Wet deposition loadings of organic contaminants to Lake Ontario: Assessing the influence of precipitation from urban and rural sites

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 45, Issue 28, 2011, Pages 5042-5049

  Melymuk, Lisa ^a   Robson, Matthew ^a   Diamond, Miriam L ^a   Bradley, Lisa E ^b   Backus, Sean ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Great Lakes; Persistent organic pollutants; Precipitation; Urban areas

Indexed keywords

BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; CHEMICAL LOAD; GREAT LAKES; LAKE AREAS; LAKE ONTARIO; LOCAL SOURCE; LONG RANGE TRANSPORT; ORGANIC CONTAMINANT; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; RURAL SITE; TORONTO; URBAN AREAS; URBAN REGIONS; URBAN SITE; WET DEPOSITION;

DEPOSITION; FLAME RETARDANTS; HYDROCARBONS; LAKES; LOADING; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS; PRECIPITATION (CHEMICAL);

LAKE POLLUTION;

CHLORDANE; LAKE WATER; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDE; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHER; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON;

ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; HCH; LAKE POLLUTION; LONG RANGE TRANSPORT; ORGANIC POLLUTANT; ORGANOCHLORINE; PAH; PCB; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); RURAL AREA; SUBURBAN AREA; URBAN SITE; WET DEPOSITION;

ARTICLE; CANADA; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); PRECIPITATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RURAL AREA; SUBURBAN AREA; URBAN AREA; WATER CONTAMINATION; WET DEPOSITION;

CANADA; GREAT LAKES [NORTH AMERICA]; LAKE ONTARIO; ONTARIO [CANADA]; TORONTO;

