메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 26, Issue 9, 2011, Pages 1582-1592

The many faces of hemifacial spasm: Differential diagnosis of unilateral facial spasms

Author keywords

Blepharospasm; Dystonia; Hemifacial spasm; Hemimasticatory spasm; Myoclonus; Psychogenic; Tics

Indexed keywords

BELL PALSY; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLINICAL FEATURE; CRANIAL NERVE; DEMYELINATION; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DYSTONIA; FACIAL NERVE INJURY; HEMIFACIAL SPASM; HUMAN; IDIOPATHIC DISEASE; INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENT; MYOCLONUS; NERVE COMPRESSION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TIC;

EID: 79961210588     PISSN: 08853185     EISSN: 15318257     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/mds.23692     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (161)

References (151)
  • 1
    • 0031761314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm: clinical findings and treatment
    • Wang A, Jankovic J. Hemifacial spasm: clinical findings and treatment. Muscle Nerve. 1998; 21: 1740-1747.
    • (1998) Muscle Nerve. , vol.21 , pp. 1740-1747
    • Wang, A.1    Jankovic, J.2
  • 2
    • 77951217736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An early image of hemifacial spasm: Edouard Brissaud contribution
    • Colosimo C, Berardelli A. An early image of hemifacial spasm: Edouard Brissaud contribution. Mov Disord. 2010; 25(5): 531-533.
    • (2010) Mov Disord. , vol.25 , Issue.5 , pp. 531-533
    • Colosimo, C.1    Berardelli, A.2
  • 3
    • 0035056654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "The other" Babinski's sign: paradoxical raising of the eyebrow in hemifacial spasm
    • Devoize JL. "The other" Babinski's sign: paradoxical raising of the eyebrow in hemifacial spasm. J Neurol. Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001; 70: 516.
    • (2001) J Neurol. Neurosurg Psychiatry. , vol.70 , pp. 516
    • Devoize, J.L.1
  • 4
    • 0023673283 scopus 로고
    • Etiology and differential diagnosis of blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia
    • Jankovic J. Etiology and differential diagnosis of blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia. Adv Neurol. 1988; 49: 103-116.
    • (1988) Adv Neurol. , vol.49 , pp. 103-116
    • Jankovic, J.1
  • 5
    • 34547613514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The other Babinski sign in hemifacial spasm
    • Stamey W, Jankovic J. The other Babinski sign in hemifacial spasm. Neurology. 2007; 69: 402-404.
    • (2007) Neurology. , vol.69 , pp. 402-404
    • Stamey, W.1    Jankovic, J.2
  • 9
    • 0033436336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilateral hemifacial spasm: a report of five cases and a literature review
    • Tan EK, Jankovic J. Bilateral hemifacial spasm: a report of five cases and a literature review. Mov Disord. 1999; 14: 345-349.
    • (1999) Mov Disord. , vol.14 , pp. 345-349
    • Tan, E.K.1    Jankovic, J.2
  • 11
    • 0031654632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological recordings in bilateral hemifacial spasm
    • Schulze-Bonhage A, Ferbert A. Electrophysiological recordings in bilateral hemifacial spasm. J Neurol. Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998; 65: 408-410.
    • (1998) J Neurol. Neurosurg Psychiatry. , vol.65 , pp. 408-410
    • Schulze-Bonhage, A.1    Ferbert, A.2
  • 12
    • 67651163910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unusual causes and presentations of hemifacial spasm
    • discussion 137.
    • Han IB, Chang JH, Chang JW, Huh R, Chung SS. Unusual causes and presentations of hemifacial spasm. Neurosurgery. 2009; 65: 130-137; discussion 137.
    • (2009) Neurosurgery. , vol.65 , pp. 130-137
    • Han, I.B.1    Chang, J.H.2    Chang, J.W.3    Huh, R.4    Chung, S.S.5
  • 13
    • 33847754704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilateral hemifacial spasm and trigeminal neuralgia: a unique form of painful tic convulsif
    • Felicio AC, Godeiro Cde OJr, Borges V, Silva SM, Ferraz HB. Bilateral hemifacial spasm and trigeminal neuralgia: a unique form of painful tic convulsif. Mov Disord. 2007; 22: 285-286.
    • (2007) Mov Disord. , vol.22 , pp. 285-286
    • Felicio, A.C.1    Godeiro Cde Jr, O.2    Borges, V.3    Silva, S.M.4    Ferraz, H.B.5
  • 15
    • 3042749234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinico-radiologic correlation in unilateral and bilateral hemifacial spasm
    • Tan EK, Chan LL. Clinico-radiologic correlation in unilateral and bilateral hemifacial spasm. J Neurol. Sci. 2004; 222: 59-64.
    • (2004) J Neurol. Sci. , vol.222 , pp. 59-64
    • Tan, E.K.1    Chan, L.L.2
  • 16
    • 0024253002 scopus 로고
    • Oculo-facio-skeletal myorhythmia as a cerebral complication of systemic Whipple's disease
    • Hausser-Hauw C, Roullet E, Robert R, Marteau R. Oculo-facio-skeletal myorhythmia as a cerebral complication of systemic Whipple's disease. Mov Disord. 1988; 3: 179-184.
    • (1988) Mov Disord. , vol.3 , pp. 179-184
    • Hausser-Hauw, C.1    Roullet, E.2    Robert, R.3    Marteau, R.4
  • 17
    • 0023030824 scopus 로고
    • Oculomasticatory myorhythmia: a unique movement disorder occurring in Whipple's disease
    • Schwartz MA, Selhorst JB, Ochs AL, et al. Oculomasticatory myorhythmia: a unique movement disorder occurring in Whipple's disease. Ann Neurol. 1986; 20: 677-683.
    • (1986) Ann Neurol. , vol.20 , pp. 677-683
    • Schwartz, M.A.1    Selhorst, J.B.2    Ochs, A.L.3
  • 18
    • 0022939321 scopus 로고
    • The phenomenology of tics
    • Jankovic J, Fahn S. The phenomenology of tics. Mov Disord. 1986; 1: 17-26.
    • (1986) Mov Disord. , vol.1 , pp. 17-26
    • Jankovic, J.1    Fahn, S.2
  • 19
    • 0020990926 scopus 로고
    • Hemimasticatory and hemifacial spasm: a common pathophysiology?
    • Thompson PD, Carroll WM. Hemimasticatory and hemifacial spasm: a common pathophysiology? Clin Exp Neurol. 1983; 19: 110-119.
