메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 93, Issue 11, 2011, Pages 1008-1015

Exposure to ionizing radiation and development of bone sarcoma: New insights based on atomic-bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ARTICLE; ATOMIC BOMB SURVIVOR; BONE MARROW; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; DEMOGRAPHY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; DOSE RESPONSE; FEMALE; HUMAN; IONIZING RADIATION; JAPAN; LATENT PERIOD; MALE; MORPHOLOGY; OSTEOSARCOMA; PELVIS CANCER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION ABSORPTION; RADIATION DOSE; RADIATION HAZARD; SURVIVAL; SURVIVAL RATE;

EID: 79961057827     PISSN: 00219355     EISSN: 15351386     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.J.00256     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (41)

References (84)
  • 3
    • 0021959098 scopus 로고
    • Postradiation osteogenic sarcoma of bone and soft tissues. A clinicopathologic study of 66 patients
    • DOI 10.1002/1097-0142(19850315)55:6<1244::AID-CNCR2820550617>3.0. CO;2-1
    • Huvos AG, Woodard HQ, Cahan WG, Higinbotham NL, Stewart FW, Butler A, Bretsky SS. Postradiation osteogenic sarcoma of bone and soft tissues. A clinico-pathologic study of 66 patients. Cancer. 1985;55:1244-55. (Pubitemid 15143400)
    • (1985) Cancer , vol.55 , Issue.6 , pp. 1244-1255
    • Huvos, A.G.1    Woodard, H.Q.2    Cahan, W.G.3
  • 4
    • 0022622364 scopus 로고
    • Radiation-induced sarcomas of the chest wall
    • DOI 10.1002/1097-0142(19860201)57:3<610::AID-CNCR2820570336>3.0. CO;2-P
    • Souba WW, McKenna RJ Jr, Meis J, Benjamin R, Raymond AK, Mountain CF. Radiation-induced sarcomas of the chest wall. Cancer. 1986;57:610-5. (Pubitemid 16164620)
    • (1986) Cancer , vol.57 , Issue.3 , pp. 610-615
    • Souba, W.W.1    McKenna Jr., R.J.2    Meis, J.3
  • 6
    • 40849092154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone cancer
    • Schottenfield D, Fraumeni JF, editors. Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Miller RW, Boice JD, Curtis RE. Bone cancer. In: Schottenfield D, Fraumeni JF, editors. Cancer epidemiology and prevention. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2006. p 946-58.
    • (2006) Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention , pp. 946-958
    • Miller, R.W.1    Boice, J.D.2    Curtis, R.E.3
  • 8
    • 0021857931 scopus 로고
    • Second cancers following radiation treatment for cervical cancer. An international collaboration among cancer registries
    • Boice JD Jr, Day NE, Andersen A, Brinton LA, Brown R, Choi NW, Clarke EA, Coleman MP, Curtis RE, Flannery JT, et al. Second cancers following radiation treatment for cervical cancer. An international collaboration among cancer registries. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1985;74:955-75. (Pubitemid 15062953)
    • (1985) Journal of the National Cancer Institute , vol.74 , Issue.5 , pp. 955-975
    • Boice Jr., J.D.1    Day, N.E.2    Andersen, A.3
  • 9
    • 0030954580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radium dial workers: Issues concerning dose response and modeling
    • DOI 10.2307/3579484
    • Carnes BA, Groer PG, Kotek TJ. Radium dial workers: issues concerning dose response and modeling. Radiat Res. 1997;147:707-14. (Pubitemid 27247184)
    • (1997) Radiation Research , vol.147 , Issue.6 , pp. 707-714
    • Carnes, B.A.1    Groer, P.G.2    Kotek, T.J.3
  • 12
    • 0031771999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies of U.S. radium dial workers: An epidemiological classic
    • Fry SA. Studies of U.S. radium dial workers: an epidemiological classic. Radiat Res. 1998;150(5 Suppl):S21-9. (Pubitemid 28519048)
    • (1998) Radiation Research , vol.150 , Issue.5 SUPPL.
