Global (50°S-50°N) distribution of water vapor observed by COSMIC GPS RO: Comparison with GPS radiosonde, NCEP, ERA-Interim, and JRA-25 reanalysis data sets

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

Volumn 73, Issue 13, 2011, Pages 1849-1860

  Kishore, P ^a   Venkat Ratnam, M ^b   Namboothiri, S P ^c   Velicogna, Isabella ^a   Basha, Ghouse ^b   Jiang, J H ^d   Igarashi, K ^e   Rao, S V B ^f   Sivakumar, V ^g  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b NATIONAL ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH LABORATORY   (India)

^c SASTRA UNIVERSITY   (India)

^d CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^e Association of Radio Industries and Business (ARIB)   (Japan)

^f SRI VENKATESWARA UNIVERSITY   (India)

^g DSI CSIR Nanotechnology Innovation Centre   (South Africa)

Author keywords

GPS RO; Radiosonde; Reanalysis; Water vapor

Indexed keywords

DATA SETS; DISTRIBUTION OF WATER; HIGH RESOLUTION; INDONESIA; MODEL OUTPUTS; RADIOSONDE MEASUREMENTS; REANALYSIS; SEASONAL MEAN; SOUTH AMERICA; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; SPECIFIC HUMIDITY; TROPICAL LATITUDES; TROPICAL STATIONS;

COSMOLOGY; RADIOSONDES;

WATER VAPOR;

