Counting the cost: Estimating the number of deaths among recently released prisoners in Australia

Medical Journal of Australia

Volumn 195, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 64-68

  Kinner, Stuart A ^a   Preen, David B ^b   Kariminia, Azar ^c   Butler, Tony ^c   Andrews, Jessica Y ^a   Stoové, Mark ^a   Law, Matthew ^c  

^a BURNET INSTITUTE   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE COST; HUMAN; INDIGENOUS PEOPLE; MALE; MORTALITY; PRISON; PRISONER; SEX; SOCIOECONOMICS;

EID: 79960595410     PISSN: 0025729X     EISSN: 13265377     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2011.tb03208.x     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Prisoners in Australia, 2010. Canberra: ABS, 2010. (ABS Cat. No. 4517.0.)
2. Australian Bureau of Statistics. National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing: summary of results. Canberra: ABS, 2008. (ABS Cat. No. 4326.0.)
3. Martire KA, Larney S. Inadequate data collection prevents health planning for released prisoners [letter]. Med J Aust 2009; 191: 408-409.
4. Krieg AS. Aboriginal incarceration: health and social impacts. Med J Aust 2006; 184: 534-536.
5. Levy M. Australian prisons are still health risks [editorial]. Med J Aust 1999; 171: 7-8.
6. Butler T, Andrews G, Allnutt S, et al. Mental disorders in Australian prisoners: a comparison with a community sample. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2006; 40: 272-276.
7. Butler T, Kariminia A, Levy M, Murphy M. The selfreported health status of prisoners in New South Wales. Aust N Z J Public Health 2004; 28: 344-350.
8. Kinner SA. Continuity of health impairment and substance misuse among adult prisoners in Queensland, Australia. Int J Prisoner Health 2006; 2: 101-113.
9. Kinner SA, George J, Campbell G, Degenhardt L. Crime, drugs and distress: patterns of drug use and harm among criminally involved injecting drug users in Australia. Aust N Z J Public Health 2009; 33: 223-227.
10. Stewart L, Henderson C, Hobbs MST, et al. Risk of death in prisoners after release from jail. Aust N Z J Public Health 2004; 28: 32-36.
11. Kariminia A, Butler TG, Corben SP, et al. Extreme cause specific mortality in a cohort of adult prisoners-1998 to 2002: a data-linkage study. Int J Epidemiol 2007; 36: 310-318.
12. Coffey C, Veit F, Wolfe R, et al. Mortality in young offenders: retrospective cohort study. BMJ 2003; 326: 1064.
13. Karaminia A, Law MG, Butler TG, et al. Suicide risk among recently released prisoners in New South Wales, Australia. Med J Aust 2007; 187: 387-390.
14. Borzycki M. Interventions for prisoners returning to the community. Canberra: Attorney-General's Department, 2005.
15. Degenhardt L, Day C, Dietze P, et al. Effects of a sustained heroin shortage in three Australian States. Addiction 2005; 100: 908-920.
16. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. The health of Australia's prisoners 2009. Canberra: AIHW, 2010. (AIHW Cat. No. PHE 123.)
17. Kinner SA. Understanding mortality and health outcomes for ex-prisoners: first steps on a long road. Addiction 2010; 105: 1555-1556.
18. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Prisoners in Australia, 2008. Canberra: ABS, 2008. (ABS Cat. No. 4517.0.)
19. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Corrective Services, Australia, Sep 2009. Canberra: ABS, 2009. (ABS Cat. No. 4512.0.)
20. Randall D, Roxburgh A, Gibson A, Degenhardt L. Mortality among people who use illicit drugs: a toolkit for classifying major causes of death. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of NSW, 2009.
21. Binswanger IA, Stern MF, Deyo RA, et al. Release from prison-a high risk of death for former inmates. N Engl J Med 2007; 356: 157-165.
22. Farrell M, Marsden J. Acute risk of drug-related death among newly released prisoners in England and Wales. Addiction 2008; 103: 251-255.
23. Bird SM, Hutchinson SJ. Male drugs-related deaths in the fortnight after release from prison: Scotland, 1996-99. Addiction 2003; 98: 185-190.
24. Merrall ELC, Kariminia A, Binswanger IA, et al. Metaanalysis of drug-related deaths soon after release from prison. Addiction 2010; 105: 1545-1554.
25. Degenhardt L, Rendle V, Hall W, et al. Estimating the number of current regular heroin users in NSW and Australia 1997-2002. NDARC Technical Report. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, 2004.
26. Kariminia A, Law MG, Butler TG, et al. Factors associated with mortality in a cohort of Australian prisoners. Eur J Epidemiol 2007; 22: 417-428.
27. Hobbs M, Krazlan K, Ridout S, et al. Mortality and morbidity in prisoners after release from prison in Western Australia 1995-2003. Research and Public Policy Series no. 71. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2006.
28. Dolan KA, Shearer J, White B, et al. Four-year follow-up of imprisoned male heroin users and methadone treatment: mortality, re-incarceration and hepatitis C infection. Addiction 2005; 100: 820-828.
29. Ministerial Council on Drug Strategy. National Corrections Drug Strategy 2006-2009. Canberra: MCDS, 2008.
30. Kim D, Irwin KS, Khoshnood K. Expanded access to naloxone: options for critical response to the epidemic of opioid overdose mortality. Am J Public Health 2009; 99: 402-407.
31. Lenton SR, Dietze PM, Degenhardt L, et al. Naloxone for administration by peers in cases of heroin overdose. Med J Aust 2009; 191: 469.
32. Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody. National report. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service, 1991.
33. Curnow J, Larsen JJ. Deaths in custody in Australia: National Deaths in Custody Program 2007. Monitoring report no. 3. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2009.
34. Sibthorpe B, Kliewer E, Smith L. Record linkage in Australian epidemiological research: health benefits, privacy safeguards and future potential. Aust J Public Health 1995; 19: 250-256.
35. Brook EL, Rosman DL, Holman CDAJ. Public good through data linkage: measuring research outputs from the Western Australian Data Linkage System. Aust N Z J Public Health 2008; 32: 19-23.
36. Forsyth S, Kinner SA, Williams G, et al. Postrelease mortality among ex-prisoners in Queensland: a data linkage study. Proceedings of Public Health Association Australia Justice Health Conference. Justice health in Australia: beyond the convict era; 2009 Apr 6-7; Melbourne, Australia.
37. Hulse GK, English DR, Milne E, Holman CDJ. The quantification of mortality resulting from the regular use of illicit opiates. Addiction 1999; 94: 221-229.
38. Hall WD, Ross JE, Lynskey MT, et al. How many dependent heroin users are there in Australia? Med J Aust 2000; 173: 528-531.
39. Ezzati M, Lopez AD. Estimates of global mortality attributable to smoking in 2000. Lancet 2003; 362: 847-852.
40. Clark A, Preen DB, Ng JQ, et al. Is Western Australia representative of other Australian states and territories in terms of key socio-demographic and health economic indicators? Aust Health Rev 2010; 34: 210-215.