    • Fry, S.A.1
  • 13
    • 0025636041 scopus 로고
    • Second primary tumors following radiotherapy for childhood cancer
    • Hawkins MM. Second primary tumors following radiotherapy for childhood cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1990;19:1297-301.
    • (1990) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.19 , pp. 1297-1301
    • Hawkins, M.M.1
  • 14
    • 0035395166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased risk of soft tissue sarcoma after radiotherapy in women with breast carcinoma
    • DOI 10.1002/1097-0142(20010701)92:1<172::AID-CNCR1306>3.0.CO;2-K
    • Huang J, Mackillop WJ. Increased risk of soft tissue sarcoma after radiotherapy in women with breast carcinoma. Cancer. 2001;92:172-80. (Pubitemid 32623054)
    • (2001) Cancer , vol.92 , Issue.1 , pp. 172-180
    • Huang, J.1    Mackillop, W.J.2
  • 17
    • 0023911234 scopus 로고
    • Estimated radiation doses to different organs among patients treated for ankylosing spondylitis with a single course of X rays
    • Lewis CA, Smith PG, Stratton IM, Darby SC, Doll R. Estimated radiation doses to different organs among patients treated for ankylosing spondylitis with a single course of X rays. Br J Radiol. 1988;61:212-20. (Pubitemid 18061783)
    • (1988) British Journal of Radiology , vol.61 , Issue.723 , pp. 212-220
    • Lewis, C.A.1    Smith, P.G.2    Stratton, I.M.3    Darby, S.C.4    Doll, R.5
  • 19
    • 0023239053 scopus 로고
    • Bone sarcomas linked to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in children
    • Tucker MA, D'Angio GJ, Boice JD Jr, Strong LC, Li FP, Stovall M, Stone BJ, Green DM, Lombardi F, Newton W, et al. Bone sarcomas linked to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in children. N Engl J Med. 1987;317:588-93. (Pubitemid 17126781)
    • (1987) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.317 , Issue.10 , pp. 588-593
    • Tucker, M.A.1    D'Angio, G.J.2    Boice Jr., J.D.3
  • 20
    • 31544454189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of bone and soft tissue sarcoma after radiotherapy: A cohort study of 295,712 Finnish cancer patients
    • DOI 10.1002/ijc.21456
    • Virtanen A, Pukkala E, Auvinen A. Incidence of bone and soft tissue sarcoma after radiotherapy: a cohort study of 295,712 Finnish cancer patients. Int J Cancer. 2006;118:1017-21. (Pubitemid 43157680)
    • (2006) International Journal of Cancer , vol.118 , Issue.4 , pp. 1017-1021
    • Virtanen, A.1    Pukkala, E.2    Auvinen, A.3
  • 21
    • 0028170729 scopus 로고
    • Cancer mortality following X-ray treatment for ankylosing spondylitis
    • Weiss HA, Darby SC, Doll R. Cancer mortality following X-ray treatment for ankylosing spondylitis. Int J Cancer. 1994;59:327-38.
    • (1994) Int J Cancer , vol.59 , pp. 327-338
    • Weiss, H.A.1    Darby, S.C.2    Doll, R.3
  • 24
    • 0017849111 scopus 로고
    • Mortality among women first employed before 1930 inthe US radium dial painting industry. A group ascertained from employment lists
    • Polednak AP, Stehney AF, Rowland RE. Mortality among women first employed before 1930 in the U.S. radium dial-painting industry. A group ascertained from employment lists. Am J Epidemiol. 1978;107:179-95. (Pubitemid 8313528)
    • (1978) American Journal of Epidemiology , vol.107 , Issue.3 , pp. 179-195
    • Polednak, A.P.1    Stehney, A.F.2    Rowland, R.E.3
  • 25
    • 0018077471 scopus 로고
    • Dose-response relationships for female radium dial workers
    • Rowland RE, Stehney AF, Lucas HF Jr. Dose-response relationships for female radium dial workers. Radiat Res. 1978;76:368-83. (Pubitemid 9069293)
    • (1978) Radiation Research , vol.76 , Issue.2 , pp. 368-383
    • Rowland, R.E.1    Stehney, A.F.2    Lucas Jr., H.F.3
  • 26
    • 0028930232 scopus 로고
    • Effects of low doses and low dose rates of external ionizing radiation: Cancer mortality among nuclear industry workers in three countries
    • Cardis E, Gilbert ES, Carpenter L, Howe G, Kato I, Armstrong BK, Beral V, Cowper G, Douglas A, Fix J, et al. Effects of low doses and low dose rates of external ionizing radiation: cancer mortality among nuclear industry workers in three countries. Radiat Res. 1995;142:117-32.