EID: 79960610934     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: 18732844     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.007     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Blanchard P., Kallweit D., Brice K.A., Froude F.A., Chan C.H., Neilson M., Holz J., Millat H. A comparison of European and North American atmospheric deposition networks: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and lindane. J. Environ. Monit. 2006, 8:465-471.
2. Blanchard P., Audette C.V., Hulting M.L., Basu I., Brice K.A., Backus S.M., Dryfhout-Clark H., Froude F., Hites R.A., Neilson M., Wu R. Atmospheric deposition of toxic substances to the great lakes: IADN results through 2005 2008, Environment Canada, Toronto, 978-0-662-48287-1.
3. Bunce N.J., Dryfhout H.G. Diurnal and seasonal modeling of the tropospheric half-lives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Can. J. Chem.-Rev. Can. Chim. 1992, 70:1966-1970.
4. Carlson D.L., Basu I., Hites R.A. Annual variations of pesticide concentrations in Great Lakes precipitation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38:5290-5296.
5. Chan C.H., Bruce G., Harrison B. Wet deposition of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls to the great lakes. J. Gt. Lakes Res. 1994, 20:546-560.
6. Chan C.H., Williams D.J., Neilson M.A., Harrison B., Archer M.L. Spatial and temporal trends in the concentrations of selected organochlorine pesticides (OCs) and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Great Lakes basin precipitation, 1986 to 1999. J. Gt. Lakes Res. 2003, 29:448-459.
7. Cortes D.R., Basu I., Sweet C.W., Brice K.A., Hoff R.M., Hites R.A. Temporal trends in gas-phase concentrations of chlorinated pesticides measured at the shores of the Great Lakes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1998, 32:1920-1927.
8. Diamond M.L., Melymuk L., Csiszar S.A., Robson M. Estimation of PCB stocks, emissions, and urban fate: will our policies reduce concentrations and exposure?. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44:2777-2783.
9. Integrated Atmospheric Deposition Network - Background 2003, Environment Canada, Government of Canada. http://www.msc-smc.ec.gc.ca/iadn/overview/background_e.html.
10. Descriptions of Some Toxic Contaminants Found in the Pacific and Yukon Region 2005, Environment Canada, Government of Canada. http://www.ecoinfo.ec.gc.ca/env_ind/region/toxin_descript/toxin_description_e.cfm.
11. National Inventory of PCBs in Use and PCB Wastes in Storage in Canada -- 2005 Annual Report 2006, Environment Canada, Environmental Stewardship Branch Government of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
12. National Climate Data and Information Archive 2009, Environment Canada. http://www.climate.weatheroffice.gc.ca/climateData/canada_e.html.
13. Galarneau E., Makar P.A., Sassi M., Diamond M.L. Estimation of atmospheric emissions of six semivolatile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in southern Canada and the United States by use of an emissions processing system. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41:4205-4213.
14. Gouin T., Jantunen L., Harner T., Blanchard P., Bidleman T. Spatial and temporal trends of chiral organochlorine signatures in great lakes air using passive air samplers. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41:3877-3883.
15. Hafner W.D., Hites R.A. Potential sources pesticides, PCBs, and PAHs to the atmosphere of the Great Lakes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37:3764-3773.
16. Hafner W.D., Carlson D.L., Hites R.A. Influence of local human population on atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39:7374-7379.
17. Hale R.C., La Guardia M.J., Harvey E., Gaylor M.O., Mainor T.M. Brominated flame retardant concentrations and trends in abiotic media. Chemosphere 2006, 64:181-186.
18. Harrad S., Hunter S. Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in air and soil on a rural-urban transect across a major UK conurbation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40:4548-4553.
19. Hawley M.E., Galloway J.N., Keene W.C. Standard error calculations for non-seasalt constituents in marine precipitation. Water Air Soil Pollut. 1988, 42:87-102.
20. Re-evaluation of Endosulfan Interim Mitigation Measures 2009, Health Canada, Health Canada, Ottawa, H113-5/2009-3E-PDF.
21. Herbst M., Van Esch G.J. Lindane. International Programme on chemical Safety, Geneva 1991.
22. Hickey J.P., Batterman S.A., Chernyak S.M. Trends of chlorinated organic contaminants in Great Lakes trout and walleye from 1970 to 1998. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2006, 50:97-110.
23. Hodge E., Diamond M. Sources, fate and effects of contaminant emissions in urban areas. Persistent Organic Pollutants 2010, 171-198. Wiley, Chichester, UK. S. Harrad (Ed.).
24. Hoff R.M., Strachan W.M.J., Sweet C.W., Chan C.H., Shackleton M., Bidleman T.F., Brice K.A., Burniston D.A., Cussion S., Gatz D.F., Harlin K., Schroeder W.H. Atmospheric deposition of toxic chemicals to the Great Lakes: a review of data through 1994. Atmos. Environ. 1996, 30:3505-3527.
25. Huang D.Y., Peng P.A., Xu Y.G., Deng Y.Y., Deng H.M. Distribution and deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in precipitation in Guangzhou, South China. J. Environ. Sci. 2009, 21:654-660.
26. Hunter T.S., Croley I.T.E. Great lakes monthly hydrologic data, NOAA data report ERL GLERL 2009, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Springfield, Virginia.