    • (1983) Clin Exp Neurol. , vol.19 , pp. 110-119
    • Thompson, P.D.1    Carroll, W.M.2
  • 20
    • 33750324834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Botulinum toxin treatment of facial myoclonus in suspected Rasmussen encephalitis
    • Browner N, Azher SN, Jankovic J. Botulinum toxin treatment of facial myoclonus in suspected Rasmussen encephalitis. Mov Disord. 2006; 21: 1500-1502.
    • (2006) Mov Disord. , vol.21 , pp. 1500-1502
    • Browner, N.1    Azher, S.N.2    Jankovic, J.3
  • 21
    • 0026683794 scopus 로고
    • Hemimasticatory spasm: clinical and electrophysiologic observations
    • Auger RG, Litchy WJ, Cascino TL, Ahlskog JE. Hemimasticatory spasm: clinical and electrophysiologic observations. Neurology. 1992; 42: 2263-2266.
    • (1992) Neurology. , vol.42 , pp. 2263-2266
    • Auger, R.G.1    Litchy, W.J.2    Cascino, T.L.3    Ahlskog, J.E.4
  • 22
    • 1342283127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and misdiagnosis of hemifacial spasm: a clinical and video study
    • Tan NC, Tan EK, Khin LW. Diagnosis and misdiagnosis of hemifacial spasm: a clinical and video study. J Clin Neurosci. 2004; 11: 142-144.
    • (2004) J Clin Neurosci. , vol.11 , pp. 142-144
    • Tan, N.C.1    Tan, E.K.2    Khin, L.W.3
  • 23
    • 1242298854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myokymia and neuromyotonia 2004
    • Gutmann L, Gutmann L. Myokymia and neuromyotonia 2004. J Neurol. 2004; 251: 138-142.
    • (2004) J Neurol. , vol.251 , pp. 138-142
    • Gutmann, L.1    Gutmann, L.2
  • 24
    • 0025918226 scopus 로고
    • AAEM minimonograph #37: facial and limb myokymia
    • Gutmann L. AAEM minimonograph #37: facial and limb myokymia. Muscle Nerve. 1991; 14: 1043-1049.
    • (1991) Muscle Nerve. , vol.14 , pp. 1043-1049
    • Gutmann, L.1
  • 25
    • 0021330216 scopus 로고
    • Myorhythmia: a widespread movement disorder. Clinicopathological correlations
    • Masucci EF, Kurtzke JF, Saini N. Myorhythmia: a widespread movement disorder. Clinicopathological correlations. Brain. 1984; 107: 53-79.
    • (1984) Brain. , vol.107 , pp. 53-79
    • Masucci, E.F.1    Kurtzke, J.F.2    Saini, N.3
  • 26
    • 0242578766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Myorhythmia" slow facial tremor from chronic interferon alpha-2a usage
    • Tan EK, Chan LL, Lo YL. "Myorhythmia" slow facial tremor from chronic interferon alpha-2a usage. Neurology. 2003; 61: 1302-1303.
    • (2003) Neurology. , vol.61 , pp. 1302-1303
    • Tan, E.K.1    Chan, L.L.2    Lo, Y.L.3
  • 28
    • 0022296709 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiology of the facial nerve in hemifacial spasm: ectopic/ephaptic excitation
    • Nielsen VK. Electrophysiology of the facial nerve in hemifacial spasm: ectopic/ephaptic excitation. Muscle Nerve. 1985; 8: 545-555.
    • (1985) Muscle Nerve. , vol.8 , pp. 545-555
    • Nielsen, V.K.1
  • 29
    • 70349664015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional MR volumetric analysis of the posterior fossa CSF space in hemifacial spasm
    • Chan LL, Ng KM, Fook-Chong S, Lo YL, Tan EK. Three-dimensional MR volumetric analysis of the posterior fossa CSF space in hemifacial spasm. Neurology. 2009; 73: 1054-1057.
    • (2009) Neurology. , vol.73 , pp. 1054-1057
    • Chan, L.L.1    Ng, K.M.2    Fook-Chong, S.3    Lo, Y.L.4    Tan, E.K.5
  • 30
    • 79961208801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asian over-representation among patients with hemifacial spasm. In: MDS International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders; June 13-17, 2010; Buenos Aires, Argentina.
    • Wu Y, Davidson A, Pan T, Jankovic J. Asian over-representation among patients with hemifacial spasm. In: MDS International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders; June 13-17, 2010; Buenos Aires, Argentina; 2010.
    • (2010)
    • Wu, Y.1    Davidson, A.2    Pan, T.3    Jankovic, J.4
  • 31
    • 0036677627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm and involuntary facial movements
    • Tan NC, Chan LL, Tan EK. Hemifacial spasm and involuntary facial movements. QJM. 2002; 95: 493-500.
    • (2002) QJM. , vol.95 , pp. 493-500
    • Tan, N.C.1    Chan, L.L.2    Tan, E.K.3
  • 32
    • 0022446634 scopus 로고
    • Physiological abnormalities in hemifacial spasm studied during microvascular decompression operations
    • Moller AR, Jannetta PJ. Physiological abnormalities in hemifacial spasm studied during microvascular decompression operations. Exp Neurol. 1986; 93: 584-600.
    • (1986) Exp Neurol. , vol.93 , pp. 584-600
    • Moller, A.R.1    Jannetta, P.J.2
  • 33
    • 0031015508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional MRI of hemifacial spasm with surgical correlation
    • Girard N, Poncet M, Caces F, et al. Three-dimensional MRI of hemifacial spasm with surgical correlation. Neuroradiology. 1997; 39: 46-51.
    • (1997) Neuroradiology. , vol.39 , pp. 46-51
    • Girard, N.1    Poncet, M.2    Caces, F.3
  • 34
    • 53449085534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurovascular compression findings in hemifacial spasm
    • Campos-Benitez M, Kaufmann AM. Neurovascular compression findings in hemifacial spasm. J Neurosurg. 2008; 109: 416-420.
    • (2008) J Neurosurg. , vol.109 , pp. 416-420
    • Campos-Benitez, M.1    Kaufmann, A.M.2
  • 35
    • 0030461806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [The contribution of "time-of-flight" MRI-angiography in the study of neurovascular interactions (hemifacial spasm and trigeminal neuralgia)]
    • Holley P, Bonafe A, Brunet E, Simonetta-Moreau M, Manelfe C. [The contribution of "time-of-flight" MRI-angiography in the study of neurovascular interactions (hemifacial spasm and trigeminal neuralgia)]. J Neuroradiol. 1996; 23: 149-156.
