Foraging behavior under starvation conditions is altered via photosynthesis by the marine gastropod, Elysia clarki

PLoS ONE

Volumn 6, Issue 7, 2011, Pages

  Middlebrooks, Michael L ^a   Pierce, Sidney K ^a   Bell, Susan S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGAL PROTEIN;

ALGAL GENETICS; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELYSIA CLARKI; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; MARINE SNAIL; NONHUMAN; ORGANISMS BY PHOTOSYNTHETIC PATHWAY; PHOTOHETEROTROPH; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; QUANTUM YIELD; SATIETY; STARVATION; ANIMAL; CHLOROPLAST; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; GASTROPOD; METABOLISM; PROBABILITY; TIME;

ALGAE; ANIMALIA; GASTROPODA; OPISTHOBRANCHIA;

ANIMALS; BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL; CHLOROPLASTS; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; GASTROPODA; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PROBABILITY; STARVATION; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 79960604247     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022162     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Bonte D, Lukac M, Lens L, (2008) Starvation affects pre-dispersal behaviour of Erigone spiders. Basic and Applied Ecology 9: 308-315.
2. Jeschke JM, (2007) When carnivores are "full and lazy". Oecologia 152: 357-364.
3. Vadas RL, Burrows MT, Hughes RN, (1994) Foraging strategies of dogwhelks, Nucella lapillus (L): interacting effects of age, diet, and chemical cues to threat of predation. Oecologia 100: 439-450.
4. Houston AI, (1991) Risk-sensitive foraging theory and operant psychology. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 56: 585-589.
5. Torres JB, Evangelista WS, Barras R, Guedes RNC, (2002) Dispersal of Podisus nigrispinus (Het., Pentatomidae) nymphs preying on tomato leafminer: effect of predator release time, density and satiation level. Journal of Applied Entomology-Zeitschrift Fur Angewandte Entomologie 126: 326-332.
6. Stephens DW, (1981) The logic of risk-sensitive foraging preferences. Animal Behaviour 29: 628-629.
7. Wojdak JM, (2009) Foraging and refuge use by a pond snail: Effects of physiological state, predators, and resources. Acta Oecologica 35: 746-751.
8. Prop J, Black JM, Shimmings P, (2003) Travel schedules to the high arctic: barnacle geese trade-off the timing of migration with accumulation of fat deposits. Oikos 103: 403-414.
9. Jacome I, Aluja M, Liedo P, Nestel D, (1995) The influence of adult diet and age on lipid reserves in the tropical fruit fly Anastrepha serpentina (Diptera: Tephritidae). Journal of Insect Physiology 41: 1079-1086.
10. Avila C, Tyndale E, Kuzirian AM, (1998) Feeding behavior and growth of Hermissenda crassicornis (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) in the laboratory. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 31: 1-19.
11. Biesinger Z, Haefner JW, (2005) Proximate cues for predator searching: a quantitative analysis of hunger and encounter rate in the ladybird beetle, Coccinella septempunctata. Animal Behaviour 69: 235-244.
12. Venn AA, Loram JE, Douglas AE, (2008) Photosynthetic symbioses in animals. Journal of Experimental Botany 59: 1069-1080.
13. Trench RK, Ohlhorst S, (1976) Stability of chloroplasts from siphonaceous algae in symbiosis with sacoglossan mollusks. New Phytologist 76: 99-109.
14. Stoecker DK, Swanberg N, Tyler S, (1989) Oceanic mixotrophic flatworms. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 58: 41-51.
15. Anthony KRN, Fabricius KE, (2000) Shifting roles of heterotrophy and autotrophy in coral energetics under varying turbidity. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 252: 221-253.
16. Piniak GA, (2002) Effects of symbiotic status, flow speed, and prey type on prey capture by the facultatively symbiotic temperate coral Oculina arbuscula. Marine Biology 141: 449-455.
17. Titlyanov EA, Leletkin VA, Dubinsky Z, (2000) Autotrophy and predation in the hermatypic coral Stylophora pistillata in different light habitats. Symbiosis 29: 263-281.
18. Clark KB, Jensen KR, Stirts HM, (1990) Survery for functional kleptoplasty amount West Atlantic ascoglossa (= sacoglossa) (Mollusca Opisthobranchia). Veliger 33: 339-345.
19. Greene RW, (1970) Symbiosis in sacoglossan opisthobranchs: functional capacity of symbiotic chloroplasts. Marine Biology 7: 138-142.
20. Greene RW, Muscatin L, (1972) Symbiosis in sacoglossan opisthobranchs: photosynthetic products of animal-chloroplast associations. Marine Biology 14: 253-259.
21. Pierce SK, Schwartz JA, Curtis NE, (2008) You might become what you eat: Functional algal genes within a molluscan genome. Journal of Shellfish Research 27: 1042-1042.
22. Pierce SK, Curtis NE, Schwartz JA, (2009) Chlorophyll a synthesis by an animal using transferred algal nuclear genes. Symbiosis 49: 121-131.