27. Kim D., Young T.M. Significance of indirect deposition on wintertime PAH concentrations in an urban Northern California Creek. Environ. Eng. Sci. 2009, 26:269-277.
28. Leone A.D., Ulrich E.M., Bodnar C.E., Falconer R.L., Hites R.A. Organochlorine pesticide concentrations and enantiomer fractions for chlordane in indoor air from the US cornbelt. Atmos. Environ. 2000, 34:4131-4138.
29. MacDonald R.W., Barrie L.A., Bidleman T.F., Diamond M.L., Gregor D.J., Semkin R.G., Strachan W.M.J., Li Y.F., Wania F., Alaee M., Alexeeva L.B., Backus S.M., Bailey R., Bewers J.M., Gobeil C., Halsall C.J., Harner T., Hoff J.T., Jantunen L.M.M., Lockhart W.L., Mackay D., Muir D.C.G., Pudykiewicz J., Reimer K.J., Smith J.N., Stern G.A., Schroeder W.H., Wagemann R., Yunker M.B. Contaminants in the Canadian Arctic: 5 years of progress in understanding sources, occurrence and pathways. Sci. Total Environ. 2000, 254:193-234.
30. Motelay-Massei A., Harner T., Shoeib M., Diamond M., Stern G., Rosenberg B. Using passive air samplers to assess urban-rural trends for persistent organic pollutants and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 2. seasonal trends for PAHs, PCBs, and organochlorine pesticides. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39:5763-5773.
31. Offenberg J.H., Naumova Y.Y., Turpin B.J., Eisenreich S.J., Morandi M.T., Stock T., Colome S.D., Winer A.M., Spektor D.M., Zhang J., Weisel C.P. Chlordanes in the indoor and outdoor air of three US cities. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38:2760-2768.
32. Park J.S., Wade T.L., Sweet S. Atmospheric distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and deposition to Galveston Bay, Texas, USA. Atmos. Environ. 2001, 35:3241-3249.
33. Peters R.J.B., Beeltje H., van Delft R.J. Xeno-estrogenic compounds in precipitation. J. Environ. Monit. 2008, 10:760-769.
34. Poster D.L., Baker J.E. Influence of submicron particles on hydrophobic organic contaminants in precipitation 1. Concentrations and distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls in rainwater. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1996, 30:341-348.
35. Robson M., Melymuk L., Csiszar S.A., Giang A., Diamond M.L., Helm P.A. Continuing sources of PCBs: the significance of building sealants. Environ. Int. 2010, 36:506-513.
36. Simcik M.F., Hoff R.M., Strachan W.M.J., Sweet C.W., Basu I., Hites R.A. Temporal trends of semivolatile organic contaminants in Great Lakes precipitation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2000, 34:361-367.
37. Sun P., Backus S., Blanchard P., Hites R.A. Annual variation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in precipitation collected near the Great Lakes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40:696-701.
38. Sun P., Backus S., Blanchard P., Hites R.A. Temporal and spatial trends of organochlorine pesticides in Great Lakes precipitation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40:2135-2141.
39. Sun P., Blanchard P., Brice K., Hites R.A. Atmospheric organochlorine pesticide concentrations near the Great Lakes: temporal and spatial trends. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40:6587-6593.
40. Sun P., Blanchard P., Brice K.A., Hites R.A. Trends in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in the Great Lakes atmosphere. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40:6221-6227.
41. Sun P., Ilora Basu, Blanchard P., Brice K.A., Hites R.A. Temporal and spatial trends of atmospheric polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations near the Great Lakes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41:1131-1136.
42. Tuduri L., Harner T., Blanchard P., Li Y.F., Poissant L., Waite D.T., Murphy C., Belzer W. A review of currently used pesticides (CUPs) in Canadian air and precipitation: Part 1: lindane and endosulfans. Atmos. Environ. 2006, 40:1563-1578.
43. Risk Profile on Lindane. Geneva 2006, United Nations Environment Program, K0653897.
44. Stockholm Convention 2008, United Nations Environment Program, United Nations. http://chm.pops.int/Programmes/PCBs/tabid/273/language/en-US/Default.aspx.
45. Van Metre P.C., Mahler B.J., Furlong E.T. Urban sprawl leaves its PAH signature. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2000, 34:4064-4070.
46. Venier M., Hites R.A. Atmospheric deposition of PBDEs to the great lakes featuring a Monte Carlo analysis of errors. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42:9058-9064.
47. Venier M., Hites R.A. Flame retardants in the atmosphere near the Great Lakes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42:4745-4751.
48. Wethington D.M., Hornbuckle K.C. Milwaukee, WI, as a source of atmospheric PCBs to Lake Michigan. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39:57-63.
49. Wu R., Backus S., Basu I., Blanchard P., Brice K., Dryfhout-Clark H., Fowlie P., Hulting M., Hites R. Findings from quality assurance activities in the integrated atmospheric deposition network. J. Environ. Monit. 2009, 11:277-296.
50. Yao Y., Tuduri L., Harner T., Blanchard P., Waite D., Poissant L., Murphy C., Belzer W., Aulagnier F., Li Y.F., Sverko E. Spatial and temporal distribution of pesticide air concentrations in Canadian agricultural regions. Atmos. Environ. 2006, 40:4339-4351.
51. Yao Y., Harner T., Blanchard P., Tuduri L., Waite D., Poissant L., Murphy C., Belzer W., Aulagnier F., Sverko E. Pesticides in the atmosphere across Canadian agricultural regions. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42:5931-5937.