EID: 79961028005     PISSN: 13646826     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2011.04.017     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Angell J.K. Effect of exclusion of anomalous tropical stations on temperature trends from a 63-station radiosonde network, and comparison with other analyses. J. Climate 2003, 16:2288-2295.
2. Anna Agust'ť-Panareda, et al. Radiosonde humidity bias correction over the West African region for the special AMMA reanalysis at ECMWF. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 2009, 135:595-617.
3. Anthes R., Rocken C., Kuo Y.H. Applications of COSMIC to meteorology and climate. Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. 2000, 11:115-156.
4. Anthes R.A., et al. The COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 mission: early results. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 2008, 89:1-21.
5. Ao C.O., Meehan T.K., Hajj G.A., Mannucci A.J., Beyerle G. Lower troposphere refractivity bias in GPS occultation retrievals. J. Geophys. Res. 2003, 108(D18):4577. 10.1029/2002JD003216.
6. Bauer R., Schlussel R. Rainfall, total water, ice water and water vapor over sea from polarized microwave simulations and special sensor Microwave Imager data. J. Gephys. Res. 1993, 98(D11):20737-20759.
7. Beyerle G., Wickert J., Schmidt T., Reigber C. Atmospheric sounding by global navigation satellite system radio occultation: an analysis of the negative refractivity bias using CHAMP observations. J. Geophys. Res. 2004, 109:D01106. 10.1029/2003JD003922.
8. Dee D.P., Uppala S. Variational bias correction of satellite radiance data in the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 2009, 10.1002/qj.493.
9. Gettelman A., Collins W.D., Fetzer E.J., Eldering A., Irion F.W., Duffy P.B., Bala G. Climatology of upper tropospheric relative humidity from the atmospheric Infrared sounder and implications for climate. J. Climate 2006, 19:6104-6121.
10. Hajj G.A., Kursinski E.R., Romans L.J., Bertiger W.I., Leroy S.S. A technical description of atmospheric sounding by GPS occultation. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2002, 64:451-469.
11. Held I., Soden B. Water vapor feedback and global warming. Annu. Rev. Energy Environ. 2000, 25:441-475.
12. Ho S.-P., Zhou X., Kuo Y.-H., Hunt D., Wang J.H. Global evaluation of radiosonde water vapor systematic biases using GPS radio occultation from COSMIC and ECMWF analysis. Remote Sens. 2010, 2:1320-1330. 10.3390/rs2051320.
13. Hocke K. Inversion of GPS meteorology data. Ann. Geo. Phys. 1997, 15:443-450.
14. John V.O., Soden B.J. Temperature and humidity biases in global climate models and their impcat on climate feedbacks. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2007, 34:L18704. 10.1029/2007GL030429.
15. Kalnay E., Kanamitsu M., Kistler R., Collins W., Deaven D., Gandin L., et al. The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc. 1996, 77:437-471.
16. Kistler R., Kalnay E., Collins W., Saho S., White G., Woolen J., Chelliah M., Ebisuzaki W., Kanamitsu M., Kousky H., Van den Dool, Jenne R., Fiorino H. The NCEP-NCAR 50-year reanalysis: monthly means CD-ROM and documentation. Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc. 2001, 82:247-267.
17. Kuo Y.H., Schreiner W.S., Wang J., Rossister D.L., Zhang Y. Compariosn of GPS radio occulation soundings with radiosondes. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2005, 32:L05817. 10.1029/2004GL021443.
18. Kursinski E.R., Hajj G.A., Schofield J.T., Linfield R.P., Hardy K.R. Observing earth's atmosphere with radio occultation measurements using the global positioning system. J. Geophys. Res. 1997, 102(D19):23429-23465.
19. Kursinski E.R., Hajj G.A. A comparison of water vapor derived from GPS occultations and global weather analyses. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106(D1):1113-1138.
20. Lanzante J.R., Klein S.A. Temporal homogenization of monthly radiosonde temperature data. Part I: methodology. J. Climate 2003, 16:224-240.
21. Lanzante J.R., Klein S.A., Seidel D.J. Temporal homogenization of monthly radiosonde temperature data. Part II: sensitivities, and MSU comparison. J. Climate 2003, 16:241-262.
22. Luers J.K., Eskridge R.E. Use of radiosonde temperature data in climate studies. J. Climate 1998, 11:1002-1019.
23. Melbourne W.G., et al. The application for space borne GPS to atmospheric limb sounding and global change monitoring. Jet Propul. Lab. Rep. 1994, 94(18). (147 pp).
24. Onogi K., Tsutsui J., Koide H., Sakamoto H., Kobayashi S., Hatsushika H., Matsumoto T., Yamazaki N., Kamahori H., Takahashi K., Kadokura S., Wada K., Kato K., Oyama R., Ose T., Mannoji N., Taira R. The JRA-25 reanalysis. J. Meteor. Soc. Jpn. 2007, 85:369-432.
25. Oort, A.H., 1983. Global atmospheric circulation statistics, 1958-1973. NOAA Prof. Paper 14, 180 pp. and microfiche (available from author at GFDL/NOAA, P.O. Box 308, Princeton, NJ, 08542).
