Potentially inappropriate medications in geriatric outpatients with polypharmacy: Application of six sets of published explicit criteria

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology

Volumn 72, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 482-489

  Chang, Chirn Bin ^a   Chen, Jen Hau ^b,c   Wen, Chiung Jung ^b   Kuo, Hsu Ko ^c,d   Lu, I Shu ^b   Chiu, Lee Shu ^e   Wu, Shwu Chong ^e   Chan, Ding Cheng Derrick ^b  

^a CHANGHUA CHRISTIAN HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

^b NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

^c NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^d University of Texas Medical Branch School of Medicine   (United States)

^e TAIPEI CITY HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Elderly patient; Explicit criteria; Polypharmacy; Potentially inappropriate medication

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALPRAZOLAM; ATORVASTATIN; DIPYRIDAMOLE; DOXAZOSIN;

AGED; ARTICLE; CHRONIC DRUG ADMINISTRATION; FEMALE; GERIATRIC PATIENT; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MARKET; OUTPATIENT; POLYPHARMACY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR;

AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; AMBULATORY CARE; DRUG UTILIZATION; FEMALE; GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT; HUMANS; MALE; MEDICATION ERRORS; PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS; PHYSICIAN'S PRACTICE PATTERNS; POLYPHARMACY; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 79961162130     PISSN: 03065251     EISSN: 13652125     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04010.x     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. PCNE Working Group on Drug-Related Problems. Pharmaceutical Care Network, E. PCNE articles, sorted by primary authors 2006. Available at (last accessed 20 May 2011).
2. van Mil JW, Westerlund LO, Hersberger KE, Schaefer MA. Drug-related problem classification systems. Ann Pharmacother 2004; 38: 859-67.
3. O'Mahony D, Gallagher PF. Inappropriate prescribing in the older population: need for new criteria. Age Ageing 2008; 37: 138-41.
4. Fick DM, Cooper JW, Wade WE, Waller JL, Maclean JR, Beers MH. Updating the Beers criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults: results of a US consensus panel of experts. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163: 2716-24.
5. Wenger NS, Shekelle PG. Assessing care of vulnerable elders: ACOVE project overview. Ann Intern Med 2001; 135: 642-6.
6. Pugh MJ, Hanlon JT, Zeber JE, Bierman A, Cornell J, Berlowitz DR. Assessing potentially inappropriate prescribing in the elderly Veterans Affairs population using the HEDIS 2006 quality measure. J Manag Care Pharm 2006; 12: 537-45.
7. Carey IM, De Wilde S, Harris T, Victor C, Richards N, Hilton SR, Cook DG. What factors predict potentially inappropriate primary care prescribing in older people? Analysis of UK primary care patient record database. Drugs Aging 2008; 25: 693-706.
8. Zuckerman IH, Langenberg P, Baumgarten M, Orwig D, Byrns PJ, Simoni-Wastila L, Magaziner J. Inappropriate drug use and risk of transition to nursing homes among community-dwelling older adults. Med Care 2006; 44: 722-30.
9. Fick DM, Mion LC, Beers MH, Waller JL. Health outcomes associated with potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults. Res Nurs Health 2008; 31: 42-51.
10. Ryan C, O'Mahony D, Kennedy J, Weedle P, Byrne S. Potentially inappropriate prescribing in an Irish elderly population in primary care. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2009; 68: 936-47.
11. Lai HY, Hwang SJ, Chen YC, Chen TJ, Lin MH, Chen LK. Prevalence of the prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications at ambulatory care visits by elderly patients covered by the Taiwanese National Health Insurance program. Clin Ther 2009; 31: 1859-70.
12. Spinewine A, Schmader KE, Barber N, Hughes C, Lapane KL, Swine C, Hanlon JT. Appropriate prescribing in elderly people: how well can it be measured and optimised? Lancet 2007; 370: 173-84.
13. Laroche ML, Charmes JP, Merle L. Potentially inappropriate medications in the elderly: a French consensus panel list. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2007; 63: 725-31.