    • (1995) Radiat Res , vol.142 , pp. 117-132
    • Cardis, E.1    Gilbert, E.S.2    Carpenter, L.3    Howe, G.4    Kato, I.5    Armstrong, B.K.6    Beral, V.7    Cowper, G.8    Douglas, A.9    Fix, J.10
  • 28
    • 0016784545 scopus 로고
    • Pre-natal irradiation and childhood malignancy: A review of British data from the Oxford Survey
    • Bithell JF, Stewart AM. Pre-natal irradiation and childhood malignancy: a review of British data from the Oxford Survey. Br J Cancer. 1975;31:271-87.
    • (1975) Br J Cancer , vol.31 , pp. 271-287
    • Bithell, J.F.1    Stewart, A.M.2
  • 29
    • 0028265480 scopus 로고
    • Mortality in a cohort of women given X-ray therapy for metropathia haemorrhagica
    • Darby SC, Reeves G, Key T, Doll R, Stovall M. Mortality in a cohort of women given X-ray therapy for metropathia haemorrhagica. Int J Cancer. 1994;56: 793-801. (Pubitemid 24102742)
    • (1994) International Journal of Cancer , vol.56 , Issue.6 , pp. 793-801
    • Darby, S.C.1    Reeves, G.2    Key, T.3    Doll, R.4    Stovall, M.5
  • 30
    • 0023771691 scopus 로고
    • Cancer incidence after radiotherapy for skin hemangioma: A retrospective cohort study in Sweden
    • Fürst CJ, Lundell M, Holm LE, Silfverswärd C. Cancer incidence after radiotherapy for skin hemangioma: a retrospective cohort study in Sweden. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1988;80:1387-92.
    • (1988) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.80 , pp. 1387-1392
    • Fürst, C.J.1    Lundell, M.2    Holm, L.E.3    Silfverswärd, C.4
  • 33
    • 0018079999 scopus 로고
    • Radiation-induced soft-tissue and bone sarcoma
    • Kim JH, Chu FC, Woodard HQ, Melamed MR, Huvos A, Cantin J. Radiation-induced soft-tissue and bone sarcoma. Radiology. 1978;129:501-8. (Pubitemid 9003907)
    • (1978) Radiology , vol.129 , Issue.2 , pp. 501-508
    • Kim, J.H.1    Chu, F.C.2    Woodard, H.Q.3
  • 38
    • 0034915894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-radiation sarcomas: A review of the clinical and imaging features in 63 cases
    • DOI 10.1053/crad.2000.0599
    • Sheppard DG, Libshitz HI. Post-radiation sarcomas: a review of the clinical and imaging features in 63 cases. Clin Radiol. 2001;56:22-9. (Pubitemid 32685180)
    • (2001) Clinical Radiology , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-29
    • Sheppard, D.G.1    Libshitz, H.I.2
  • 39
    • 0020025194 scopus 로고
    • Radiation-induced sarcoma of bone: Clinical and radiographic findings in 43 patients irradiated for soft tissue neoplasms
    • DOI 10.1016/S0009-9260(82)80065-2
    • Smith J. Radiation-induced sarcoma of bone: clinical and radiographic findings in 43 patients irradiated for soft tissue neoplasms. Clin Radiol. 1982;33:205-21. (Pubitemid 12122296)
    • (1982) Clinical Radiology , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 205-221
    • Smith, J.1
  • 40
    • 0022448657 scopus 로고
    • Postradiation sarcoma involving the spine
    • Sundaresan N, Huvos AG, Krol G, Hughes JE, Cahan WG. Postradiation sarcoma involving the spine. Neurosurgery. 1986;18:721-4. (Pubitemid 16067824)
    • (1986) Neurosurgery , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 721-724