    • (1996) J Neuroradiol. , vol.23 , pp. 149-156
    • Holley, P.1    Bonafe, A.2    Brunet, E.3    Simonetta-Moreau, M.4    Manelfe, C.5
  • 36
    • 0033949142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous display of MRA and MPR in detecting vascular compression for trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm: comparison with oblique sagittal views of MRI
    • Arbab AS, Nishiyama Y, Aoki S, et al. Simultaneous display of MRA and MPR in detecting vascular compression for trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm: comparison with oblique sagittal views of MRI. Eur Radiol. 2000; 10: 1056-1060.
    • (2000) Eur Radiol. , vol.10 , pp. 1056-1060
    • Arbab, A.S.1    Nishiyama, Y.2    Aoki, S.3
  • 37
    • 0032762989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case-controlled MRI/MRA study of neurovascular contact in hemifacial spasm
    • Ho SL, Cheng PW, Wong WC, et al. A case-controlled MRI/MRA study of neurovascular contact in hemifacial spasm. Neurology. 1999; 53: 2132-2139.
    • (1999) Neurology. , vol.53 , pp. 2132-2139
    • Ho, S.L.1    Cheng, P.W.2    Wong, W.C.3
  • 38
    • 85045230546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case-controlled MRI/MRA study of neurovascular contact in hemifacial spasm
    • Tan EK, Chan LL. A case-controlled MRI/MRA study of neurovascular contact in hemifacial spasm. Neurology. 2000; 55: 155-156.
    • (2000) Neurology. , vol.55 , pp. 155-156
    • Tan, E.K.1    Chan, L.L.2
  • 41
    • 0037081209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Familial hemifacial spasm: report of cases and review of literature
    • Miwa H, Mizuno Y, Kondo T. Familial hemifacial spasm: report of cases and review of literature. J Neurol. Sci. 2002; 193: 97-102.
    • (2002) J Neurol. Sci. , vol.193 , pp. 97-102
    • Miwa, H.1    Mizuno, Y.2    Kondo, T.3
  • 43
    • 0026092305 scopus 로고
    • Familial hemifacial spasm associated with arterial compression of the facial nerve. Case report
    • Coad JE, Wirtschafter JD, Haines SJ, Heros RC, Perrone T. Familial hemifacial spasm associated with arterial compression of the facial nerve. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1991; 74: 290-296.
    • (1991) J Neurosurg. , vol.74 , pp. 290-296
    • Coad, J.E.1    Wirtschafter, J.D.2    Haines, S.J.3    Heros, R.C.4    Perrone, T.5
  • 47
    • 85052608614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of genetic factors in the development of hemifacial spasm: preliminary results
    • Han IB, Kim NK, Huh R, et al. The role of genetic factors in the development of hemifacial spasm: preliminary results. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2008; 101: 107-110.
    • (2008) Acta Neurochir Suppl. , vol.101 , pp. 107-110
    • Han, I.B.1    Kim, N.K.2    Huh, R.3
  • 48
    • 67449089038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripherally induced movement disorders
    • vii.
    • Jankovic J. Peripherally induced movement disorders. Neurol Clin. 2009; 27: 821-832, vii.
    • (2009) Neurol Clin. , vol.27 , pp. 821-832
    • Jankovic, J.1
  • 49
    • 0346401429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Movement disorders in patients with peripheral facial palsy
    • Valls-Sole J, Montero J. Movement disorders in patients with peripheral facial palsy. Mov Disord. 2003; 18-: 1424-1435.
    • (2003) Mov Disord. , vol.18 , pp. 1424-1435
    • Valls-Sole, J.1    Montero, J.2
  • 50
    • 33644885754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of primary and secondary hemifacial spasm
    • Colosimo C, Bologna M, Lamberti S, et al. A comparative study of primary and secondary hemifacial spasm. Arch Neurol. 2006; 63: 441-444.
    • (2006) Arch Neurol. , vol.63 , pp. 441-444
    • Colosimo, C.1    Bologna, M.2    Lamberti, S.3
  • 51
    • 0034068446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blink reflexes and lateral spreading in patients with synkinesia after Bell's palsy and in hemifacial spasm
    • Eekhof JL, Aramideh M, Speelman JD, Devriese PP, Ongerboer De Visser BW. Blink reflexes and lateral spreading in patients with synkinesia after Bell's palsy and in hemifacial spasm. Eur Neurol. 2000; 43: 141-146.
    • (2000) Eur Neurol. , vol.43 , pp. 141-146
    • Eekhof, J.L.1    Aramideh, M.2    Speelman, J.D.3    Devriese, P.P.4    Ongerboer De Visser, B.W.5
  • 53
    • 59249104086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Movement disorders in multiple sclerosis: Causal or coincidental association?
    • Nociti V, Bentivoglio AR, Frisullo G, et al. Movement disorders in multiple sclerosis: Causal or coincidental association? Mult Scler. 2008; 14: 1284-1287.
    • (2008) Mult Scler. , vol.14 , pp. 1284-1287
    • Nociti, V.1    Bentivoglio, A.R.2    Frisullo, G.3
  • 54
    • 0014304322 scopus 로고
    • Persistent tonic facial spasm in brain stem tumours
    • Arseni C, Petrovici I. Persistent tonic facial spasm in brain stem tumours. J Neurol Sci. 1968; 7: 107-114.
    • (1968) J Neurol Sci. , vol.7 , pp. 107-114
    • Arseni, C.1    Petrovici, I.2
  • 55
  • 56
    • 0034646258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary hemifacial spasm and arterial hypertension: a multicenter case-control study
    • Defazio G, Berardelli A, Abbruzzese G, et al. Primary hemifacial spasm and arterial hypertension: a multicenter case-control study. Neurology. 2000; 54: 1198-1200.
    • (2000) Neurology. , vol.54 , pp. 1198-1200
    • Defazio, G.1    Berardelli, A.2    Abbruzzese, G.3
  • 57
    • 0032736392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm and arterial hypertension
    • Oliveira LD, Cardoso F, Vargas AP. Hemifacial spasm and arterial hypertension. Mov Disord. 1999; 14: 832-835.
    • (1999) Mov Disord. , vol.14 , pp. 832-835
    • Oliveira, L.D.1    Cardoso, F.2    Vargas, A.P.3
  • 58
    • 0034122863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm and hypertension: how strong is the association?
    • Tan EK, Jankovic J. Hemifacial spasm and hypertension: how strong is the association? Mov Disord. 2000; 15: 363-365.