26. Peixoto J.P., Oort A.H. The climatology of relative humidity in the atmosphere. J. Climate 1996, 9:3443-3463.
27. Pierce D.W., Barnett T.P., Fetzer E.J., Gleckler P.J. Three-dimentional tropospheric water vapor in coupled climate models compared with observations from the AIRS satellite system. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2006, 33:L21701. 10.1029/2006GL027060.
28. Poli P., Joiner J., Kursinski E.R. 1DVAR analysis of temperature and humidity using GPS radio occultation refractivity data. J. Geophys. Res. 2002, 107(D20):4448. 10.1029/2001JD000935.
29. Prabhakara C., Chang H.D., Chang A.T.C. Remote sensing of precipitable water over the oceans from Nimbus 7 microwave measurements. J. Appl. Meteor. 1982, 21:59-68.
30. Ramanathan V. The role of ocean-atmospheric interactions in the CO2 climate problem. J. Atmos. Sci. 1981, 38:918-930.
31. Rao D.N., Venkat Ratnam M., Mehta Sanjay, Nath Debashis, Basha Ghouse, Jagannadha Rao V.V.M., Krishna Murthy B.V., Tsuda T., Nakamura Kenji Validation of the COSMIC radio occultation data over gadanki (13.48oN, 79.2oE): a tropical region. Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci. 2009, 20:59-70. 10.3319/TAO.2008.01.23.01(F3C).
32. Randel W.J., Wu F. Biases in stratospheric and tropospheric temperature trends derived from historical radiosonde data. J. Climate 2006, 19:2094-2104.
33. Rocken C., Anthes R., Exner M., Hunt D., et al. Analysis and validation of GPS/MET data in the neutral atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 1997, 102(D25):29 849-29 866.
34. Rosenlof K.H., Reid G.C. Trends in the temperature and water vapor content of the tropical lower stratosphere: sea surface connection. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2008, 113:D06107. 10.1029/2007JD009109.
35. Ross R.J., Elliott W.P. Tropopsheric water vapour climatology and trends over North America: 1973-93. J. Climate 1996, 9:3561-3574.
36. Schreiner W., Rocken C., Sokolovskiy S., Syndergaard S., Hunt D. Estimates of the precision of GPS radio occultations from the COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 mission. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2007, 34:L04808. 10.1029/2006GL027557.
37. Simmons A.J., Hollingsworth A. Some aspects of the improvement in skill of numerical prediction. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 2002, 128:647-677.
38. Simmons A.J., Hortal M., Kelly G., McNally A., Untach A., Uppala S. ECMWF analyses and forecasts of stratospheric winter polar vortex breakup: September 2002 in the southern hemisphere and related events. J. Atmos. Sci. 2005, 62:668-689.
39. Simmons A.J., Uppala S., Dee D.P. Update on ERA-Interim. ECMWF Newslett. 2007, 111:5.
40. Seidel D.J., Coauthors Uncertainty in signals of large scale climate variations in radiosonde and satellite upper-air temperature data sets. J. Climate 2004, 17:2225-2240.
41. Soden B.J., Turner D.D., Lesht B.M., Miloshevich L.M. An analysis of satellite, radiosonde, and lidar observations of upper tropospheric water vapor from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program. J. Geophys. Res. 2004, 109:D04105. 10.1029/2003JD003828.
42. Sokolovskiy S. Effect of super refraction on inversions of radio occultation signals in the lower troposphere. Radio Sci. 2003, 38:1058. 10.1029/2002RS002728.
43. Sokolovskiy, S., 2003b. Effect of super refraction and small-scale refractivity irregularities on inversion of radio occultation signals in the lower troposphere. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on GPS Meteorology, Tsukuba, Japan, MEXT and JISTEC, pp. 2071-2075.
44. Sokolovskiy S., Rocken C., Hunt D., Schreiner W., Johnson J., Masters D., Esterhuizen S. GPS profiling of the lower troposphere from space: inversion and demodulation of the open-loop radio occultations signals. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2006, 33:L14816. 10.1029/2006GL026112.
45. Trenberth K.E., Guillemot C.J. Evaluation of the global atmospheric moisture budget as seen from analyses. J. Climate 1995, 8:2255-2272.
46. Uppala S.M., Dee D.P., Kobayashi S., Berrisford P., Simmons A.J. Towards a climate data assimilation system: status update of ERA-Interim. ECMWF Newslett. 2008, 115:12-18.
47. Wang J., Carlson D.J., Parsons D.B., Hock T.F., Lauritse D., Cole H.L., Beierle K., Chamberlain E. Performance of operational radiosonde humidity sensors in direct comparison with a chilled mirror dew-point hygrometer and its climate implication. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2003, 30(16):1860. 10.1029/2003GL016985.
48. Wickert J., Reigber C., Beyerle G., Konig R., Marquardt C., co authors Atmosphere sounding by GPS radio occultation: first results from CHAMP. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2001, 28(17):3263-3266.
49. Wickert J., Schmidt T., Beyerle G., Konig R., Reigber C. The radio occultation experiment aboard CHAMP: operational data analysis and validation of vertical atmospheric profiles. J. Met. Soc. Jpn. 2004, 82:381-395.