    • Sundaresan, N.1    Huvos, A.G.2    Krol, G.3
  • 43
    • 0034094975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of bone and head sinus cancers in radium dial painters using a two-mutation carcinogenesis model
    • DOI 10.1088/0952-4746/20/2/303
    • Leenhouts HP, Brugmans MJ. An analysis of bone and head sinus cancers in radium dial painters using a two-mutation carcinogenesis model. J Radiol Prot. 2000;20:169-88. (Pubitemid 30352914)
    • (2000) Journal of Radiological Protection , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 169-188
    • Leenhouts, H.P.1    Brugmans, M.J.P.2
  • 48
    • 0019797130 scopus 로고
    • Postradiation sarcoma of bone. Review of 78 Mayo Clinic cases
    • Weatherby RP, Dahlin DC, Ivins JC. Postradiation sarcoma of bone: review of 78 Mayo Clinic cases. Mayo Clin Proc. 1981;56:294-306. (Pubitemid 11082728)
    • (1981) Mayo Clinic Proceedings , vol.56 , Issue.5 , pp. 294-306
    • Weatherby, R.P.1    Dahlin, D.C.2    Ivins, J.C.3
  • 49
    • 0028859236 scopus 로고
    • Sarcomas following radiation therapy for breast cancer: A report of three cases and a review of the literature
    • Pendlebury SC, Bilous M, Langlands AO. Sarcomas following radiation therapy for breast cancer: a report of three cases and a review of the literature. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1995;31:405-10.
    • (1995) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.31 , pp. 405-410
    • Pendlebury, S.C.1    Bilous, M.2    Langlands, A.O.3
  • 50
    • 0020693876 scopus 로고
    • Dose-response relationships for radium-induced bone sarcomas
    • Rowland RE, Stehney AF, Lucas HF. Dose-response relationships for radium-induced bone sarcomas. Health Phys. 1983;44 Suppl 1:15-31.
    • (1983) Health Phys , vol.44 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 15-31
    • Rowland, R.E.1    Stehney, A.F.2    Lucas, H.F.3
  • 52
    • 3843067582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper dose thresholds for radiation-induced adaptive response against cancer in high-dose-exposed, cancer-prone, radiation-sensitive Trp53 heterozygous mice
    • DOI 10.1667/RR3190
    • Mitchel RE, Jackson JS, Carlisle SM. Upper dose thresholds for radiation-induced adaptive response against cancer in high-dose-exposed, cancer-prone, radiation-sensitive Trp53 heterozygous mice. Radiat Res. 2004;162:20-30. (Pubitemid 39044715)
    • (2004) Radiation Research , vol.162 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-30
    • Mitchel, R.E.J.1    Jackson, J.S.2    Carlisle, S.M.3
  • 54
    • 0019988311 scopus 로고
    • Postirradiation osteogenic sarcoma with unilateral metastatic spread within the field of irradiation. Case report and review of the literature
    • DOI 10.1007/BF02219623
    • Young JW, Liebscher LA. Postirradiation osteogenic sarcoma with unilateral metastatic spread within the field of irradiation. Case report and review of the literature. Skeletal Radiol. 1982;8:279-83. (Pubitemid 12019085)
    • (1982) Skeletal Radiology , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 279-283
    • Young, J.W.1    Liebscher, L.A.2
  • 58