    • (2000) Mov Disord. , vol.15 , pp. 363-365
    • Tan, E.K.1    Jankovic, J.2
  • 59
    • 0037469225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is hypertension associated with hemifacial spasm?
    • Tan EK, Chan LL, Lum SY, et al. Is hypertension associated with hemifacial spasm? Neurology. 2003; 60: 343-344.
    • (2003) Neurology. , vol.60 , pp. 343-344
    • Tan, E.K.1    Chan, L.L.2    Lum, S.Y.3
  • 60
    • 0041429539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is hypertension associated with hemifacial spasm?
    • author reply 587.
    • Colosimo C, Chianese M, Romano S, Vanacore N. Is hypertension associated with hemifacial spasm? Neurology. 2003; 61: 587; author reply 587.
    • (2003) Neurology. , vol.61 , pp. 587
    • Colosimo, C.1    Chianese, M.2    Romano, S.3    Vanacore, N.4
  • 61
    • 57049134602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case control MR-CISS and 3D TOF MRA imaging study of medullary compression and hypertension in hemifacial spasm
    • Chan LL, Lee E, Fook-Chong S, Tan EK. Case control MR-CISS and 3D TOF MRA imaging study of medullary compression and hypertension in hemifacial spasm. Mov Disord. 2008; 23: 1820-1824.
    • (2008) Mov Disord. , vol.23 , pp. 1820-1824
    • Chan, L.L.1    Lee, E.2    Fook-Chong, S.3    Tan, E.K.4
  • 62
    • 0021804375 scopus 로고
    • Neurogenic hypertension: etiology and surgical treatment. I. Observations in 53 patients
    • Jannetta PJ, Segal R, Wolfson SK, Jr. Neurogenic hypertension: etiology and surgical treatment. I. Observations in 53 patients. Ann Surg. 1985; 201: 391-398.
    • (1985) Ann Surg. , vol.201 , pp. 391-398
    • Jannetta, P.J.1    Segal, R.2    Wolfson Jr, S.K.3
  • 63
    • 0024427278 scopus 로고
    • Blink reflex excitability cycle in hemifacial spasm
    • Valls-Sole J, Tolosa ES. Blink reflex excitability cycle in hemifacial spasm. Neurology. 1989; 39: 1061-1066.
    • (1989) Neurology. , vol.39 , pp. 1061-1066
    • Valls-Sole, J.1    Tolosa, E.S.2
  • 65
    • 24944580936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring of facial muscle motor evoked potentials during microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: evidence of changes in motor neuron excitability
    • Wilkinson MF, Kaufmann AM. Monitoring of facial muscle motor evoked potentials during microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: evidence of changes in motor neuron excitability. J Neurosurg. 2005; 103: 64-69.
    • (2005) J Neurosurg. , vol.103 , pp. 64-69
    • Wilkinson, M.F.1    Kaufmann, A.M.2
  • 67
    • 2442672788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trigeminal afferent input alters the excitability of facial motoneurons in hemifacial spasm
    • Ogawara K, Kuwabara S, Kamitsukasa I, Mizobuchi K, Misawa S, Hattori T. Trigeminal afferent input alters the excitability of facial motoneurons in hemifacial spasm. Neurology. 2004; 62: 1749-1752.
    • (2004) Neurology. , vol.62 , pp. 1749-1752
    • Ogawara, K.1    Kuwabara, S.2    Kamitsukasa, I.3    Mizobuchi, K.4    Misawa, S.5    Hattori, T.6
  • 68
    • 15344344660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Migraine accompanied by hemifacial spasm: a case report
    • Husid MS. Migraine accompanied by hemifacial spasm: a case report. Headache. 2005; 45: 249-250.
    • (2005) Headache. , vol.45 , pp. 249-250
    • Husid, M.S.1
  • 69
    • 0030036099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm: treatment with pizotifen
    • Gross ML. Hemifacial spasm: treatment with pizotifen. J Neurol. Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1996; 61: 118.
    • (1996) J Neurol. Neurosurg Psychiatry. , vol.61 , pp. 118
    • Gross, M.L.1
  • 70
    • 0002626947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychogenic movement disorders
    • In: Schapira AH, Lang AE, Fahn S, eds. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Saunders Elsevier; -
    • Thomas M, Jankovic J. Psychogenic movement disorders. In: Schapira AH, Lang AE, Fahn S, eds. Movement Disorders 4. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Saunders Elsevier; 2010: 631-650.
    • (2010) Movement Disorders 4 , pp. 631-650
    • Thomas, M.1    Jankovic, J.2
  • 72
    • 0347031395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premonitory sensory phenomenon in Tourette's syndrome
    • Kwak C, Dat Vuong K, Jankovic J. Premonitory sensory phenomenon in Tourette's syndrome. Mov Disord. 2003; 18: 1530-1533.
    • (2003) Mov Disord. , vol.18 , pp. 1530-1533
    • Kwak, C.1    Dat Vuong, K.2    Jankovic, J.3
  • 73
    • 0025734529 scopus 로고
    • Dystonic tics in patients with Tourette's syndrome
    • Jankovic J, Stone L. Dystonic tics in patients with Tourette's syndrome. Mov Disord. 1991; 6: 248-252.
    • (1991) Mov Disord. , vol.6 , pp. 248-252
    • Jankovic, J.1    Stone, L.2
  • 74
    • 0030946145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tourette syndrome. Phenomenology and classification of tics
    • Jankovic J. Tourette syndrome. Phenomenology and classification of tics. Neurol Clin. 1997; 15: 267-275.
    • (1997) Neurol Clin. , vol.15 , pp. 267-275
    • Jankovic, J.1
  • 76
    • 0033149845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facial reflex myoclonus induced by language: a neuropsychological and neurophysiological study
    • Bartolomei F, Farnarier G, Elias Z, et al. Facial reflex myoclonus induced by language: a neuropsychological and neurophysiological study. Neurophysiol Clin. 1999; 29: 263-270.
    • (1999) Neurophysiol Clin. , vol.29 , pp. 263-270
    • Bartolomei, F.1    Farnarier, G.2    Elias, Z.3
  • 77
    • 0032700980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Segmental facial myoclonus in moebius syndrome
    • Bonanni P, Guerrini R. Segmental facial myoclonus in moebius syndrome. Mov Disord. 1999; 14: 1021-1024.
