. Value Health 2001; 4: 162
    • (2001) Value Health , vol.4 , pp. 162
    • Zhou, Z.1    Barr, C.2    Torigoe, Y.3
  • 159
    • 60549099163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of antimuscarinic drug use
    • Mar;
    • Brostrom S, Hallas J. Persistence of antimuscarinic drug use. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2009 Mar; 65 (3): 309-14
    • (2009) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.65 , Issue.3 , pp. 309-314
    • Brostrom, S.1    Hallas, J.2
  • 160
    • 72249114712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of flexibledose fesoterodine in subjects with overactive bladder
    • Jan;
    • Dmochowski RR, Peters KM, Morrow JD, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of flexibledose fesoterodine in subjects with overactive bladder. Urology 2010 Jan; 75 (1): 62-8
    • (2010) Urology , vol.75 , Issue.1 , pp. 62-68
    • Dmochowski, R.R.1    Peters, K.M.2    Morrow, J.D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.