    • 0141764894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies of mortality of atomic bomb survivors. Report 13: Solid cancer and noncancer disease mortality: 1950-1997
    • DOI 10.1667/RR3049
    • Preston DL, Shimizu Y, Pierce DA, Suyama A, Mabuchi K. Studies of mortality of atomic bomb survivors. Report 13: Solid cancer and noncancer disease mortality: 1950-1997. Radiat Res. 2003;160:381-407. (Pubitemid 37174507)
    • (2003) Radiation Research , vol.160 , Issue.4 , pp. 381-407
    • Preston, D.L.1    Shimizu, Y.2    Pierce, D.A.3    Suyama, A.4    Mabuchi, K.5
  • 59
    • 3042679660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noncancer disease incidence in atomic bomb survivors, 1958-1998
    • DOI 10.1667/RR3183
    • Yamada M, Wong FL, Fujiwara S, Akahoshi M, Suzuki G. Noncancer disease incidence in atomic bomb survivors, 1958-1998. Radiat Res. 2004;161:622-32. (Pubitemid 39149570)
    • (2004) Radiation Research , vol.161 , Issue.6 , pp. 622-632
    • Yamada, M.1    Wong, F.L.2    Fujiwara, S.3    Akahoshi, M.4    Suzuki, G.5
  • 60
    • 0028137732 scopus 로고
    • Agreement between death certificate and autopsy diagnoses among atomic bomb survivors
    • Ron E, Carter R, Jablon S, Mabuchi K. Agreement between death certificate and autopsy diagnoses among atomic bomb survivors. Epidemiology. 1994;5:48-56. (Pubitemid 24021115)
    • (1994) Epidemiology , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 48-56
    • Ron, E.1    Carter, R.2    Jablon, S.3    Mabuchi, K.4
  • 63
    • 0000292905 scopus 로고
    • Zur Frage des Rontgensarkoms, zugleich ein Beitrag zur Pathogenese des Sarkoms
    • Beck A. Zur Frage des Rontgensarkoms, zugleich ein Beitrag zur Pathogenese des Sarkoms. Munchener Med Wochenschr. 1922;69:623-5.
    • (1922) Munchener Med Wochenschr , vol.69 , pp. 623-625
    • Beck, A.1
  • 64
    • 0000594406 scopus 로고
    • Osteogenic sarcoma in dial painters using luminous paint
    • Martland H, Humphries R. Osteogenic sarcoma in dial painters using luminous paint. Arch Pathol. 1929;7:406-17.
    • (1929) Arch Pathol , vol.7 , pp. 406-417
    • Martland, H.1    Humphries, R.2
  • 66
    • 0019363908 scopus 로고
    • Risks of radiation at low dose rates
    • Baverstock KF, Papworth D, Vennart J. Risks of radiation at low dose rates. Lancet. 1981;1:430-3. (Pubitemid 11188944)
    • (1981) Lancet , vol.1 , Issue.8217 , pp. 430-433
    • Baverstock, K.F.1    Papworth, D.2    Vennart, J.3
  • 68
    • 33746305871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary versus radiation-associated craniofacial osteosarcoma: Biologic and clinicopathologic comparisons
    • DOI 10.1002/cncr.22019
    • McHugh JB, Thomas DG, Herman JM, Ray ME, Baker LH, Adsay NV, Rabah R, Lucas DR. Primary versus radiation-associated craniofacial osteosarcoma: Biologic and clinicopathologic comparisons. Cancer. 2006;107:554-62. (Pubitemid 44107216)
    • (2006) Cancer , vol.107 , Issue.3 , pp. 554-562
    • McHugh, J.B.1    Thomas, D.G.2    Herman, J.M.3    Ray, M.E.4    Baker, L.H.5    Adsay, N.V.6    Rabah, R.7    Lucas, D.R.8
  • 71
    • 0026447208 scopus 로고
    • Radiation-associated sarcoma of bone and soft tissue
    • Brady MS, Gaynor JJ, Brennan MF. Radiation-associated sarcoma of bone and soft tissue. Arch Surg. 1992;127:1379-85.