    • (1999) Mov Disord. , vol.14 , pp. 1021-1024
    • Bonanni, P.1    Guerrini, R.2
  • 78
    • 0034775428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptomatic epilepsy with facial myoclonus triggered by language
    • Canevini MP, Vignoli A, Sgro V, et al. Symptomatic epilepsy with facial myoclonus triggered by language. Epileptic Disord. 2001; 3: 143-146.
    • (2001) Epileptic Disord. , vol.3 , pp. 143-146
    • Canevini, M.P.1    Vignoli, A.2    Sgro, V.3
  • 79
    • 0028289351 scopus 로고
    • Facial action myoclonus in patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy
    • Lou JS, Valls-Sole J, Toro C, Hallett M. Facial action myoclonus in patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy. Mov Disord. 1994; 9: 223-226.
    • (1994) Mov Disord. , vol.9 , pp. 223-226
    • Lou, J.S.1    Valls-Sole, J.2    Toro, C.3    Hallett, M.4
  • 80
    • 0030984051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cervical and facial myoclonus associated with dolichoectasia of the left vertebral artery
    • Munoz EJ, Vila N, Valls-Sole J, Tolosa E. Cervical and facial myoclonus associated with dolichoectasia of the left vertebral artery. Mov Disord. 1997; 12: 790-793.
    • (1997) Mov Disord. , vol.12 , pp. 790-793
    • Munoz, E.J.1    Vila, N.2    Valls-Sole, J.3    Tolosa, E.4
  • 81
    • 0034114350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm or somatoform disorder--postexcitatory inhibition after transcranial magnetic cortical stimulation as a diagnostic tool
    • Kotterba S, Tegenthoff M, Malin JP. Hemifacial spasm or somatoform disorder--postexcitatory inhibition after transcranial magnetic cortical stimulation as a diagnostic tool. Acta Neurol Scand. 2000; 101: 305-310.
    • (2000) Acta Neurol Scand. , vol.101 , pp. 305-310
    • Kotterba, S.1    Tegenthoff, M.2    Malin, J.P.3
  • 82
    • 37749007847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic isolated hemifacial spasm as a manifestation of epilepsia partialis continua
    • Espay AJ, Schmithorst VJ, Szaflarski JP. Chronic isolated hemifacial spasm as a manifestation of epilepsia partialis continua. Epilepsy Behav. 2008; 12: 332-336.
    • (2008) Epilepsy Behav. , vol.12 , pp. 332-336
    • Espay, A.J.1    Schmithorst, V.J.2    Szaflarski, J.P.3
  • 83
    • 0021324329 scopus 로고
    • Blepharospasm--oromandibular dystonia (Meige's syndrome) misdiagnosed as secondary hemifacial spasm
    • Gottlieb JS, May M. Blepharospasm--oromandibular dystonia (Meige's syndrome) misdiagnosed as secondary hemifacial spasm. Am J Otol. 1984; 5: 206-210.
    • (1984) Am J Otol. , vol.5 , pp. 206-210
    • Gottlieb, J.S.1    May, M.2
  • 86
    • 0033154392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bruxism and cranial-cervical dystonia: is there a relationship?
    • Watts MW, Tan EK, Jankovic J. Bruxism and cranial-cervical dystonia: is there a relationship? Cranio. 1999; 17: 196-201.
    • (1999) Cranio. , vol.17 , pp. 196-201
    • Watts, M.W.1    Tan, E.K.2    Jankovic, J.3
  • 89
    • 34748828757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemimasticatory spasm following pontine infarction
    • Gunduz A, Karaali-Savrun F, Uluduz D. Hemimasticatory spasm following pontine infarction. Mov Disord. 2007; 22: 1674-1675.
    • (2007) Mov Disord. , vol.22 , pp. 1674-1675
    • Gunduz, A.1    Karaali-Savrun, F.2    Uluduz, D.3
  • 90
    • 0342314543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemimasticatory spasm associated with localized scleroderma and facial hemiatrophy
    • Kim HJ, Jeon BS, Lee KW. Hemimasticatory spasm associated with localized scleroderma and facial hemiatrophy. Arch Neurol. 2000; 57: 576-580.
    • (2000) Arch Neurol. , vol.57 , pp. 576-580
    • Kim, H.J.1    Jeon, B.S.2    Lee, K.W.3
  • 91
    • 0026489272 scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm due to tumor, aneurysm, or arteriovenous malformation
    • Nagata S, Matsushima T, Fujii K, Fukui M, Kuromatsu C. Hemifacial spasm due to tumor, aneurysm, or arteriovenous malformation. Surg Neurol. 1992; 38: 204-209.
    • (1992) Surg Neurol. , vol.38 , pp. 204-209
    • Nagata, S.1    Matsushima, T.2    Fujii, K.3    Fukui, M.4    Kuromatsu, C.5
  • 92
    • 0025734205 scopus 로고
    • Rare causes of hemifacial spasm. Report of two cases
    • Altinors N, Kars Z, Cepoglu C. Rare causes of hemifacial spasm. Report of two cases. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 1991; 93: 155-158.
    • (1991) Clin Neurol Neurosurg. , vol.93 , pp. 155-158
    • Altinors, N.1    Kars, Z.2    Cepoglu, C.3
  • 93
    • 33646837691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resolution of hemifacial spasm after surgical obliteration of a tentorial arteriovenous fistula: case report
    • discussion E202.
    • Deshmukh VR, Maughan PH, Spetzler RF. Resolution of hemifacial spasm after surgical obliteration of a tentorial arteriovenous fistula: case report. Neurosurgery. 2006; 58: E202; discussion E202.
    • (2006) Neurosurgery. , vol.58
    • Deshmukh, V.R.1    Maughan, P.H.2    Spetzler, R.F.3
  • 94
    • 63249089192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm caused by fusiform aneurysm at vertebral artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery junction
    • Choi SK, Rhee BA, Park BJ, Lim YJ. Hemifacial spasm caused by fusiform aneurysm at vertebral artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery junction. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2008; 44: 399-400.
    • (2008) J Korean Neurosurg Soc. , vol.44 , pp. 399-400
    • Choi, S.K.1    Rhee, B.A.2    Park, B.J.3    Lim, Y.J.4
  • 95
    • 23344440654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fusiform aneurysm of the vertebral artery presenting with hemifacial spasm treated by microvascular decompression
    • Uchino M, Nomoto J, Ohtsuka T, Kuramitsu T. Fusiform aneurysm of the vertebral artery presenting with hemifacial spasm treated by microvascular decompression. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2005; 147: 901-903.
