Recurrence after surgery for equinus foot deformity in children with cerebral palsy: Assessment of predisposing factors for recurrence in a long-term follow-up study

Journal of Children's Orthopaedics

Volumn 5, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 289-296

  Joo, Sun Young ^a,b   Knowtharapu, Durga N ^a   Rogers, Kenneth J ^a   Holmes Jr , Laurens ^a   Miller, Freeman ^a  

^a NEMOURS ALFRED I DUPONT HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN   (United States)

^b Yonsei University College of Medicine   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Cerebral palsy; Equinus deformity; Recurrence

Indexed keywords

EID: 79960936803     PISSN: 18632521     EISSN: 18632548     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11832-011-0352-4     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. O'Connell PA, D'Souza L, Dudeney S, Stephens M (1998) Foot deformities in children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop 18: 743-747.
2. Bennet GC, Rang M, Jones D (1982) Varus and valgus deformities of the foot in cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 24: 499-503.
3. Wren TA, Rethlefsen S, Kay RM (2005) Prevalence of specific gait abnormalities in children with cerebral palsy: influence of cerebral palsy subtype, age, and previous surgery. J Pediatr Orthop 25: 79-83.
4. Miller F (2005) Cerebral palsy. Springer Science & Business Media Inc., New York.
5. Goldstein M, Harper DC (2001) Management of cerebral palsy: equinus gait. Dev Med Child Neurol 43: 563-569.
6. Rodda JM, Graham HK, Nattrass GR, Galea MP, Baker R, Wolfe R (2006) Correction of severe crouch gait in patients with spastic diplegia with use of multilevel orthopaedic surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Am 88: 2653-2664.
7. Segal LS, Thomas SE, Mazur JM, Mauterer M (1989) Calcaneal gait in spastic diplegia after heel cord lengthening: a study with gait analysis. J Pediatr Orthop 9: 697-701.
8. Graham HK, Fixsen JA (1988) Lengthening of the calcaneal tendon in spastic hemiplegia by the White slide technique. A long-term review. J Bone Joint Surg Br 70: 472-475.
9. Damron TA, Greenwald TA, Breed AL (1994) Chronologic outcome of surgical tendoachilles lengthening and natural history of gastroc-soleus contracture in cerebral palsy. A two-part study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 301: 249-255.
10. Kay RM, Rethlefsen SA, Ryan JA, Wren TA (2004) Outcome of gastrocnemius recession and tendo-achilles lengthening in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop B 13: 92-98.
11. Yngve DA, Chambers C (1996) Vulpius and Z-lengthening. J Pediatr Orthop 16: 759-764.
12. Strecker WB, Via MW, Oliver SK, Schoenecker PL (1990) Heel cord advancement for treatment of equinus deformity in cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop 10: 105-108.
13. Grant AD, Feldman R, Lehman WB (1985) Equinus deformity in cerebral palsy: a retrospective analysis of treatment and function in 39 cases. J Pediatr Orthop 5: 678-681.
14. Lee CL, Bleck EE (1980) Surgical correction of equinus deformity in cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 22: 287-292.
15. Banks HH, Green WT (1958) The correction of equinus deformity in cerebral palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 40: 1359-1379.
16. Rattey TE, Leahey L, Hyndman J, Brown DC, Gross M (1993) Recurrence after Achilles tendon lengthening in cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop 13: 184-187.
17. Craig JJ, van Vuren J (1976) The importance of gastrocnemius recession in the correction of equinus deformity in cerebral palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Br 58: 84-87.
18. Olney BW, Williams PF, Menelaus MB (1988) Treatment of spastic equinus by aponeurosis lengthening. J Pediatr Orthop 8: 422-425.
19. Borton DC, Walker K, Pirpiris M, Nattrass GR, Graham HK (2001) Isolated calf lengthening in cerebral palsy. Outcome analysis of risk factors. J Bone Joint Surg Br 83: 364-370.
20. Sharrard WJ, Bernstein S (1972) Equinus deformity in cerebral palsy. A comparison between elongation of the tendo calcaneus and gastrocnemius recession. J Bone Joint Surg Br 54: 272-276.
21. Sala DA, Grant AD, Kummer FJ (1997) Equinus deformity in cerebral palsy: recurrence after tendo Achillis lengthening. Dev Med Child Neurol 39: 45-48.
22. Phelps WM (1957) Long-term results of orthopaedic surgery in cerebral palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 39: 53-59.
23. Uyttendaele D, Kimpe E, Dellaert F, De Stoop N, Claessens H (1984) Simple Z-lengthening of the Achilles tendon and Scholder procedure. Long-term follow-up and comparison of both methods. Acta Orthop Belg 50: 213-220.
24. Silver CM, Simon SD (1959) Gastrocnemius-muscle recession (Silfverskiold operation) for spastic equinus deformity in cerebral palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 41-A: 1021-1028.
25. Conrad JA, Frost HM (1969) Evaluation of subcutaneous heel-cord lengthening. Clin Orthop Relat Res 64: 121-127.
26. Palisano R, Rosenbaum P, Walter S, Russell D, Wood E, Galuppi B (1997) Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 39: 214-223.
27. Lemperg R, Hagberg B, Lundberg A (1969) Achilles tenoplasty for correction of equinus deformity in spastic syndromes of cerebral palsy. Acta Orthop Scand 40: 507-519.
28. Truscelli D, Lespargot A, Tardieu G (1979) Variation in the long-term results of elongation of the tendo Achillis in children with cerebral palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Br 61: 466-469.
29. Saraph V, Zwick EB, Uitz C, Linhart W, Steinwender G (2000) The Baumann procedure for fixed contracture of the gastrosoleus in cerebral palsy. Evaluation of function of the ankle after multilevel surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Br 82: 535-540.
30. Cheng JC, So WS (1993) Percutaneous elongation of the Achilles tendon in children with cerebral palsy. Int Orthop 17: 162-165.