23. Marin A, Ros J, (1993) Ultrastructural and ecological aspects of the developement of chloroplast retention in the sacoglossan gastropod Elysia timida. Journal of Molluscan Studies 59: 95-104.
24. Gimènez-Casalduero F, Muniain C, (2008) The role of kleptoplasts in the survival rates of Elysia timida (Risso, 1818): (Sacoglossa: Opisthobranchia) during periods of food shortage. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 357: 181-187.
25. Haendeler K, Grzymbowski YP, Krug PJ, Waegele H, (2009) Functional chloroplasts in metazoan cells- a unique evolutionary strategy in animal life. Frontiers in Zoology 6: Article No.: 28.
26. Pierce SK, Biron RW, Rumpho ME, (1996) Endosymbiotic chloroplasts in molluscan cells contain proteins synthesized after plastid capture. Journal of Experimental Biology 199: 2323-2330.
27. Mondy WL, Pierce SK, (2003) Apoptotic-like morphology is associated with annual synchronized death in kleptoplastic sea slugs (Elysia chlorotica). Invertebrate Biology 122: 126-137.
28. Pierce SK, Curtis NE, Massey SE, Bass AL, Karl SA, et al. (2006) A morphological and molecular comparison between Elysia crispata and a new species of kleptoplastic sacoglossan sea slug (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) from the Florida Keys, USA. Molluscan Research 26: 23-38.
29. Curtis NE, Pierce SK, Massey SE, Schwartz JA, Maugel TK, (2007) Newly metamorphosed Elysia clarki juveniles feed on and sequester chloroplasts from algal species different from those utilized by adult slugs. Marine Biology 150: 797-806.
30. Curtis NE, Massey SE, Pierce SK, (2006) The symbiotic chloroplasts in the sacoglossan Elysia clarki are from several algal species. Invertebrate Biology 125: 336-345.
31. Curtis NE, Massey SE, Schwartz JA, Tagihof H, Pierce SK, (2004) The intracellular, functional chloroplasts in adult Elysia crispata come from several algal species, and are different from those in juvenile slugs. Integrative and Comparative Biology 44: 686-686.
32. Jensen KR, (1993) Morphological adaptations and plasticity of radular teeth of the sacoglossa (= ascoglossa) (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia) in relation to their food plants. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 48: 135-155.
33. Stirts HM, Clark KB, (1980) Effects of temperature on products of symbiotic chloroplasts in Elysia tuca Marcus (Opisthobranchia, Ascoglossa). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 43: 39-47.
34. Hoeghguldberg O, Hinde R, (1986) Stuies on a nudibranch that contains zooxanthellae 1. Photosynthesis, respiration and the translocation of newly fixed carbon by zooxanthellae in Pteraeolidia ianthina. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 228: 493-509.
35. Wagele H, Johnsen G, (2001) Observations on the histology and photosynthetic performance of "solar-powered" opisthobranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia) containing symbiotic chloroplasts or zooxanthellae. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 1: 193-210.
36. Hader DP, Herrmann H, Schafer J, Santas R, (1997) Photosynthetic fluorescence induction and oxygen production in two Mediterranean Cladophora species measured on site. Aquatic Botany 56: 253-264.
37. Joyard J, Dorne AJ, Douce R, (1987) Use of thermolysin to probe the cytosolic surface of the outer membrane from plastids. Methods in Enzymology 148: 195-206.
38. Jeschke JM, Tollrian R, (2005) Predicting herbivore feeding times. Ethology 111: 187-206.
39. Rochette R, Hamel JF, Himmelman JH, (1994) Foraging strategyof the asteroid Leptasterias polaris- role of prey odors, current, and feeding status. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 106: 93-100.
40. Hart LJ, Chia FS, (1990) Effect of food supply and body size on the foraging behavior of the burrowing sea urchin Echinometra mathaei (Beblainville). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 135: 99-108.
41. Cronin G, Hay ME, (1996) Susceptibility to herbivores depends on recent history of both the plant and animal. Ecology 77: 1531-1543.
42. Soto RE, Castilla JC, Bozinovic F, (2005) The impact of physiological demands on foraging decisions under predation risk: A test with the whelk Acanthina monodon. Ethology 111: 1044-1049.
43. Imafuku M, Yamamoto T, Ohta M, (2000) Predation on symbiont sea anemones by their host hermit crab Dardanus pedunculatus. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 33: 221-232.
44. Trowbridge CD, (1994) Defensive responses and palatability of specialist herbivores-predation on NE Pacific ascoglossan gastropods. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 105: 61-70.
45. Williams SI, Walker DI, (1999) Mesoherbivore-macroalgal interactions: Feeding ecology of sacoglossan sea slugs (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia) and their effects on their food algae. Oceanography and Marine Biology, Vol 37 London Taylor & Francis Ltd pp. 87-128.