    • (2005) Acta Neurochir (Wien). , vol.147 , pp. 901-903
    • Uchino, M.1    Nomoto, J.2    Ohtsuka, T.3    Kuramitsu, T.4
  • 96
    • 0033920640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Hemifacial spasm due to a compression of the facial nerve by a fusiform aneurysm of the vertebral artery: case report]
    • Tsuchiya D, Kayama T, Saito S, Sato S. [Hemifacial spasm due to a compression of the facial nerve by a fusiform aneurysm of the vertebral artery: case report]. No To Shinkei. 2000; 52: 517-521.
    • (2000) No To Shinkei. , vol.52 , pp. 517-521
    • Tsuchiya, D.1    Kayama, T.2    Saito, S.3    Sato, S.4
  • 97
    • 0030472616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm due to compression of the facial nerve by vertebral artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm and elongated vertebral artery-case report
    • Moriuchi S, Nakagawa H, Yamada M, Kadota T. Hemifacial spasm due to compression of the facial nerve by vertebral artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm and elongated vertebral artery-case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 1996; 36: 884-887.
    • (1996) Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). , vol.36 , pp. 884-887
    • Moriuchi, S.1    Nakagawa, H.2    Yamada, M.3    Kadota, T.4
  • 98
    • 0029789702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm caused by a venous angioma. Case report
    • Chen HJ, Lee TC, Lui CC. Hemifacial spasm caused by a venous angioma. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1996; 85: 716-717.
    • (1996) J Neurosurg. , vol.85 , pp. 716-717
    • Chen, H.J.1    Lee, T.C.2    Lui, C.C.3
  • 99
    • 0029848748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm associated with external carotid artery compression of the facial nerve
    • Rakover Y, Dharan M, Rosen G. Hemifacial spasm associated with external carotid artery compression of the facial nerve. J Laryngol Otol. 1996; 110: 1081-1083.
    • (1996) J Laryngol Otol. , vol.110 , pp. 1081-1083
    • Rakover, Y.1    Dharan, M.2    Rosen, G.3
  • 101
    • 56049088518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Hemifacial spasms and vertebral dolichoectasias]
    • Arantes M, Garcia R, Pereira JR, Costa M. [Hemifacial spasms and vertebral dolichoectasias]. Rev Neurol. 2008; 47: 468-470.
    • (2008) Rev Neurol. , vol.47 , pp. 468-470
    • Arantes, M.1    Garcia, R.2    Pereira, J.R.3    Costa, M.4
  • 103
    • 29144534602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm resulting from vertebral artery dolichoectasia
    • Deleu D, Mesraoua B. Hemifacial spasm resulting from vertebral artery dolichoectasia. Saudi Med J. 2005; 26: 1640-1642.
    • (2005) Saudi Med J. , vol.26 , pp. 1640-1642
    • Deleu, D.1    Mesraoua, B.2
  • 104
    • 0036263688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm caused by vertebral artery dolichoectasia
    • Rahman EA, Trobe JD, Gebarski SS. Hemifacial spasm caused by vertebral artery dolichoectasia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002; 133: 854-856.
    • (2002) Am J Ophthalmol. , vol.133 , pp. 854-856
    • Rahman, E.A.1    Trobe, J.D.2    Gebarski, S.S.3
  • 105
    • 0034049989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm caused by a contralateral vertebral artery: case report
    • discussion 497.
    • Grigoryan YA, Goncharov MZ, Lazebny VV. Hemifacial spasm caused by a contralateral vertebral artery: case report. Surg Neurol. 2000; 53: 493-497; discussion 497.
    • (2000) Surg Neurol. , vol.53 , pp. 493-497
    • Grigoryan, Y.A.1    Goncharov, M.Z.2    Lazebny, V.V.3
  • 108
    • 0017334026 scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm associated with benign parotid tumor
    • Nussbaum M. Hemifacial spasm associated with benign parotid tumor. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1977; 86: 73-74.
    • (1977) Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. , vol.86 , pp. 73-74
    • Nussbaum, M.1
  • 109
    • 58149387708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microvascular decompression in hemifacial spasm resulting from a cerebellopontine angle lipoma: case report
    • discussion E816.
    • Barajas RF, Jr., Chi J, Guo L, Barbaro N. Microvascular decompression in hemifacial spasm resulting from a cerebellopontine angle lipoma: case report. Neurosurgery. 2008; 63: E815-816; discussion E816.
    • (2008) Neurosurgery. , vol.63
    • Barajas Jr, R.F.1    Chi, J.2    Guo, L.3    Barbaro, N.4
  • 110
    • 26944484498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellopontine angle lipoma presenting with hemifacial spasm: case report and review of the literature
    • Sade B, Mohr G, Dufour JJ. Cerebellopontine angle lipoma presenting with hemifacial spasm: case report and review of the literature. J Otolaryngol. 2005; 34: 270-273.
    • (2005) J Otolaryngol. , vol.34 , pp. 270-273
    • Sade, B.1    Mohr, G.2    Dufour, J.J.3
  • 111
    • 0028955154 scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm resulting from cerebellopontine angle lipoma: case report
    • Inoue T, Maeyama R, Ogawa H. Hemifacial spasm resulting from cerebellopontine angle lipoma: case report. Neurosurgery. 1995; 36: 846-850.
    • (1995) Neurosurgery. , vol.36 , pp. 846-850
    • Inoue, T.1    Maeyama, R.2    Ogawa, H.3
  • 112
    • 0023146368 scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm due to cerebellopontine angle lipoma: case report
    • Levin JM, Lee JE. Hemifacial spasm due to cerebellopontine angle lipoma: case report. Neurology. 1987; 37: 337-339.
    • (1987) Neurology. , vol.37 , pp. 337-339
    • Levin, J.M.1    Lee, J.E.2
  • 113
    • 0023148773 scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm due to contralateral acoustic neuroma: case report
    • Nishi T, Matsukado Y, Nagahiro S, Fukushima M, Koga K. Hemifacial spasm due to contralateral acoustic neuroma: case report. Neurology. 1987; 37: 339-342.
    • (1987) Neurology. , vol.37 , pp. 339-342
    • Nishi, T.1    Matsukado, Y.2    Nagahiro, S.3    Fukushima, M.4    Koga, K.5
  • 114
    • 74349101600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellopontine angle arachnoid cyst: a case of hemifacial spasm caused by an organic lesion other than neurovascular compression: case report
    • discussion E1205.