    • (1992) Arch Surg , vol.127 , pp. 1379-1385
    • Brady, M.S.1    Gaynor, J.J.2    Brennan, M.F.3
  • 73
    • 0034650837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second malignancies in prostate carcinoma patients after radiotherapy compared with surgery
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(20000115)88:2<398::AID-CNCR22>3.0.CO;2- V
    • Brenner DJ, Curtis RE, Hall EJ, Ron E. Secondmalignancies in prostate carcinoma patients after radiotherapy compared with surgery. Cancer. 2000;88:398-406. (Pubitemid 30051826)
    • (2000) Cancer , vol.88 , Issue.2 , pp. 398-406
    • Brenner, D.J.1    Curtis, R.E.2    Hall, E.J.3    Ron, E.4
  • 75
    • 0034565147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of intensity-modulated radiotherapy with conventional conformal radiotherapy for complex-shaped tumors
    • Pirzkall A, Carol M, Lohr F, Höss A, Wannenmacher M, Debus J. Comparison of intensity-modulated radiotherapy with conventional conformal radiotherapy for complex-shaped tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;48:1371-80.
    • (2000) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.48 , pp. 1371-1380
    • Pirzkall, A.1    Carol, M.2    Lohr, F.3    Höss, A.4    Wannenmacher, M.5    Debus, J.6
  • 79
    • 33748096108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-Term Outcome of High Dose Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy for Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
    • DOI 10.1016/j.juro.2006.06.002, PII S0022534706013711
    • Zelefsky MJ, Chan H, Hunt M, Yamada Y, Shippy AM, Amols H. Long-term outcome of high dose intensity modulated radiation therapy for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. J Urol. 2006;176:1415-9. (Pubitemid 44307191)
    • (2006) Journal of Urology , vol.176 , Issue.4 , pp. 1415-1419
    • Zelefsky, M.J.1    Chan, H.2    Hunt, M.3    Yamada, Y.4    Shippy, A.M.5    Amols, H.6
  • 80
    • 0035451724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) reduces small bowel, rectum, and bladder doses in patients with cervical cancer receiving pelvic and para-aortic irradiation
    • DOI 10.1016/S0360-3016(01)01664-9, PII S0360301601016649
    • Portelance L, Chao KS, Grigsby PW, Bennet H, Low D. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) reduces small bowel, rectum, and bladder doses in patients with cervical cancer receiving pelvic and para-aortic irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;51:261-6. (Pubitemid 32758886)
    • (2001) International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics , vol.51 , Issue.1 , pp. 261-266
    • Portelance, L.1    Chao, K.S.C.2    Grigsby, P.W.3    Bennet, H.4    Low, D.5
  • 81
    • 33748949890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensity-modulated radiotherapy improves lymph node coverage and dose to critical structures compared with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy in clinically localized prostate cancer
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.05.037, PII S0360301606009539
    • Wang-Chesebro A, Xia P, Coleman J, Akazawa C, Roach M 3rd. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy improves lymph node coverage and dose to critical structures compared with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy in clinically localized prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;66:654-62. (Pubitemid 44436693)
    • (2006) International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics , vol.66 , Issue.3 , pp. 654-662
    • Wang-Chesebro, A.1    Xia, P.2    Coleman, J.3    Akazawa, C.4    Roach III, M.5
  • 83
    • 31844439101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculation of effective dose from measurements of secondary neutron spectra and scattered photon dose from dynamic MLC IMRT for 6 MV, 15 MV, and 18 MV beam energies
    • DOI 10.1118/1.2140119
    • Howell RM, Hertel NE, Wang Z, Hutchinson J, Fullerton GD. Calculation of effective dose from measurements of secondary neutron spectra and scattered photon dose from dynamic MLC IMRT for 6 MV, 15 MV, and 18 MV beam energies. Med Phys. 2006;33:360-8. (Pubitemid 43183978)
    • (2006) Medical Physics , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 360-368
    • Howell, R.M.1    Hertel, N.E.2    Wang, Z.3    Hutchinson, J.4    Fullerton, G.D.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.