14. Rognstad S, Brekke M, Fetveit A, Spigset O, Wyller TB, Straand J. The Norwegian General Practice (NORGEP) criteria for assessing potentially inappropriate prescriptions to elderly patients. A modified Delphi study. Scand J Prim Health Care 2009; 27: 153-9.
15. Winit-Watjana W, Sakulrat P, Kespichayawattana J. Criteria for high-risk medication use in Thai older patients. Arch Gerontol Geriat 2008; 47: 35-51.
16. Gallagher P, Ryan C, Byrne S, Kennedy J, O'Mahony D. STOPP (Screening Tool of Older Person's Prescriptions) and START (Screening Tool to Alert Doctors to Right Treatment). Consensus validation. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008; 46: 72-83.
17. Rancourt C, Moisan J, Baillargeon L, Verreault R, Laurin D, Gregoire JP. Potentially inappropriate prescriptions for older patients in long-term care. BMC Geriatr 2004; 4: 9 (1-9).
18. Bongue B, Naudin F, Laroche ML, Galteau MM, Guy C, Gueguen R, Convers JP, Colvez A, Maarouf N. Trends of the potentially inappropriate medication consumption over 10 years in older adults in the East of France. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2009; 18: 1125-33.
19. Chang CB, Chan DC. Comparison of published explicit criteria for potentially inappropriate medications in older adults. Drugs Aging 2010; 27: 947-57.
20. Chan DC, Chen JH, Kuo HK, We CJ, Lu IS, Chiu LS, Wu SC. Drug-related problems (DRPs) identified from geriatric medication safety review clinics. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2011; doi: 10. 1016/j. archger.2011.02.005 [Epub ahead of print].
21. Nagi SZ. A study in the evaluation of disability and rehabilitation potential: concepts, methods, and procedures. Am J Public Health Nations Health 1964; 54: 1568-79.
22. Lawton MP, Brody EM. Assessment of older people: self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist 1969; 9: 179-86.
23. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. 'Mini-mental state'. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975; 12: 189-98.
24. Liu CY, Lu CH, Yu S, Yang YY. Correlations between scores on Chinese versions of long and short forms of the Geriatric Depression Scale among elderly Chinese. Psychol Rep 1998; 82: 211-4.
25. McLeod PJ, Huang AR, Tamblyn RM, Gayton DC. Defining inappropriate practices in prescribing for elderly people: a national consensus panel. CMAJ 1997; 156: 385-91.
26. Database of medications covered by National Health Insurance, Taiwan. Available at (last accessed 20 May 2011).
27. Fialova D, Topinkova E, Gambassi G, Finne-Soveri H, Jonsson PV, Carpenter I, Schroll M, Onder G, Sorbye LW, Wagner C, Reissigova J, Bernabei R. Potentially inappropriate medication use among elderly home care patients in Europe. JAMA 2005; 293: 1348-58.
28. Kolzsch M, Kopke K, Fischer T, Hofmann W, Kuhnert R, Bolbrinker J, Kuhlmey A, Drager D, Kreutz R. Prescribing of inappropriate medication in nursing home residents in Germany according to a French consensus list: a cross-sectional cohort study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2011; 20: 12-9.
29. Holt S, Schmiedl S, Thurmann PA. Potentially inappropriate medications in the elderly: the PRISCUS list. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2010; 107: 543-51.
30. Aparasu RR, Mort JR. Inappropriate prescribing for the elderly: beers criteria-based review. Ann Pharmacother 2000; 34: 338-46.
31. Cahir C, Fahey T, Teeling M, Teljeur C, Feely J, Bennett K. Potentially inappropriate prescribing and cost outcomes for older people: a national population study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010; 69: 543-52.
32. Albert SM, Colombi A, Hanlon J. Potentially inappropriate medications and risk of hospitalization in retirees: analysis of a US retiree health claims database. Drugs Aging 2010; 27: 407-15.
33. Chang CM, Chen MJ, Tsai CY, Ho LH, Hsieh HL, Chau YL, Liu CY. Medical conditions and medications as risk factors of falls in the inpatient older people: a case-control study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011; 26: 602-7.
34. Agashivala N, Wu WCK. Effects of potentially inappropriate psychoactive medications on falls in US nursing home residents analysis of the 2004 National Nursing Home Survey Database. Drug Aging 2009; 26: 853-60.
35. Steinman MA, Rosenthal GE, Landefeld CS, Bertenthal D, Kaboli PJ. Agreement between drugs-to-avoid criteria and expert assessments of problematic prescribing. Arch Intern Med 2009; 169: 1326-32.