    • Mastronardi L, Taniguchi R, Caroli M, Crispo F, Ferrante L, Fukushima T. Cerebellopontine angle arachnoid cyst: a case of hemifacial spasm caused by an organic lesion other than neurovascular compression: case report. Neurosurgery. 2009; 65: E1205; discussion E1205.
    • (2009) Neurosurgery. , vol.65
    • Mastronardi, L.1    Taniguchi, R.2    Caroli, M.3    Crispo, F.4    Ferrante, L.5    Fukushima, T.6
  • 115
    • 54949098445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retroclival arachnoid cyst with hemifacial spasm
    • Bonde V, Muzumdar D, Goel A. Retroclival arachnoid cyst with hemifacial spasm. Singapore Med J. 2008; 49: e281-282.
    • (2008) Singapore Med J. , vol.49
    • Bonde, V.1    Muzumdar, D.2    Goel, A.3
  • 116
    • 77956463636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microsurgical treatment for 55 patients with hemifacial spasm due to cerebellopontine angle tumors
    • Han H, Chen G, Zuo H. Microsurgical treatment for 55 patients with hemifacial spasm due to cerebellopontine angle tumors. Neurosurg Rev. 2010 33: 335-339.
    • (2010) Neurosurg Rev. , vol.33 , pp. 335-339
    • Han, H.1    Chen, G.2    Zuo, H.3
  • 118
    • 19444369266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm due to a subtentorial paramedian meningioma
    • Ferroli P, Broggi G. Hemifacial spasm due to a subtentorial paramedian meningioma. Neurol Sci. 2005; 26: 3-4.
    • (2005) Neurol Sci. , vol.26 , pp. 3-4
    • Ferroli, P.1    Broggi, G.2
  • 120
    • 0035076144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm due to cerebellopontine angle meningiomas--two case reports
    • Iwai Y, Yamanaka K, Nakajima H. Hemifacial spasm due to cerebellopontine angle meningiomas--two case reports. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2001; 41: 87-89.
    • (2001) Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). , vol.41 , pp. 87-89
    • Iwai, Y.1    Yamanaka, K.2    Nakajima, H.3
  • 121
    • 0030468073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occipital falcine meningioma presenting with ipsilateral hemifacial spasm: a case report
    • Bhayani R, Goel A. Occipital falcine meningioma presenting with ipsilateral hemifacial spasm: a case report. Br J Neurosurg. 1996; 10: 603-605.
    • (1996) Br J Neurosurg. , vol.10 , pp. 603-605
    • Bhayani, R.1    Goel, A.2
  • 122
    • 0028891010 scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm caused by contralateral cerebellopontine angle meningioma: case report
    • Rhee BA, Kim TS, Kim GK, Leem WL. Hemifacial spasm caused by contralateral cerebellopontine angle meningioma: case report. Neurosurgery. 1995; 36: 393-395.
    • (1995) Neurosurgery. , vol.36 , pp. 393-395
    • Rhee, B.A.1    Kim, T.S.2    Kim, G.K.3    Leem, W.L.4
  • 123
    • 0030050855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schwannoma arising from the intermediate nerve and manifesting as hemifacial spasm. Case report
    • Kudo A, Suzuki M, Kubo N, Kuroda K, Ogawa A, Iwasaki Y. Schwannoma arising from the intermediate nerve and manifesting as hemifacial spasm. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1996; 84: 277-279.
    • (1996) J Neurosurg. , vol.84 , pp. 277-279
    • Kudo, A.1    Suzuki, M.2    Kubo, N.3    Kuroda, K.4    Ogawa, A.5    Iwasaki, Y.6
  • 124
    • 0030695924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm caused by a hemangioma at the geniculate ganglion: case report
    • Asaoka K, Sawamura Y, Tada M, Abe H. Hemifacial spasm caused by a hemangioma at the geniculate ganglion: case report. Neurosurgery. 1997; 41: 1195-1197.
    • (1997) Neurosurgery. , vol.41 , pp. 1195-1197
    • Asaoka, K.1    Sawamura, Y.2    Tada, M.3    Abe, H.4
  • 126
    • 33750328300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm as the initial manifestation of childhood cerebellar astrocytoma
    • Mezer E, Nischal KK, Nahjawan N, MacKeen LD, Buncic JR. Hemifacial spasm as the initial manifestation of childhood cerebellar astrocytoma. J AAPOS. 2006; 10: 489-490.
    • (2006) J AAPOS. , vol.10 , pp. 489-490
    • Mezer, E.1    Nischal, K.K.2    Nahjawan, N.3    MacKeen, L.D.4    Buncic, J.R.5
  • 127
    • 0032723174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm caused by a pilocytic astrocytoma of the fourth ventricle
    • Sandberg DI, Souweidane MM. Hemifacial spasm caused by a pilocytic astrocytoma of the fourth ventricle. Pediatr Neurol. 1999; 21: 754-756.
    • (1999) Pediatr Neurol. , vol.21 , pp. 754-756
    • Sandberg, D.I.1    Souweidane, M.M.2
  • 128
    • 0036320539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm associated with an ependymal cyst in the cerebellopontine angle. Case report
    • Harada A, Takeuchi S, Inenaga C, et al. Hemifacial spasm associated with an ependymal cyst in the cerebellopontine angle. Case report. J Neurosurg. 2002; 97: 482-485.
    • (2002) J Neurosurg. , vol.97 , pp. 482-485
    • Harada, A.1    Takeuchi, S.2    Inenaga, C.3
  • 129
    • 24944457216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm caused by pontine glioma: case report and review of the literature
    • Elgamal EA, Coakham HB. Hemifacial spasm caused by pontine glioma: case report and review of the literature. Neurosurg Rev. 2005; 28: 330-332.
    • (2005) Neurosurg Rev. , vol.28 , pp. 330-332
    • Elgamal, E.A.1    Coakham, H.B.2
  • 130
    • 67649518318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm caused by epidermoid tumor at cerebello pontine angle
    • Choi SK, Rhee BA, Lim YJ. Hemifacial spasm caused by epidermoid tumor at cerebello pontine angle. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2009; 45: 196-198.
    • (2009) J Korean Neurosurg Soc. , vol.45 , pp. 196-198
    • Choi, S.K.1    Rhee, B.A.2    Lim, Y.J.3
  • 131
    • 46649117641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar gangliocytoma presenting with hemifacial spasms: clinical report, literature review and possible mechanisms
    • discussion 724.
    • Minkin K, Tzekov C, Naydenov E, et al. Cerebellar gangliocytoma presenting with hemifacial spasms: clinical report, literature review and possible mechanisms. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2008; 150: 719-724; discussion 724.
