Industrial aplication of catalytic systems for n-heptane isomerization

Molecules

Volumn 16, Issue 7, 2011, Pages 5916-5927

  Alemán Vázquez, Laura Olivia ^a   Cano Domínguez, José Luis ^a   Torres García, Enelio ^a   Villagómez Ibarra, José Roberto ^b  

^a INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL PETRÓLEO   (Mexico)

^b UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE HIDALGO   (Mexico)

Author keywords

Catalyst; Molybdenum sub oxides; N heptane isomerization; Raman spectroscopy; Sulfated zirconia; X ray diffraction

Indexed keywords

HEPTANE; N-HEPTANE; ZIRCONIUM; ZIRCONIUM OXIDE;

ARTICLE; CATALYSIS; CHEMISTRY; RAMAN SPECTROMETRY; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

CATALYSIS; HEPTANES; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS, RAMAN; X-RAY DIFFRACTION; ZIRCONIUM;

EID: 79960800499     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14203049     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/molecules16075916     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Ledoux, M.J.; Del Gallo, P.; Pham-Huu, C.; York, A.P.E. Molybdenum oxycarbide isomerization catalysts for cleaner fuel production. Catal. Today 1996, 27, 145-150. (Pubitemid 126367633)
2. Blekkan, E.A.; Pham-Huu, C.; Ledoux, M.J.; Guille, J. Isomerization of n-heptane on an oxygenmodified molybdenum carbide catalyst. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 1657-1664.
3. Ledoux, M.J.; Guille, J.; Pham-Huu, C.; Blekkan, E.A.; Peschiera, E. Process for the isomerisation of straight hydrocarbons containing at least 7 carbon atoms using catalysts with a base of molybdenum oxycarbide. U.S. Patent 5,576,466, 1996.
4. y): Effect of stream on the catalyst stability. Appl. Catal. A 1999, 181, 157-170. (Pubitemid 129602787)
5. Delporte, P.; Meunier, F.; Pham-Huu, C.; Vennegues, P.; Ledoux, M.J.; Guille, J. Physical characterization of molybdenum oxycarbide catalyst: TEM, XRD and XPS. Catal. Today 1995, 23, 251-267.
6. 3 for n-hexane isomerization. Appl. Catal. A 1997, 149, 151-180. (Pubitemid 127398348)
7. Bouchy, C.; Pham-Huu, C.; Heinrich, B.; Chaumont, C.; Ledoux, M.J. Microstructure and characterization of a highly selective catalyst for the isomerization of alkanes: A molybdenum oxycarbide. J. Catal. 2000, 190, 92-103.
8. Iglesia, E.; Baumgartner, J.E.; Ribeiro, F.H.; Boudart, M. Bifuntional reactions of alkanes on tungsten carbides modified by chemisorbed oxygen. J. Catal. 1991, 131, 523-544.
9. 3 catalysts for methane oxidation. Catal. Lett. 1999, 57, 109-113. (Pubitemid 129554841)
10. 2 solid acid catalysts. Langmuir 1998, 14, 3019-3029. (Pubitemid 128575483)
11. Zalewski, D.J.; Saeed, A.; Doolin, P.K. Characterization of catalytically active sulfated zirconia. Catal. Today 1999, 53, 419-432. (Pubitemid 129588166)
12. Alemán-Vázquez, L.O.; Mariel-Reyes, P.R.; Cano-Domínguez, J.L. The ffect of sulfates concentration in sulfated zirconia (SZ) catalysts on n-heptane isomerization. Pet. Sci. Tech. 2010, 28, 374-381.
13. Normair, C.J.; Goulding, P.A.; McAlpine, I. Role of anions in the surface area. Catal. Today 1994, 20, 313-317.
14. Sameer, V.; Wolf, E.E. A highly active and stable platinum-modified sulfated zirconia catalyst 1. Preparation and activity for n-pentane isomerization. Appl. Catal. A 2004, 264, 117-124.
15. Sayari, A.; Dicko, A. The state of platinum in Pt on sulfated zirconia superacid catalysts. J. Catal. 1994, 145, 561-564.
16. 2 for n-octane hydroisomerization-cracking. Influence of the porosity of the acid component. Appl. Catal. A: General 1997, 162, 17-27. (Pubitemid 127379112)
17. Iglesia, E.; Soled, S.L.; Kramer, G.M. Isomerization of alkanes on sulfated zirconia: Promotion by Pt and by adamantyl hydride transfer species. J. Catal. 1993, 144, 238-253.
18. 2: Effect of total and hydrogen partial pressure. Catal. Lett. 1997, 45, 227-231. (Pubitemid 127489798)
19. Hino, M.; Kobayashi, S.; Arata, K. Reactions of butane and isobutene catalyzed by zirconium oxide treated with sulfate ion. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 6439-6441.
20. 2 as a catalyst and a catalyst support. Catal. Today 1994, 20, 199-217.
21. Babou, F.; Coudurier, G.; Vedrine, J.C. Acidic properties of sulfated zirconia: An infrared spectroscopic study. J. Catal. 1995, 152, 341-349.
22. 2- in the presence of hydrogen. J. Catal. 1991, 131, 199-203.
23. Benaïssa, M.; Santiesteban, J.G.; Díaz, G.; Chang, C.D. Interaction of sulfate groups with the surface of zirconia: An HRTEM characterization study. J. Catal. 1996, 161, 694-703.
24. Jouanne, M.; Morhange, J.F.; Kanehisa, M.; Haro-Poniatowski, E.; Fuentes, G.A.; Torres, E.; Hernández-Tellez, E. Structural transformation in nanosized zirconium oxide. Phys. Rev. B 2001, 64, 154041-154047.
25. 2 transition. J. Mater. Res. 2001, 16, 2209-2212. (Pubitemid 34574428)
26. 2 catalysts for n-butane isomerization. Appl. Catal. A: General 2002, 230, 137-151. (Pubitemid 34284591)
27. Torres-García, E.; Rodríguez-Gattorno, G.; Ascencio-Gutierrez, J.A.; lemán-Vázquez, L.O.; Cano-Domínguez, J.L.; Martínez-Hernández, A.; Santiago-Jacinto, P. New insights on molybdenum suboxide: Nature of carbons in isomerization reactions. J. Phys.Chem. B 2005, 109, 17518-17525.
28. Rodríguez-Gattorno, G.; Martínez-Hernández, A.; Aleman-Vázquez, L.O.; Torres-García, E. Structural and thermal study of carbon-modified molybdenum sub-oxide catalysts. Appl. Catal. A: General 2007, 321, 117-124. (Pubitemid 46463935)
29. Resofszki, G.; Muhler, M.; Sprenger, S.; Wild, U.; Paál, Z. Electron spectroscopy of sulfated zirconia, its activity in n-hexane conversion and possible reasons of its deactivation. Appl. Catal. A: General 2003, 240, 71-81.
30. Ahmad, R.; Melsheimer, J.; Friederike, C.; Jentoft, F.C.; Schlögl, R. Isomerization of n-butane and of n-pentane in the presence of sulfated zirconia: Formation of surface deposits investigated by in situ UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. J. Catal. 2003, 218, 365-374.