    • (2008) Acta Neurochir (Wien). , vol.150 , pp. 719-724
    • Minkin, K.1    Tzekov, C.2    Naydenov, E.3
  • 132
    • 0342470657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The treatment with alendronate in hemifacial spasm associated with Paget's disease of bone
    • Fu KK, Ko A. The treatment with alendronate in hemifacial spasm associated with Paget's disease of bone. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2000; 102: 48-51.
    • (2000) Clin Neurol Neurosurg. , vol.102 , pp. 48-51
    • Fu, K.K.1    Ko, A.2
  • 133
    • 0026774679 scopus 로고
    • Paget's disease and hemifacial spasm
    • Linazasoro G, Marti Masso JF. Paget's disease and hemifacial spasm. Neurology. 1992; 42: 1643-1644.
    • (1992) Neurology. , vol.42 , pp. 1643-1644
    • Linazasoro, G.1    Marti Masso, J.F.2
  • 134
    • 0025770059 scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm associated with Paget's disease of bone: good response to calcitonin
    • Fernandez JM, Mederer S, Alvarez-Sabin J, Segura A, Codina A. Hemifacial spasm associated with Paget's disease of bone: good response to calcitonin. Neurology. 1991; 41: 1322-1323.
    • (1991) Neurology. , vol.41 , pp. 1322-1323
    • Fernandez, J.M.1    Mederer, S.2    Alvarez-Sabin, J.3    Segura, A.4    Codina, A.5
  • 135
    • 27244450835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm in a patient with Marfan syndrome and Chiari I malformation. Case report
    • Braca J, Hornyak M, Murali R. Hemifacial spasm in a patient with Marfan syndrome and Chiari I malformation. Case report. J Neurosurg. 2005; 103: 552-554.
    • (2005) J Neurosurg. , vol.103 , pp. 552-554
    • Braca, J.1    Hornyak, M.2    Murali, R.3
  • 136
    • 0031743345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm associated with Marfan's syndrome: a case report
    • Nagatani T, Inao S, Yoshida J. Hemifacial spasm associated with Marfan's syndrome: a case report. Neurosurg Rev. 1998; 21: 152-154.
    • (1998) Neurosurg Rev. , vol.21 , pp. 152-154
    • Nagatani, T.1    Inao, S.2    Yoshida, J.3
  • 138
    • 35448983981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm in a patient with neurofibromatosis and Arnold-Chiari malformation: a unique case association
    • Felicio AC, Godeiro-Junior Cde O, Borges V, Silva SM, Ferraz HB. Hemifacial spasm in a patient with neurofibromatosis and Arnold-Chiari malformation: a unique case association. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2007; 65: 855-857.
    • (2007) Arq Neuropsiquiatr. , vol.65 , pp. 855-857
    • Felicio, A.C.1    Godeiro-Junior Cde, O.2    Borges, V.3    Silva, S.M.4    Ferraz, H.B.5
  • 139
    • 23244446462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chiari type I malformation presenting as hemifacial spasm: case report
    • discussion E371.
    • Colpan ME, Sekerci Z. Chiari type I malformation presenting as hemifacial spasm: case report. Neurosurgery. 2005; 57: E371; discussion E371.
    • (2005) Neurosurgery. , vol.57
    • Colpan, M.E.1    Sekerci, Z.2
  • 140
    • 33745684481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm associated with focal bone hyperostosis
    • Mitsos A, Georgakoulias N, Jenkins A. Hemifacial spasm associated with focal bone hyperostosis. Br J Neurosurg. 2006; 20: 161-165.
    • (2006) Br J Neurosurg. , vol.20 , pp. 161-165
    • Mitsos, A.1    Georgakoulias, N.2    Jenkins, A.3
  • 141
    • 36248995829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poststroke partial seizures presenting as hemifacial spasm
    • Towfigh A, Mostofi N, Motamedi GK. Poststroke partial seizures presenting as hemifacial spasm. Mov Disord. 2007; 22: 1981-1982.
    • (2007) Mov Disord. , vol.22 , pp. 1981-1982
    • Towfigh, A.1    Mostofi, N.2    Motamedi, G.K.3
  • 142
    • 0026941010 scopus 로고
    • Blepharospasm hemifacial spasm and tremors possibly due to isolated caudate nucleus lesions
    • Arunabh Jain S, Maheshwari MC. Blepharospasm hemifacial spasm and tremors possibly due to isolated caudate nucleus lesions. J Assoc Physicians India. 1992; 40: 687-689.
    • (1992) J Assoc Physicians India. , vol.40 , pp. 687-689
    • Arunabh Jain, S.1    Maheshwari, M.C.2
  • 143
    • 0025111059 scopus 로고
    • Lacunar pontine infarction with hemifacial spasm as the initial symptom
    • Kawakami M, Sato T, Tochigi S, Ito T. Lacunar pontine infarction with hemifacial spasm as the initial symptom. Stroke. 1990; 21: 1236.
    • (1990) Stroke. , vol.21 , pp. 1236
    • Kawakami, M.1    Sato, T.2    Tochigi, S.3    Ito, T.4
  • 145
    • 0024023719 scopus 로고
    • Lacunar pontine infarction presenting as isolated facial spasm
    • Ambrosetto P, Forlani S. Lacunar pontine infarction presenting as isolated facial spasm. Stroke. 1988; 19: 784-785.
    • (1988) Stroke. , vol.19 , pp. 784-785
    • Ambrosetto, P.1    Forlani, S.2
  • 148
  • 149
    • 33645315228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm associated with otitis media with effusion: a first reported case
    • Lavon H, Cohen-Kerem R, Uri N. Hemifacial spasm associated with otitis media with effusion: a first reported case. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2006; 70: 947-950.
    • (2006) Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. , vol.70 , pp. 947-950
    • Lavon, H.1    Cohen-Kerem, R.2    Uri, N.3
  • 150
    • 0020546232 scopus 로고
    • Hemifacial spasm in tuberculous meningitis
    • Sandyk R. Hemifacial spasm in tuberculous meningitis. Postgrad Med J. 1983; 59: 570-571.
    • (1983) Postgrad Med J. , vol.59 , pp. 570-571
    • Sandyk, R.1
  • 151
    • 0036924423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facial palsy, postparalytic facial syndrome, and hemifacial spasm
    • Valls-Sole J. Facial palsy, postparalytic facial syndrome, and hemifacial spasm. Mov Disord. 2002; 17(Suppl 2): S49-S52.
    • (2002) Mov Disord. , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Valls-Sole, J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.